Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “Regulatory Development”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 487 records · Page 27
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Software Quality Assurance Plan ANSYS LSDYNA Version 2023R1

ANSYS Inc. develops and markets engineering simulation software and services used in the aerospace, automotive, manufacturing, electronics, biomedical, energy, defense, and many other industries. ANSYS is dedicated to engineering simulation and is the world’s leading software provider. ANSYS was founded in 1970 and is headquartered in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. ANSYS provides an engineering analysis tool combining structural, thermal, computational fluid dynamics, acoustic and electromagnetic simulation capabilities. ANSYS LS-DYNA is the most used explicit simulation program capable of simulating the response of materials to short periods of severe loading. Its many elements, contact formulations, material models, and other controls can be used to simulate complex models with control over all the details of the problem. ANSYS LS-DYNA has a vast array of capabilities to simulate extreme deformation problems using its explicit solver. Engineers can tackle simulations involving material failure and look at how the failure progresses through a part or through a system. Models with large amounts of parts or surfaces interacting with each other are also easily handled, and the interactions and load passing between complex behaviors are modeled accurately. Using computers with higher numbers of CPU cores can drastically reduce solution times. In addition, many consulting firms and hundreds of universities use ANSYS for analysis, research, and educational purposes. ANSYS is recognized worldwide as one of the most widely used and capable programs of its type. ANSYS has successfully passed over 100 customer quality system audits against American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) NQA-1 and 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix B, since the company was founded, over 60 of which have been since 1997. ANSYS has successfully passed over 100 International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001 assessments. ANSYS design analysis software is the first created within a quality system with ISO 9001 certification, which is the internationally accepted quality standard. Product development, testing, maintenance, and support processes also meet the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s (NRC’s) quality requirements, as they have for nearly four decades. ANSYS staff perform more than 60,000 software verification tests before releasing each new product. ASME NQA-1-2012 (Subpart 2.7 is specific to software) is the industry- and NRC-accepted approach (consensus standard) for meeting 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix B, requirements.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
NASA NTRS1976

Considerations of high altitude emissions

The status of the Federal Aviation Administration's High Altitude Pollution Program is described which was instituted to develop the detailed quantitative information needed to judge whether or not regulatory action to limit such exhaust emissions would be necessary. The complexities of this question and the nature and magnitude of uncertainties still present in our scientific understanding of the potential interactions between aircraft exhaust emissions and stratospheric ozone and climate are reviewed. The direction and scope of future Federal and international activities are described.

Broderick, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1999

Circadian and sleep-dependent regulation of hormone release in humans

Daily oscillations characterize the release of nearly every hormone. The circadian pacemaker, located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, generates circadian, approximately 24-hour rhythms in many physiologic functions. However, the observed hormonal oscillations do not simply reflect the output of this internal clock. Instead, daily hormonal profiles are the product of a complex interaction between the output of the circadian pacemaker, periodic changes in behavior, light exposure, neuroendocrine feedback mechanisms, gender, age, and the timing of sleep and wakefulness. The interaction of these factors can affect hormonal secretory pulse frequency and amplitude, with each endocrine system differentially affected by these factors. This chapter examines recent advances in understanding the effects on endocrine rhythms of a number of these factors. Sleep exerts a profound effect on endocrine secretion. Sleep is a dynamic process that is characterized by periodic changes in electrophysiologic activity. These electrophysiologic changes, which are used to mark the state and depth of sleep, are associated with periodic, short-term variations in hormonal levels. The secretion of hormones such as renin and human growth hormone are strongly influenced by sleep or wake state, while melatonin and cortisol levels are relatively unaffected by sleep or wake state. In addition, sleep is associated with changes in posture, behavior, and light exposure, each of which is known to affect endocrine secretion. Furthermore, the tight concordance of habitual sleep and wake times with certain circadian phases has made it difficult to distinguish sleep and circadian effects on these hormones. Specific protocols, designed to extract circadian and sleep information semi-independently, have been developed and have yielded important insights into the effects of these regulatory processes. These results may help to account for changes in endocrine rhythms observed in circadian rhythm sleep disorders, including the dyssomnia of shift work and visual impairment. Yet to be fully investigated are the interactions of these factors with age and gender. Characterization of the factors governing hormone secretion is critical to understanding the temporal regulation of endocrine systems and presents many exciting areas for future research.

