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At least 451 records · Page 25
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

From Here to There - Bird's Eye Perspective on Grant Lifecycle and Administration

“What gets measured gets done ”or “measure it to manage it”. The statements have become matter of fact. However, measurement (and even metrics) alone cannot fully communicate an organization’s story without the point of accountability. As a dynamic org, we must measure what is necessary, using the appropriate lenses to analyze the most relevant information that allows robust decision-making. A key function of Program Planning and Control (PP&C) is to assist HRP in the development of such strategy that ensures the proper execution of program research goals. With introspection of the Technical Officer role as defined by 2 CFR(i.e., Part 200, Part 1800)and subsequent governance under the NASA Grant and Cooperative Agreement Manual (GCAM), we’ve realized an obvious disconnect among Principal Investigator’s (PI),technical communication with the elements and some of the administrative/fiduciary requirements that should run parallel to the science work. This find has introduced new program risks as evidenced through incomplete deliverables or other less-than-successful requirements through the lifecycle for work we fund. One solution the Grants Technical Officer proposes is for PP&C to share in the communication with stakeholders of grants administration much earlier in the award process in attempt to reduce programmatic risks; particularly in data, reporting and performance management. As such, the planned IWS 2022 session will focus on(plenary) topics that include (1) definition of the grant lifecycle, (2) anatomy of a grant(NF1687 the award document), and (3)performance measurement/post-award monitoring. As HH&P pursues its strategic objectives to evolve the directorate into a data rich and knowledge rich organization, it has become increasingly important to develop the multiple levels of insight across the program to ensure data and other reporting(qualitative/quantitative), alongside proper administration. And the desired outcome is to make certain HRP meets/exceeds the accountability standard that our research information is received, maintained and accessible in posterity.

Lucy D Barnes-Moten↗
DOE OSTI2023

Fluoride-Cooled High-Temperature Pebble-Bed Reactor Reference Plant Model

In this report we present work performed in Fiscal Year 2022 that demonstrates the modeling and simulation of a fully coupled neutronics thermal hydraulics reference plant model for a fluoride-cooled high-temperature pebble-bed reactor. The multiphysics model is developed on the Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s Comprehensive Reactor Analysis Bundle (BlueCRAB) available on the Idaho National Laboratory’s high-performance computer, which natively and seamlessly couples Griffin, Pronghorn, and the BISON Multiphysics Object-Oriented Simulation Environment based applications. Griffin provides reactor physics capabilities, including depletion to the equilibrium core, k-eigenvalue, adjoint, and transient. The unique direct equilibrium core capability in Griffin is based on a streamline methodology to spatially deplete the pebbles into burnup groups. Pronghorn solves the porous medium equations for the fluid regions and conduction in the solid regions and incorporates a fluidic diode model to simulate the transition from forced to natural convection during accident scenarios. MOOSE modules solves thermal conduction problems for the pebbles and tristructural isotropic in the pebble-bed core, thus providing the fuel and moderator spatial fields for each pebble burnup group. The neutronics feedback relies primarily on fuel, moderator, and reflector temperatures as as well as the FLiBe salt density. Here, we present results for the uncoupled equilibrium core and perform comparisons to equivalent Monte Carlo models. The power distributions and kinetic parameters obtained with Griffin are consistent with those computed with Griffin. We demonstrate a noticeable improvement with the use of discrete ordinates method (SN) transport. The coupled steady-state equilibrium core provides the initial condition for two time-dependent problems: a control rod withdrawal event and an unprotected loss of flow event. In both cases, the reactor design is self-stabilizing and the solutions are consistent with the expected physics. Although this model is prototypical regarding BlueCRAB’s capabilities, its results are consistent with published work by Kairos Power and other research entities. Significant improvements to the model are planned in future work.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Performance Assessment for the Disposal of Low-Level Waste in the 200 West Area Burial Grounds (Annual Summary Report - FY 23)

This annual review provides the projected dose estimates of radionuclide inventories disposed in the 200 West Area Low-Level Waste Burial Grounds (LLBGs) since September 26, 1988. All the trenches in these burial grounds except two have remained inactive since 2005. The only active trenches that continue to receive low-level and mixed low-level waste are Trenches 31 and 34 that are located in the southern portion of the 218-W-5 Burial Ground. During this reporting period (fiscal year 2023, from October 1, 2022, through September 30, 2023), waste was disposed in these two trenches.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2024

Performance Assessment for the Disposal of Low-Level Waste in the 200 East Area Burial Grounds (Annual Summary Report - FY 23)

