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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 451 records · Page 25
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2008

Applied Meteorology Unit (AMU) Quarterly Report Third Quarter FY-08

This report summarizes the Applied Meteorology Unit (AMU) activities for the third quarter of Fiscal Year 2008 (April - June 2008). Tasks reported on are: Peak Wind Tool for User Launch Commit Criteria (LCC), Anvil Forecast Tool in AWIPS Phase II, Completion of the Edward Air Force Base (EAFB) Statistical Guidance Wind Tool, Volume Averaged Height Integ rated Radar Reflectivity (VAHIRR), Impact of Local Sensors, Radar Scan Strategies for the PAFB WSR-74C Replacement, VAHIRR Cost Benefit Analysis, and WRF Wind Sensitivity Study at Edwards Air Force Base

Bauman, William↗
NASA NTRS2008

Ground Operations Process Escapes

Description of the processes and tools used to evaluate and report process escapes. Includes screen shots of databases used to track and report process escapes within USA, LLC,

Jones, Keith↗
NASA NTRS2018

Metrology-based Techniques for Optical System Alignment for the OSIRIS-Rx Visual and InfraRed Spectrometer

The alignment, integration, and test group (AI&T) in the optics branch at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) specializes in optical and opto-mechanical alignment and metrology for project ranging from building and testing instrument such as spectrometers and cameras to larger structures such as telescopes to large volume metrology and alignment at the observatory level for spacecraft payloads. One of the projects that involved the support of the AI&T group was the OSIRIS-Rex Visual and Infra-Red Spectrometer (OVIRS) for the Origins-Spectral Interpretation-Resource Identification-Security-Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-Rex) mission. The purpose of this report is to outline the tools, methods, and approaches to metrology utilized by the AI&T group and how they were applied specifically to the optical alignment of the elements on OVIRS during the ambient I&T phase.

Young, Jerrod↗
NASA NTRS2019

New York City Panel on Climate Change 2019 Report Chapter 1: Introduction

While urban areas like New York City and its surrounding metropolitan region are key drivers of climate change through emissions of greenhouse gases, cities are also significantly impacted by climate shifts, both chronic changes and extreme events. These are already affecting the New York metropolitan region, including the five boroughs of New York City through higher temperatures, more intense precipitation, and higher sea levels, and will increasingly do so in the coming decades. The City of New York has embarked on a flexible adaptation pathway (i.e., strategies that can evolve through time as climate risk assessment, evaluation of adaptation strategies, and monitoring continues) to respond to climate change challenges. This entails significant programs to develop resilience in communities and critical infrastructure to observed and projected changes in temperature, precipitation, and sea level. The first NPCC Report laid out the risk management framing for the city and region via flexible adaptation pathways. The second New York City Panel on Climate Change Report (NPCC2) developed the “climate projections of record” that are currently being used by the City of New York in its resilience programs . The NPCC3 2019 Report co-generates new tools and methods for the next generation of climate risk assessments and implementation of region-wide resilience. Co-generation is an interactive process by which stakeholders and scientists work together to produce climate change information that is targeted to decision-making needs. These tools and methods can be used to observe, project, and map climate extremes; monitor risks and responses; and engage with communities to develop effective programs. They are especially important at “transformation points” in the adaptation process when large changes in the structure and function of physical, ecological, and social systems of the city and region are undertaken.

Rosenzweig, Cynthia↗
DOE OSTI2022

Graphite Degradation Modeling and Analysis

A graphite component in a nuclear reactor core is subjected to variety of stresses and can experience degradation during normal and off-normal operation. Understanding how a graphite component will behave in service is essential to ensuring core structural stability and safe reactor operation. This report summarizes a graphite modeling tool currently under development at Idaho National Laboratory. The model incorporates several of the anticipated stresses during service and includes the effects of oxidation and irradiation prior to turnaround. This tool is intended to be used to help assess the design of graphite components by utilizing design code rules found in Section III, Division 5 of the American Society of Mechanical Engineering Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Specifically, the tool uses the methodologies found within the Full and Simplified assessments from Article HHA-3000 to verify that a graphite component has an acceptably low probability of failure.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2023

Energy & Materials Resource Flows

This poster presents on flows of resources that support manufacturing, including flows of energy and materials. It highlights the recent and current strategic analysis efforts such as energy and carbon footprints, case studies showing the interconnectedness between sectors and global perspective and competitiveness, NREL's Materials Flows through Industry (MFI) tool; and our big impact report on Sustainable Manufacturing and Circular Economy.