Non-NASA Center↗
NASA NTRS2015

On-Demand Mobility (ODM) Technical Pathway: Enabling Ease of Use and Safety

On-demand mobility (ODM) through aviation refers to the ability to quickly and easily move people or equivalent cargo without delays introduced by lack of, or infrequently, scheduled service. A necessary attribute of ODM is that it be easy to use, requiring a minimum of special training, skills, or workload. Fully-autonomous vehicles would provide the ultimate in ease-of-use (EU) but are currently unproven for safety-critical applications outside of a few, situationally constrained applications (e.g. automated trains operating in segregated systems). Applied to aviation, the current and near-future state of the art of full-autonomy, may entail undesirable trade-offs such as very conservative operational margins resulting in reduced trip reliability and transportation utility. Furthermore, acceptance by potential users and regulatory authorities will be challenging without confidence in autonomous systems in developed in less critical, but still challenging applications. A question for the aviation community is how we can best develop practical ease-of-use for aircraft that are sized to carry a small number of passengers (e.g. 1-9) or equivalent cargo. Such development is unlikely to be a single event, but rather a managed, evolutionary process where responsibility and authority transitions from human to automation agents as operational experience is gained with increasingly intelligent systems. This talk presents a technology road map being developed at NASA Langley, as part of an overall strategy to foster ODM, for the development of ease-of-use for ODM aviation.

Goodrich, Ken↗
DOE OSTI2023

Regulatory utility of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling for assessing food impact in bioequivalence studies: A workshop summary report

This workshop report summarizes the presentations and panel discussion related to the use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approaches for food effect assessment, collected from Session 2 of Day 2 of the workshop titled “Regulatory Utility of Mechanistic Modeling to Support Alternative Bioequivalence Approaches.” The US Food and Drug Administration in collaboration with the Center for Research on Complex Generics organized this workshop where this particular session titled “Oral PBPK for Evaluating the Impact of Food on BE” presented successful cases of PBPK modeling approaches for food effect assessment. Recently, PBPK modeling has started to gain popularity among academia, industries, and regulatory agencies for its potential utility during bioavailability (BA) and/or bioequivalence (BE) studies of new and generic drug products to assess the impact of food on BA/BE. Considering the promises of PBPK modeling in generic drug development, the aim of this workshop session was to facilitate knowledge sharing among academia, industries, and regulatory agencies to understand the knowledge gap and guide the path forward. This report collects and summarizes the information presented and discussed during this session to disseminate the information into a broader audience for further advancement in this area.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

AquaPV: Foundational Analysis and Industry Guidance on Floating PV Results

This dataset contains results of the technical potential analysis of floating photovoltaics (FPV) on federally owned or permitted reservoirs in the United States. Estimates of the area of reservoirs that is technically feasible for FPV development are provided for reservoirs that are owned by the US Army Corps of Engineers or the US Bureau of Reclamation, or are associated with hydropower dams licensed by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Other associated data are included, such as estimates of the potential evaporative losses of FPV development, and whether the waterbody is associated with an energy community or disadvantaged community that could qualify it for investment or production tax credits. Data is provided both as a spreadsheet and in a geospatial format including the waterbody geometries. Please read the included readme for more detailed field definitions.

area↗
DOE OSTI2020

Ready for Renewables: Grid Planning and Competitive Renewable Energy Zones (CREZ) in the Philippines

The Department of Energy of the Philippines launched the competitive renewable energy zones (CREZ) process to help achieve the country's goals of scaling up renewable energy generation on the power system and to ensure sustainable, secure, reliable, accessible, and affordable energy. The CREZ process identifies the most economic renewable energy resource areas so transmission planning and expansion can accelerate their development. By proactively focusing transmission expansion to these resource areas, renewable energy generation development obstacles such as transmission access, energy curtailment, land permitting (such as protected or high-slope areas), and regulatory barriers are easier to overcome thus, reducing risk for private sector renewable energy investment. This report is will cover the outputs of the CREZ process, the development of the outputs through stakeholder-driven coordination, and how this process will help the Philippines achieve their renewable energy goals.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2023

