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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 487 records · Page 27
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Material Identification Using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

Two implementations of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry were studied to identify materials using X-ray attenuation data taken with the Digital Radiography and Computed Tomography (DRCT) systems that were developed for the Recovered Chemical Materiel Directorate (RCMD). Maitrejean et al.’s approach utilizes eigen effects through Principal Component Analysis, while Osipov et al.’s approach proposed a physics-based method. Both approaches approximate mass attenuation coefficients of materials as a linear combination of basis functions (eigen effects) or physics-based equations. A set of coefficients {a 1 , a 2 , a 3 } or {B, D} were found by parameter optimization in EXCEL Solver. The identification parameters, {$\frac{a_{2}}{a_{1}}$, $\frac{a_{3}}{a_{1}}$} or estimated effective atomic number $\hat{Z}$ from {B, D}, were calculated to identify material of an aluminum 8 step wedge and a steel 8 step wedge in X-ray radiography images taken by a DRCT system. Maitrejean et al.’s approach was unable to provide reliable $\frac{a_{3}}{a_{1}}$ ratio values for identification of materials. Osipov et al.’s approach was found to be more robust in identify materials with a semi-empirical formula derived from test results in this study.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

The Steel Equivalency Workbook: An X-Ray Transmission Calculator

The Steel Equivalency Spreadsheet was created as a robust, user-friendly method for the following: 1. Determining if it is possible to image an object. 2. Reducing time needed when selecting equipment and preparing for field imaging activities. 3. Reducing the amount of equipment taken for field imaging activities. 4. Determining a starting point for exposure settings prior to imaging an object. 5. Reducing the amount of dose deposited to complete an imaging operation (in the spirit of As Low As Reasonably Achievable, ALARA). The spreadsheet was developed using various physical models to account for different phenomena. Future implementations aim to expand beyond the Digital Radiography and Computed Tomography Single Munition Scanner (DRCT SMS) in standard configuration to include high energy XRGs (Betatrons) and sub-MeV pulsed XRGs (XRS4). Alternative computational methods that compensate for incoherent scattering when calculating relative transmission are also being pursued. Ultimately the spreadsheet exceeded the developmental goal of having less than 10% average error when comparing calculations to real-world images.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Boson Fermion Nucleus Polynuclear Structure: Monograph #11

The boson fermion nucleus (BFN) structure indicates the possibility of stable, nonradioactive polynuclear structures bound by the strong nuclear force. In the process of making polynuclear structures, BFN self-ordering on the nuclear level as a stable structure resembles the self-ordering of carbon atoms at the atomic level into buckminsterfullerene, graphene sheet, or graphene nanotubes. This natural assembly derives from the modulation of electron orbital collapse, which decreases coulomb repulsion between atoms and allows a natural reordering among nuclear structures by modulating the permeability of free space. Polynuclear material would be unearthly in tensile strength, thermal and electrical conductivity, and heat of disassociation.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Search for an Excess of Electron Neutrino Interactions in MicroBooNE Using Multiple Final State Topologies (submitted to PRL)

We present a measurement of ν e interactions from the Fermilab Booster Neutrino Beam using the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber to address the nature of the excess of low energy interactions observed by the MiniBooNE collaboration. Three independent ν e searches are performed across multiple single electron final states, including an exclusive search for two-body scattering events with a single proton, a semi-inclusive search for pionless events, and a fully inclusive search for events containing all hadronic final states. With differing signal topologies, statistics, backgrounds, reconstruction algorithms, and analysis approaches, the results are found to be consistent with the nominal ν e rate expectations from the Booster Neutrino Beam and no excess of ν e events is observed.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Boson Fermion Nucleus Explanation for Fission Fragment Anisotropy: Monograph #13