energy↗
DOE OSTI2025

Risk Analysis of Radiological Release from Pu-238 Targets During Manual Handling

Pu-238 Isotope Production Targets are routinely installed in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) core, transferred, and stored in the spent fuel canal. These evolutions involve manual handling and manipulation of the targets underwater using long handled tools. The ATR Safety Analysis Report (SAR) postulates a design basis accident which results in damage from manual manipulation of targets, and radiological consequences must be determined for receptors inside the reactor facility, as well as public receptors. This presentation presents the analysis used to determine the radiological consequences due to potential target damage in the ATR canal. The analysis considered radionuclide release fractions, damage ratios for handling evolutions, and entrainment of radionuclides in the canal water.

Advanced Test Reactor↗
DOE OSTI2023

The GammaSpec Package for Automated Gamma-ray Analysis (V.1.0)

This report describes the GammaSpec package, a tool developed to automate the analysis and comparison of gamma-ray spectra. The goal of this tool is to drastically reduce, or even eliminate, currently time consuming processes for comparing large sets of gamma-ray measurements. There are a number of potential applications for this work throughout the laboratory, but particularly within Global Security. Current work flows where large numbers of measured spectra must be compared for anomolies and outliers often consist of loading and visually inspecting individual spectra, or utilizing small-batch tools. One such example is the PeakEasy tool also developed at LANL. PeakEasy has a robust and tested feature set for calibrating, identifying, and fitting gamma-ray spectra. However it’s intention was not for batch processing and automated comparison of large numbers of spectra. This tool is not intended to replace PeakEasy in an analyzers arsenal, but to instead augment it. The intention here is to automate the isolation of spectra of particular interest, which can then be studied in further detail. This report is arranged as follows. Section 2 lays out the design goals and desired functionality of the package. Section 3 describes the algorithms developed and chosen to accomplish those goals. Section 4 describes the primary interaction with the tool, as well as it’s resulting output. Following these sections, results are presented from a set of example datasets from High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detectors in Sec. 5. Finally, the current status is summarized in Sec. 6.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
NASA NTRS2014

Scalable Asset Discovery, Vulnerability Scanning, and Penetration Testing for Remote Sites and Wireless Spectrums Utilizing an Embedded Linux Plug - PwniPlug and the Raspberry Pi B+ as a Sample Pen Test

All devices attached to the NASA KSC network are subject to security vulnerability scanning and/or penetration testing. In today's changing environment, vulnerable and/or unprotected systems can easily be overlooked. Systems that are not properly managed can become a potential threat to the operational integrity of our systems and networks. This includes all NASA (internal and external) information systems within NASA KSC Internet Protocol (IP) address space, and NASA KSC facilities. The Office of the Chief Information Officer (OCIO) recommends that all NASA Centers and information systems be subject to penetration testing on a regular interval in accordance with the guidelines identified by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). (ITS-HBK-2810.04-02A) Protecting information and equipment at NASA is an area of increasing concern. In addition to the CPU's on the network; Supervisory, Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are especially vulnerable because these systems have lacked standards, use embedded controllers with little computational power and informal software, are connected to physical processes, have few operators, and are increasingly also being connected to corporate networks. The scope of work is comprised of several individual components which together build upon previous work by Drew Branch, NASA KSC Intern. The Pwn Plug is the selected COTS (Commercial-Off-The-Shelf) device chosen to test simplification of mandatory IT Security tasks. The device will be utilized to provide services to NASA KSC and enable an assessment of infrastructure soundness and regulatory compliance in an efficient, economical, and business responsive manner. The Pwn Plug is designed as a pen testing appliance which provides a hardware platform that can support commercial penetration testing efforts at significantly reduced costs. The expected outcomes are: 1) External Penetration Testing, 2) Social Engineering, 3) Procedural Documentation, 4) Recommended Remediation Action Plan, 5) System Retest & Remediation Attestation and 6) Final Reports, out briefing and Presentation. Due to physical and material constraints beyond intern and mentor control, the project was redefined as a working pen-test scenario. Limitations of lab availability and tools dictated an academic exercise. This report was developed within the scenario guidelines suggested by the project mentor. The guidelines were to be creative in developing a Pen Test program for a client.

Penetration Testing↗
NASA NTRS2016

Development of Methods of Increasing Terminal Flexibility and Control Authority: Option Year 1 Final Report

The focus of the NRA contract is to develop a What-if Analysis Tool for planning Departure Management Programs (DMP) at airports. This final report summarizes the work conducted throughout the option year, with a focus on use case specification for the what-if analysis capability and the implementation of the What-if Analysis Tool and its application to traffic and weather scenarios at Charlotte Douglas International Airport (CLT).

