The magnetosphere and magnetospheric substorm.
Geomagnetic storms described by magnetospheric substorm
Akasofu, S.-I.↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Lifetimes for low-energy protons in the outer radiation zone.
Directional differential intensities of protons injected into outer radiation zone coincident with initial phase of geomagnetic storm and monitored by OGO 3
Frank, L. A.↗
The magnetic field at the synchronous, equatorial orbit.
Magnetic field at synchronous equatorial orbit by analyzing magnetometer data recorded by ATS 1 satellite during magnetic storms, geomagnetic substorms and quiet times
Coleman, P. J., Jr.↗
Variation of geomagnetic disturbance with latitude.
Average geomagnetic storm ranges as function of latitude, noting disturbances caused by ring and ionospheric currents
Moe, K.↗
Magnetospheric convection.
Solar wind induced magnetospheric convection for interpretation of geomagnetic storms, aurora and trapped particle belts, noting electric fields
Axford, W. I.↗
Helium abundance in the solar wind.
Explorer 34 observations of hydrogen and He ions in solar wind, noting number density variations and tentative association with geomagnetic storms
Ogilvie, K. W.↗
Introduction to Ionospheric Physics
Book on ionospheric physics covering neutral atmosphere, ionospheric measurements, photochemical processes, morphology, phenomena, geomagnetism, storms, etc
Garriott, O. K.↗
On the presence of low-energy protons with energies from 5 to 50 kev in the interplanetary medium
Low energy proton distributions in interplanetary medium, correlating intensities with main-phase geomagnetic storm development
Frank, L. A.↗
A survey of interplanetary and terrestrial phenomena associated with solar flares
Solar flares associated interplanetary and terrestrial phenomena by satellite, space probe and rocket observation, investigating solar wind disturbances, geomagnetic storms, ionospheric effects, etc
Axford, W. I.↗
Interplanetary magnetic field measured by Pioneer 8 during the 25 February 1969 event
Interplanetary magnetic field measurements by Pioneer 8 during 25 February 1969 solar activity, discussing geomagnetic storms, cosmic rays, shock fronts and ionospheric disturbances
Bavassano, B.↗
Turbulent loss of ring current protons
Ring current protons turbulent diffusion in magnetospheric plasmapause, considering ion cyclotron wave lifetime and geomagnetic storms
Cornwall, J. M.↗
A three dimensional model of thermospheric - 1 - Heat input and eigenfunctions
Three dimensional thermospheric model developed from solar XUV radiation and corpuscular heating during geomagnetic storms of atmospheric system
Mayr, H. G.↗
Stormtime disturbance fields at ATS 1
Geomagnetic storm disturbance fields measurement by ATS 1 satellite compared with simultaneous low altitude observation, noting cavity sudden commencement compression effect
Coleman, P. J., Jr.↗
Magnetic field pulsations at ATS 1
Geomagnetic field measurements by ATS 1 in synchronous equatorial orbit, determining pulsations types during magnetically quiet and geomagnetic storm periods
Coleman, P. J., Jr.↗
A three dimensional model of thermospheric dynamics. I - Heat input and eigenfunctions
Thermospheric dynamics three dimensional model in terms of atmospheric system eigenfunctions, deriving formulas for solar XUV and corpuscular heating during geomagnetic storms
Mayr, H. G.↗
Asymmetric ring current at twilight local time
OGO-2 rubidium vapor magnetometer measurements comparison with surface magnetic observatory data during geomagnetic storms, considering asymmetric ring current
Langel, R. A.↗
Twilight and nighttime ionospheric temperatures from oxygen wavelengths 6300 and 5577 spectral line profiles
Fabry-Perot interferometer measurements of atomic oxygen 6300 A and 5577 A line profiles from twilight and nightglow are used to determine the neutral temperatures in F2 and E regions of the earth's ionosphere. The exospheric temperatures T sub n (infinity) determined from the 6300 A profiles are usually somewhat higher than those calculated from Jacchia's model, with differences as large as approximately 300 K noted when T sub n (infinity) = 1500 to 1600 K. The post-sunset and pre-dawn rate of change of T sub n (infinity) is often substantially larger than the Jacchia prediction. The 5577 A (E-region) measured temperatures range from 200 to 220 K on quiet nights to 500 to 600 K during geomagnetic storms.
Feibelman, W. A.↗
Locating the magnetospheric ring current
Protons are studied in the global depression of the earth's horizontal magnetic field. It is shown that 10 to 100 keV protons dominate ring current energetics in two preferred regions of cyclotron instability, which serve as stable trapping boundaries for ring current protons. The only apparent means of removing this stably trapped belt of particles are considered to be by charge exchange interactions, or by outward expansion of the plasmapause to erode the ring current. Both of these processes require about two days, which is the characteristic decay period of the main phase depression. Questions whose answers are necessary to formulate a quantitative theory of geomagnetic storms which relates main phase depression to solar wind parameters are included.
Thorne, R. M.↗