CRISPR/Cas9 Directed Reprogramming of iPSC for Accelerated Motor Neuron Differentiation Leads to Dysregulation of Neuronal Fate Patterning and Function

Neurodegeneration causes a significant disease burden and there are few therapeutic interventions available for reversing or slowing the disease progression. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold significant potential since they are sourced from adult tissue and have the capacity to be differentiated into numerous cell lineages, including motor neurons. This differentiation process traditionally relies on cell lineage patterning factors to be supplied in the differentiation media. Genetic engineering of iPSC with the introduction of recombinant master regulators of motor neuron (MN) differentiation has the potential to shorten and streamline cell developmental programs. We have established stable iPSC cell lines with transient induction of exogenous LHX3 and ISL1 from the Tet-activator regulatory region and have demonstrated that induction of the transgenes is not sufficient for the development of mature MNs in the absence of neuron patterning factors. Comparative global transcriptome analysis of MN development from native and Lhx-ISL1 modified iPSC cultures demonstrated that the genetic manipulation helped to streamline the neuronal patterning process. However, leaky gene expression of the exogenous MN master regulators in iPSC resulted in the premature activation of genetic pathways characteristic of the mature MN function. Dysregulation of metabolic and regulatory pathways within the developmental process affected the MN electrophysiological responses.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1973

Regulatory Biology: Depressed Metabolic States

Exobiological aspects of depressed metabolism and thermoregulation are discussed for subsequent development of biological space flight experiments. Included is a brief description of differential hypothermia in cancer chemotherapy.

Holton, E. M.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Combinatorial transcription factor binding encodes cis -regulatory wiring of mouse forebrain GABAergic neurogenesis

Transcription factors (TFs) bind combinatorially to cis-regulatory elements, orchestrating transcriptional programs. Although studies of chromatin state and chromosomal interactions have demonstrated dynamic neurodevelopmental cis-regulatory landscapes, parallel understanding of TF interactions lags. To elucidate combinatorial TF binding driving mouse basal ganglia development, we integrated chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) for twelve TFs, H3K4me3-associated enhancer-promoter interactions, chromatin and gene expression data, and functional enhancer assays. We identified sets of putative regulatory elements with shared TF binding (TF-pRE modules) that orchestrate distinct processes of GABAergic neurogenesis and suppress other cell fates. The majority of pREs were bound by one or two TFs; however, a small proportion were extensively bound. These sequences had exceptional evolutionary conservation and motif density, complex chromosomal interactions, and activity as in vivo enhancers. Our results provide insights into the combinatorial TF-pRE interactions that activate and repress expression programs during telencephalon neurogenesis and demonstrate the value of TF binding toward modeling developmental transcriptional wiring.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Challenges in Demonstrating Safety Criteria Satisfaction for External Events under a Risk-Informed Performance-Based Framework

The NRC is currently developing 10 CFR Part 53 that would establish a technology-inclusive regulatory framework for use by applicants for new commercial advanced nuclear reactors. The new draft rule language brings new explicit regulatory requirements of the quantitative health objectives (QHOs) as a constraint on plant risk and safety criteria for the plant design, including external hazards. Historically, light water reactors (LWRs) have demonstrated satisfaction of the QHOs through the use of surrogates in the form of CDF/LERF. However, these risk surrogates are not broadly applicable for all advanced reactor types, and for advanced reactors where external events are likely to be the dominant contributor to plant risk, a direct calculation of the QHOs in terms of offsite consequence is likely necessary. While the detailed analysis of low frequency events provides insights that can help justify alternative treatments to past conservatisms, the findings are dependent on the quality and confidence associated with the analyses. The assessment of external hazards presents a unique challenge, as their potential frequency of occurrence, especially of largemagnitude events, is inherently uncertain given the long return periods in question. This paper evaluates the QHOs and their potential role as safety criteria in evaluating external event risk as it applies to advanced reactors to aid in the development of consistent and appropriate analysis methodologies.