Departure Management Programs (DMP)↗
NASA NTRS2003

Propel: Tools and Methods for Practical Source Code Model Checking

The work reported here is an overview and snapshot of a project to develop practical model checking tools for in-the-loop verification of NASA s mission-critical, multithreaded programs in Java and C++. Our strategy is to develop and evaluate both a design concept that enables the application of model checking technology to C++ and Java, and a model checking toolset for C++ and Java. The design concept and the associated model checking toolset is called Propel. It builds upon the Java PathFinder (JPF) tool, an explicit state model checker for Java applications developed by the Automated Software Engineering group at NASA Ames Research Center. The design concept that we are developing is Design for Verification (D4V). This is an adaption of existing best design practices that has the desired side-effect of enhancing verifiability by improving modularity and decreasing accidental complexity. D4V, we believe, enhances the applicability of a variety of V&V approaches; we are developing the concept in the context of model checking. The model checking toolset, Propel, is based on extending JPF to handle C++. Our principal tasks in developing the toolset are to build a translator from C++ to Java, productize JPF, and evaluate the toolset in the context of D4V. Through all these tasks we are testing Propel capabilities on customer applications.

Mansouri-Samani, Massoud↗
DOE OSTI2022

Cross-Cutting Metrology Tools for In Operando Characterization of Carrier Dynamics in Photovoltaic Devices (Final Technical Report)

Understanding the nature of recombination and its dependence on defects and interfaces is essential for engineering materials and contacts for higher V oc and photovoltaic (PV) efficiency. Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) has conventionally been used to evaluate recombination, but not all materials are strongly emissive or otherwise suitable. Time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy is a pump – probe method that presents valuable complementary information, wherein an optical pump pulse photoexcites carriers within the absorber and the transient photoconductivity is probed with a terahertz pulse. Until now, experimental constraints have prohibited the use of terahertz probes to interrogate full device stacks, and measurements were instead made on exfoliated films or films grown on unconventional substrates. However, interfaces are critical to the behavior of photoexcited carriers in solar cells, and the substrates themselves often influence the film growth and bulk properties. Therefore, it is important to probe the behavior of PV absorbers as close as possible to their normal operating conditions. Here we have developed cross-cutting metrology that enable in operando characterization of carrier dynamics and recombination mechanisms in working PV devices. Through a combination of complementary non-contact TRTS and TRPL experiments and modeling, we have obtained key parameters including photoexcited carrier bulk lifetime and interface and back surface recombination velocities with greater precision and accuracy than can be achieved with conventional TRPL alone. By varying pulsed photoexcitation conditions, the contributions of interface and bulk recombination mechanisms can be determined. We have developed and refined this characterization approach by investigating CdTe PVs, which is a well-established technology but with significant margin for further improvements in efficiency. Results were published in Journal of Applied Physics (DOI: 10.1063/5.0064730) and Proceedings of the IEEE PVSC (DOI: 10.1109/PVSC43889.2021.9518559). After validating the approach, we have applied it to correlate recombination rates to processing conditions and material properties, including composition and defects as well as interfaces and surface treatments. Such feedback can inform processing and design choices to enable higher PV efficiency, not only for CdTe, but also CdSe x Te 1-x , CIGS, perovskites, kesterites, and future technologies. A perspective on predicting solar cell performance from terahertz spectroscopy was published in Advanced Energy Materials (DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202102776). The cross-cutting metrology tools developed here will enable determination of the locus and mechanism of performance-limiting recombination in thin film PV devices. This feedback can guide the engineering of PV devices with higher V oc and efficiency, thereby leading to reductions in levelized cost of electricity to meet the SunShot 2030 target of $0.03/kWh for utility-scale PV. Lower costs will enable rapid expansion of renewable electricity generation that is nearly free of carbon emissions. Reducing carbon emissions of the electricity sector is one of the most important solutions to climate change. The project’s specific focus on CdTe PV can benefit First Solar, the US company that is the global leader in CdTe technology, through both technology and workforce development.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Development of Dry Cask Risk Tools