Since 1952, anisotropy has been observed in the paths of fission fragments following the assimilation of an incident neutron or photon in the nucleus. Fission fragment flux favors certain angles relative to the path of the incident particle, constituting anisotropy. The amount of anisotropy is dependent on the energy of the incident particle. Fission fragment anisotropy can be explained by the disruption of nuclear structure combined with the requirement of a specific rotational orientation in theta and phi of that structure relative to the incident neutron or photon flux. A specific and limited area in the nucleus can assimilate the incident particle and induce upset within the structure, followed by scission and fission of the nucleus. The orientation and nature of the structure upset dictates fission fragment trajectory and is responsible for fission fragment anisotropy. This concept can be explained and supported by the theory of boson fermion nucleus (BFN) structure.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2022

Theoretical developments in the SMEFT at dimension-8 and beyond

In this contribution to the Snowmass 2021 process we review theoretical developments in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) with a focus on effects at the dimension-8 level and beyond. We review the theoretical advances that led to the complete construction of the operator bases for the dimension-8 and dimension- 9 SMEFT Lagrangians. We discuss the possibility of obtaining all-orders results in the 1/Λ expansion for certain SMEFT observables, and briefly present the on-shell approach to constructing SMEFT amplitudes. Finally we present several new phenomenological effects that first arise at dimension-8 and discuss the impact of these terms on experimental analyses.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Energy-Energy Correlators for Precision QCD

In this contribution to the Proceedings of the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021) we review recent progress in the evaluation and application of the Energy-Energy Correlator (EEC) event shape observable in $e^+e^⁻$ annihilation, hadronic collisions, and deep inelastic scattering. The importance of EEC as a precision probe of the perturbative and non perturbative aspects of QCD dynamics is emphasized. It can be used to extract the strong coupling constant and to constrain TMD distribution functions. Closely related energy-correlation shape variables have also been used to tag boosted objects produced in high energy collisions. The opportunities to study EEC at the future Electron-Ion Collider are also highlighted.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

SBN-BD: O(10 GeV) Proton Beam Dump at Fermilab’s PIP-II Linac

Proton beam dumps are prolific sources of mesons enabling a powerful technique to search for vector mediator coupling of dark matter to neutral pion and higher mass meson decays. By the end of the decade the PIP-II linac will be delivering up to 1 MW of proton power to the FNAL campus. This includes a significant increase of power to the Booster Neutrino Beamline (BNB) which delivers 8 GeV protons to the Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) detectors. By building a new dedicated beam dump target station, and using the SBN detectors, a greater than an order of magnitude increase in search sensitivity for dark matter relative to the recent MiniBooNE beam dump search can be achieved. This modest cost upgrade to the BNB would begin testing models of the highly motivated relic density limit predictions and provide novel ways to test explanations of the anomalous excess of low energy events seen by MiniBooNE.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

A cross-frontier quest to reveal the origin of the Universe

We still don't know much about our Universe. Various fundamental symmetry tests to reveal the origin of the Universe include: multi-species EDM searches, Lepton Flavor Violation, CPV/LNV/LFV searches at colliders, and Lepton Number Violation.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

TPOT Support Structure Finite Element Analysis

This paper is a discussion of the results of finite element analysis (FEA) of the TPOT detector support frame. The analysis of the complete support frame is discussed in section 5. Earlier sections are used to verify assumptions in the model. The maximum deflection of the full support frame is 20.04mm if pinned boundary conditions are assumed at each end of the 80/20 beams. The maximum deflection of the support frame is 7.09mm assuming fixed connections at the ends of the 80/20 beams.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Unravelling the extreme universe [Slides]

A journey to the early universe includes stops that examine the Quark Gluon plasma of the early universe 10 -6 seconds after the Big Bang and its extraordinary properties, the emergence of hadrons (like the proton and neutron) and light nuclei 1 second after the Big Bang, and the elusive neutrinos, in addition to the primordial ones that are also produced during star formation.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Experimental overview about LANL contributions to the Electron-Ion Collider

This report is a request from the LANL team to design and build the Forward Silicon Tracker (FST) for the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The report highlights past accomplishments of LANL and seeks DOE support for continued work for the EIC, including silicon detector R&D; silicon tracker construction and operation; heavy flavor physics development and data analysis.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