This annual review provides the projected dose estimates of radionuclide inventories disposed in the 200 East Area Low-Level Waste Burial Grounds (LLBGs) since September 26, 1988. All trenches in these burial grounds except one have remained inactive since 2005. Trench 94 located in 218-E-12B Burial Ground is the only active trench that is dedicated for disposal of U.S. Navy reactor compartments. During this reporting period (fiscal year 2023, from October 1, 2022, through September 30, 2023), no reactor compartments were disposed in Trench 94.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2024

Carbon Dioxide Removal Systems Analysis

This presentation was prepared for the 2024 Carbon Management Project Review Meeting. The slides summerize recent NETL systems analysis work examining carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies. Specifically, the slides present preliminary results from an update to NETL’s 2022 “Direct Air Capture Case Studies: Sorbent System” report and screening level techno-economic analyses (TEA) and life cycle assessments (LCA) of enhanced rock weathering and marine CDR technologies. Other completed, ongoing, and upcoming NETL TEA, LCA and markets analysis work are also highlighted.

Homsy, Sally↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Global Surface Skin Temperature Monitoring from Satellites

Surface skin temperature has been retrieved from IASI measurements. Monthly and spatially gridded surface skin temperature is produced to show some phenomena of its natural variability, which is also reflected in the surface emissivity and/or soil moisture derived from the same time series of measurements. The anomalies of surface skin temperature are used to estimate its trend. Error estimation and/or evaluation has been performed and discussed to understand the uncertainty in the trends. The trend of IASI global surface skin temperature is compared with that of NASA GISS global surface air temperature. Despite the physical differences between surface skin and air temperatures, agreement is shown between these two datasets indicating consistency and global surface warming during the past 15 years. The trend of IASI global surface skin temperature reports a positive increase has evolved during 2007–2022. This warming trend is more pronounced in the northern hemisphere. Retrieving, analyzing, and monitoring surface parameters from such advanced hyperspectral infrared sounders will continue.

global warming↗
DOE OSTI2022

Durable Module Materials Consortium (DuraMAT) FY 2021 Annual Report: New Results and a Renewed Consortium

The Durable Module Materials Consortium (DuraMAT) is a multi-lab consortium led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, with Sandia National Laboratories, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory as core research labs. DuraMAT's overarching goal is to discover, develop, de-risk, and enable the rapid commercialization of improved materials, designs, predictive tests, and models for photovoltaic (PV) modules that increase performance, extend lifetime, and enable new applications. Technical results are highlighted throughout this report, and the new projects awarded for FY 2022 address many of the challenges to making 50-year, high-energy-yield modules that were identified in these working groups.

backsheet↗
DOE OSTI2022

Reduced Order Models Generation for HTGRs Pebble Shuffling Procedure Optimization Studies

This report provides an initial study for producing reduced-order models (ROMs) of pebble-bed high temperature gas reactor (HTGR) models for the purposes of design optimization. As an initial study, this work is meant to be exploratory---identifying useful workflows and methods for ROM generation---and not meant to be a catch-all analysis of HTGR ROM generation and usage for optimization. This report summarizes three tasks performed in Fiscal Year 2022: 1) the creation of HTGR model, 2) the sensitivity analysis of model design parameters, and 3) an introduction to ROM generation techniques. The representative HTGR model created in this work is a multiphysics equilibrium-core using the BlueCRAB (comprehensive reactor analysis bundle) reactor analysis application, coupling four physical phenomena: neutronics, streamline depletion, porous flow thermal hydraulics, and pebble heat conduction. Part of the model creation was identifying some design parameters and quantities of interest that are relevant in an optimization analysis and adjustable in the model. The sensitivity analysis utilized a polynomial chaos expansion methodology to compute global sensitivity metrics. This analysis showed that thermal hydraulics parameters and quantities of interest had a relatively small impact on simulation results. Finally, the ROM generation work involved exploring three different ROM methodologies: polynomial regression, a Gaussian process, and artificial neural networks. Using a cross-validation technique to characterize ROM performance, the Gaussian process and single-layer artificial neural networks showed the most promising results. Overall, this study was insightful and the lessons learned will be invaluable for the eventual development of an HTGR design optimization workflow.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Summary of US DOE R&D Activities on Graphite Oxidation (2006–2021)