The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has repeatedly expressed a desire to increase the use of risk in its decision-making. The Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) Policy Statement published in 1995 formalized the Commission’s commitment to risk-informed regulation through the expanded use of PRA. While a great deal of work has been done to incorporate risk insights into the regulatory framework for at-power nuclear reactors. Far less progress has been made to risk inform the dry-casks and nuclear waste transportation areas of the nuclear fuel cycle. INL was tasked with incorporating the information from the two completed dry cask PRAs as well as any additional available information into a tool that helps the NRC use those insights to identify levels of risk at various stages in the nuclear waste cycle. The first task was to address the License Amendment Request (LAR) Process for Dry Cask storage, the second task is for the incorporate transportation into the tool, and the third and final task will be incorporate any additional regulatory applications for dry cask storage. This report covers the first task of the tool and will eventually incorporate the remaining two tasks may be completed in the future and built off the model described here. Task 1 specifically asked to incorporate the risk insights into the process for determining and prioritizing review of license amendment changes related to storage applications by outlining a resource allocation strategy and defining recommendations of for the depth and breadth of the LAR review. It was requested that the tool be similar in design to the SDP notebooks/worksheets and contain quantitative, qualitative, or semi-quantitative approaches to assessing the risk of the change. The final tool that was selected by INL to be developed was a flowchart and associated rationale document that allows the reviewer to quickly assess potential LAR changes and their associated risks as well as the rationale behind the risk categorization. This risk categorization will lead to specific actionable recommendations to expect from a change of that specific category. This allows for a more consistent review process as well as improving the overall efficiency of the review itself.

98 NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL P↗
DOE OSTI2022

GIS-Based Graphical User Interface Tools for Analyzing Solar Thermal Desalination Systems & High-Potential Implementation

This project developed a user-friendly, open-source, software that enables a comparative evaluation of solar thermal desalination technology options and employs geospatial data layers to identify regions of high-potential for solar thermal desalination. This was accomplished by integrating solar models with desalination models and enhancing their utility by providing GIS-based data inputs. The developed Solar Energy Desalination Analysis Tool (SEDAT) enables techno-economical evaluation of desalination technologies and selection of regions with the highest potential for using solar energy to power desalination plants. It simplifies the planning, design, and valuation of solar thermal and solar hybrid desalination systems in the U.S. and worldwide. SEDAT uses Dash for integrating various layers of large volumes of GIS data with Python-based models of solar energy generation and desalination technologies. It derives time-series of energy generation and water production, with details of plant performance and suggestions for improving the solar-desalination coupling. It is a one of-a-kind tool of analysis representing a definitive advancement in the state-of-the-art. Of solar desalination modeling This report summarizes the various phases of the tool’s development, and presents examples of the results.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS2011

Software Users Manual (SUM): Extended Testability Analysis (ETA) Tool

This software user manual describes the implementation and use the Extended Testability Analysis (ETA) Tool. The ETA Tool is a software program that augments the analysis and reporting capabilities of a commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) testability analysis software package called the Testability Engineering And Maintenance System (TEAMS) Designer. An initial diagnostic assessment is performed by the TEAMS Designer software using a qualitative, directed-graph model of the system being analyzed. The ETA Tool utilizes system design information captured within the diagnostic model and testability analysis output from the TEAMS Designer software to create a series of six reports for various system engineering needs. The ETA Tool allows the user to perform additional studies on the testability analysis results by determining the detection sensitivity to the loss of certain sensors or tests. The ETA Tool was developed to support design and development of the NASA Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle. The diagnostic analysis provided by the ETA Tool was proven to be valuable system engineering output that provided consistency in the verification of system engineering requirements. This software user manual provides a description of each output report generated by the ETA Tool. The manual also describes the example diagnostic model and supporting documentation - also provided with the ETA Tool software release package - that were used to generate the reports presented in the manual

Maul, William A.↗
DOE OSTI2022

Genetic tools to optimize lignocellulose conversion in anaerobic fungi and interrogate their genomes. Final Report

The project advances the development of anaerobic fungi, emerging model organisms for the deconstruction and conversion of untreated lignocellulosic feedstocks. Anaerobic fungi are native to the digestive tracts of large ruminants that are central to lignocellulose degradation, degrading more than 50% of the biomass by weight with similar efficiency regardless of lignin composition, which can inhibit other fungi.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Puerto Rico Energy Efficiency Scenario Analysis Tool (PREESAT)

The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) developed the Puerto Rico Energy Efficiency Scenario Analysis Tool (PREESAT) to allow stakeholders to estimate the long-term aggregate electricity consumption impacts of various energy efficiency measures in Puerto Rico’s residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. PREESAT is an energy accounting framework that addresses electricity use. This report provides an overview of the tool and serves as a user manual with instructions for users.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