Chen, Ben↗
DOE OSTI2023

Addressing Regulatory Challenges to Tribal Solar Deployment (Abbreviated Final Technical Report)

Tribal land in the United States represents approximately 2% of the country’s total landmass and holds more than 5% of the solar photovoltaic potential (Doris, Lopez, and Beckley 2013). Though many Tribes have explored options to install solar photovoltaic (PV) generation capacity on their land, regulatory hurdles have often prevented them from doing so. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the Midwest Tribal Energy Resources Association (MTERA) partnered on this 3-year project, Addressing Regulatory Challenges to Tribal Solar Deployment. The project sought to unlock Tribal solar potential by bringing together Tribal, regulatory, utility, and other stakeholders to articulate key barriers to Tribal solar PV adoption and develop replicable solutions.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Proposal to use the DOE-STD-3009-2014 Methodology to Prepare the Documented Safety Analysis (DSA) for Research Reactor Nuclear Facilities

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) personnel operate a low power research reactor (the Annular Core Research Reactor, or ACRR), and a zero-power critical experiment assembly referred to as CX. In accordance with 10 CFR 830, Subpart B, Appendix A, the acceptable methodology for developing a Documented Safety Analysis (DSA) for DOE nuclear reactors is the Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s (NRC’s) Regulatory Guide 1.70 (RG 1.70). RG 1.70 does not address certain areas required by 10 CFR 830 and expected by DOE (e.g., full facility hazard analysis).Thus, the current DSAs for SNL’s reactor nuclear facilities are based on RG 1.70, but also of necessity supplemented by DOE-STD-3009-94 methods. SNL personnel, in consultation with the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Sandia Field Office (SFO), have concluded that an alternate methodology is preferred to RG 1.70. The details of the proposal, and the reasons motivating its development, are discussed in the order described below. The proposed alternate methodology will be applicable to the ACRR and the CX (i.e., it will be applicable to nuclear facilities in which a reactor and/or a critical assembly will be operated).

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
NASA NTRS1992

The development of nickel-metal hydride technology for use in aerospace applications

The nickel metal hydride technology for battery application is relatively immature even though this technology was made widely known by Philips' scientists as long ago as 1970. Recently, because of the international environmental regulatory pressures being placed on cadmium in the workplace and in disposal practices, battery companies have initiated extensive development programs to make this technology a viable commercial operation. These hydrides do not pose a toxilogical threat as does cadmium. Also, they provide a higher energy density and specific energy when compared to the other nickel based battery technologies. For these reasons, the nickel metal hydride electrochemisty is being evaluated as the next power source for varied applications such as laptop computers, cellular telephones, electric vehicles, and satellites. A parallel development effort is under way to look at aerospace applications for nickel metal hydride cells. This effort is focused on life testing of small wound cells of the commercial type to validate design options and development of prismatic design cells for aerospace applications.

Rampel, Guy↗
NASA NTRS2016

Toward a Safety Risk-Based Classification of Unmanned Aircraft

There is a trend of growing interest and demand for greater access of unmanned aircraft (UA) to the National Airspace System (NAS) as the ongoing development of UA technology has created the potential for significant economic benefits. However, the lack of a comprehensive and efficient UA regulatory framework has constrained the number and kinds of UA operations that can be performed. This report presents initial results of a study aimed at defining a safety-risk-based UA classification as a plausible basis for a regulatory framework for UA operating in the NAS. Much of the study up to this point has been at a conceptual high level. The report includes a survey of contextual topics, analysis of safety risk considerations, and initial recommendations for a risk-based approach to safe UA operations in the NAS. The next phase of the study will develop and leverage deeper clarity and insight into practical engineering and regulatory considerations for ensuring that UA operations have an acceptable level of safety.