The objective of the international collaboration between United States Department of Energy (U.S.-DOE) and Generation IV International Forum (GIF) is the development of the next generation of nuclear energy systems. The current GIF Project Arrangement (PA) on Materials (2018-2022) was revised in 2019 and extended for another 10 years (2020-2030). The Work Package 1 (“Graphite”) of the extended Project Plan (PP) on Materials specifies technical tasks and High Level Deliverables for research and development (R&D) activities related to using graphite in fuel elements, reflectors, and support structures of Very High Temperature Reactors (VHTR). The graphite tasks include specification and acquisition, qualification and development of new grades, characterization of properties, and development of behavior models. Specifically, Task 1.4 (“Graphite Oxidation Behavior”) outlines planned activities related to acute oxidation by air and chronic oxidation by impurities in the helium coolant. A final report on experimental data regarding graphite oxidation behavior is scheduled for 2022 (deliverable 3.1.1.4.a). In preparation of this deliverable, this document summarizes the R&D activities funded by U.S.-DOE from 2006 (the inception of the VHTR system arrangement) through present (2021). This report is being submitted to the GIF Graphite Working Group (GWG) to serve as input for the GWG high-level deliverable to the Project Management Board (PMB) of PA on Materials. Besides U.S.-DOE, other organizations participating to Task 1.4 of the current PA on Materials are: European Commission’s Joint Research Center (JRC), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), and Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA). U.S.-DOE is the main contributor on graphite oxidation R&D, with 85 % commitment of total funding during 2018-2022.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Residential Solar-Adopter Income and Demographic Trends: 2023 Update [Slides]

The report describes income, demographic, and other socio-economic trends among U.S. residential rooftop solar adopters. The report is based on address-level data for roughly 3.4 million residential rooftop solar systems installed through 2022, representing 86% of all U.S. systems. With its unique size, geographic scope, and level of detail, this report is intended to serve as a foundational reference document for policy-makers, industry stakeholders, and researchers. Key findings include the following: (1) Median solar adopter income was about $\$117$k/year in 2022, compared to a U.S. median of about $\$69$k/year for all households and $\$86$k/year for all owner-occupied households; (2) The degree of income skew varies significantly across all states, but all exhibit some positive income skew relative to all households in the state, with median solar-adopter incomes ranging from 108-180% of the respective state-median income for all households; (3) Roughly 45% of solar adopters in 2022 had incomes below 120% of their area median income (AMI), a threshold sometimes used to define “low-and-moderate income” (or LMI), while 23% were below 80% of AMI, often used to define “low-income”; (4) Solar adoption continues to shift toward less affluent households, with the median current income of solar adopters dropping from $\$140$k for households that installed systems in 2010 to $\$117$k in 2022; (5) PV systems installed in 2022 by households earning less than $50k had a median size of 6.1 kW, 34% were third-party owned, and 5% included battery storage, compared to corresponding values of 7.6%, 17%, and 15% for households earning more than 200 dollars k; and (6) Compared to all households in their respective state, solar adopters tend to be negligibly more rural; have higher home values; and are more likely to be college educated, identify as non-Hispanic white, live outside a disadvantaged community (DAC), be middle-aged, work in a business or financial occupation, and own a single-family home In conjunction with the report, Berkeley Lab has published an updated accompanying set of online data visualizations that allow users to further explore the underlying data. Berkeley Lab is also offering related analytical support to states, local agencies, and other organizations on issues related to solar adoption among low-to-moderate income households.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS2021

The 2022 Meteor Shower Activity Forecast for Low Earth Orbit

The purpose of this document is to provide a forecast of major meteor shower activity in low Earth orbit (LEO). The annual showers are expected to display typical activity, with lower than usual activity from the Perseids. Some modelers report possible outbursts of the tau Herculid and Leonid showers in 2022, but there is no consensus on the strength of these outbursts.

Althea Moorhead↗
NASA NTRS2022

Wilson Corners Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU) 001: 2021 Annual Long-Term Monitoring Report, Kennedy Space Center, Florida