Torres-Pomales, Wilfredo↗
DOE OSTI2025

Support for Advanced Fuel Fabrication MC&A Approaches

This report summarizes the key activities of the Material Protection, Accounting, and Control Technologies (MPACT) program’s safeguards training work package for FY25. The work focused on two main areas: domestic safeguards training and the development of new technologies for nuclear material accounting and control (NMAC). A key development during this FY was the delivery of NMAC statistics for US Nuclear Regulatory Commission requirements refresher course. The course objective was to assist industry in meeting the MC&A program requirements for fuel cycle facilities; this training focused on front-end bulk fuel cycle processes. At the same time, a report was prepared on the research output of an effort that focused on the benefits of commercial fuel debundling for NMAC and waste management. The MPACT team evaluated various technologies and proposed a fuel debundling detector that integrates gamma spectroscopy and neutron detection as the most practical solution. The scope of activities under this work package for FY26 focuses on developing a fundamental nuclear material control plan, also known as MC&A plan, for tristructural isotropic (TRISO) fuel fabrication facilities. This plan will address the various NMAC requirements for facilities that handle Category II.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Active High Assurance Authentication Protocol (AHAAP)

The AHAAP Maturation Project involves maturation and evaluation of a patented zero-trust tamper-resistant high-assurance session-less dynamic and active device authentication protocol that simultaneously authenticates identity and provides integrity verification in a single step, substantially reducing the risk of cyberattack, and eliminating the need for costly and complex conventional communication security systems requirements (i.e., cryptography, Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), and key management). These cybersecurity attributes of the technology must be preserved when applying the technology to different cybersecurity solutions, including Command & Control (C&C), Over-the-Air (OTA) update, Common Access Card (CAC), and distributed energy resource (DER) implementations, among others. The technology research objective is to test and verify that the cybersecurity attributes of the technology are not degraded in different cybersecurity applications. The primary technology development objective is to build minimum viable products to demonstrate the technology addresses today’s cybersecurity threats so that prospective investors, strategic partners, regulatory agencies, and commercial customers can interact with and assess the protection assured by the technology. The AHAAP Maturation Project goal is to develop, test, and validate one or more AHAAP implementations. The AHAAP Maturation Project tasks are: (i) engineer AHAAP implementation software, (ii) build a functional prototype that implements the AHAAP software for demonstration, testing, analysis, and evaluation purposes, and (iii) generate a report detailing the results of the AHAAP C&C software and hardware implementation. The final project deliverables are: (i) AHAAP software implementation and prototype, (ii) a report from Sandia National Laboratories detailing the results of the AHAAP implementations.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2020

Nek5000 developments in support of industry and the NRC

This year, the Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling Simulation program (NEAMS) thermal-hydraulics verification and validation (V&V) work has focused in three areas of Nek5000 V&V-driven development. First, in a close collaborative effort with the U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) staff, we have continued V&V efforts for the HYMERES-2 project using the OECD/NEA sponsored testing in the PSI PANDA facility. This year’s focus of ANL-NRC collaboration involves Nek5000 setups and validation for a range of problems relevant to and including the HYMERES-2 benchmark from PSI. The primary outcome of this year efforts is a more efficient geometry and inlet modeling simplification after a careful sensitivity study of the inlet profiles and pipe geometries. The resulting modeling choice of a short recycling/fully-developed turbulent inlet is within the experimental uncertainty estimate. This finding simplifies the next step of the cross-V&V HYMERES-2 project. In addition, the ANL team continue to provide assistance to the NRC staff in the form of Nek5000 application support in general and on the use of the HPC platforms of ALCF and INL in particular. This supports the NRC’s assessment of Nek5000 for use with the NRC Blue CRAB code suite. Second, we have implemented and tested more robust model of URANS, namely the k – τ model, a variant of the k-ω model, along with other improvements to RANS Nek5000 modeling in general. Because of its demonstrated robustness and stability, the k – τ model is the only RANS model that has been implemented in the new GPU version of the Nek5000 code, nekRS. Lastly, we report the initial implementation of Jacobian-free Newton Krylov approach to the direct Newton method for steady fluid solvers aimed at acceleration of RANS modeling and at IC improvement for LES campaigns. Also leveraging the Exascale Computing Project (ECP) ANL/CEED & SMR team’s software development effort to support NEAMS problems at large scale of the advanced computing architectures, NekRS, a GPU variant of Nek5000, built on top of kernels from libParanumal using OCCA for portability, has been successfully run on the full system of Summit (4608 nodes, 27648 GPUs).

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