This report presents a summary of the long-term monitoring (LTM) activities that occurred in 2021 at Wilson Corners, Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU) 001, at Kennedy Space Center (KSC), Florida. The site is monitored under KSC’s Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Corrective Action Program. Adaptive site management is being utilized through ongoing assessment, design, and interim measures (IM). Annual LTM of the groundwater is also being conducted at the site. This approach also meets the requirements of Chapter 62-780, Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.). The goal of LTM at this site is threefold: to determine groundwater flow characteristics, monitor the downgradient concentration trends, and monitor select locations internal to the groundwater plume. Every 5 years, upgradient and side-gradient monitoring wells are sampled to verify delineation. The last time this was performed was in 2015. The sampling of these wells in 2020 was replaced with the direct push technology (DPT) investigations completed in October 2020 and April 2021. This DPT groundwater data was presented in an Advance Data Package (ADP) in September 2021 and discussed in the Implementation Work Plan (IWP) dated November 2021 for installation of an air sparge (AS) system. Based on results from groundwater sampling activities performed during the previous reporting period, including the 2020 and 2021 DPT groundwater sampling, it was determined that the LTM sampling plan was no longer meeting the goal of LTM because delineation was not verified. The 2021 LTM sampling plan was modified to include the sampling of monitoring wells located around the perimeter of the low concentration plume (LCP); the area with concentrations of contaminants of concern [COCs] greater than Groundwater Cleanup Target Levels [GCTLs]), and sampling of 10 monitoring wells proposed for installation (April 2021 KSC Remediation Team (KSCRT) Meeting, Decision 2104-D32). The modified LTM plan received team consensus at the September 2021 KSCRT Meeting (Decision Number 2109-D03), and sampling of the existing monitoring wells was completed in December 2021. The proposed monitoring wells are planned for installation in late 2022, concurrent with ongoing IM construction activities. December 2021 LTM data was presented at the May 2022 KSCRT Meeting, and activities are summarized in this report. The activities presented in this report include the December 2021 groundwater gauging of 42 monitoring wells and sampling of 44 monitoring wells. During the December 2021 event, the low flow sampling method was used, and samples were analyzed for a select list of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (Freon 113). The following conclusions can be made based on the 2021 LTM results: - In December 2021, groundwater flow for the site was generally to the west at all intervals. This is generally consistent with historical observations at the site, with the exception of a southwest and southeast flow component observed at 34 to 48 feet below land surface (bls). - The vertical extent of VOCs was historically delineated by monitoring wells screened greater than 48 feet bls. The results from the two vertical extent monitoring wells, WILC-MW0078 (screened 65 to 70 feet bls) and WILC-MW0130 (screened 56 to 66 feet bls) that were sampled during the 2021 LTM indicate that groundwater vinyl chloride (VC) concentrations in both wells were greater than the GCTL. The Remediation Team has previously agreed to delay deeper DPT investigations in this area to prevent the creation of additional pathways for vertical migration. - The LCP continues to extend both horizontally, predominantly to the west, and vertically beyond the current monitoring well network, with some retraction observed to the southeast. Evaluation of this data combined with data from the 2020 and 2021 DPT sampling event indicate that the LCP encompasses an estimated 20.7 acres based on an expanded sampling area, as compared to the 2020 LCP footprint of 17.0 acres. - Freon 113 was not detected above GCTLs during the 2021 LTM event. Based on groundwater sampling activities performed in 2021, including April 2021 DPT groundwater sampling, the following recommendations are provided: - Perform the next LTM sampling event, targeted to occur in 2023, concurrently with the IM baseline sampling prior to AS system installation; - Include sampling from nine monitoring wells that are planned to be installed in late 2022, concurrent with upcoming IM construction activities. Installation of one deep vertical well, screened 70 to 80 feet bls, will be delayed to prevent the creation of an additional pathway for vertical migration; - Continue to sample under the modified annual LTM plan as presented in Table 4-1 concurrently with IM baseline sampling; and - Once the AS system install and start-up is complete, select monitoring wells from the LTM program will transition into the performance monitoring plan, and LTM will be temporarily discontinued. Performance monitoring will be performed quarterly, and the monitoring well network will be evaluated following the first performance monitoring sampling event.

long-term monitoring (LTM)↗
DOE OSTI2023

MCNP6 Developments: A 2022-23 Year in Review [Slides]

A separate MCNP6.3 V&V document reports on all the default calculations for all test suites is touched on. This report does not include the subcritical multiplication benchmark suite. After some additional clean-up and finalizing the post-processing and documentation steps, the subcritical multiplication benchmark suite will be released in the next version of our vnvstats repository. We tested the new HDF5 PTRAC feature in MCNP6.3 and found encouraging outcomes. Identical results coming out of the simulation with respect to the legacy PTRAC results. The overall runtime for all simulations is reduced by ~20% with the new HDF5 PTRAC capability. We consider giving the new HDF5 PTRAC features a try and using it for all subcritical multiplication and any other relevant (PTRAC) calculations.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Gordon Research Conference Technical Report

This grant supported travel and conference fees for participants in the 2022 Gordon Research Conference (GRC) and Gordon Research Seminar (GRS) on Rock Deformation. The theme of the conference was “Combining Laboratory Measurements with Observational Constraints to Understand Tectonic Processes”, which focused on how to scale up observations from laboratory experiments to tectonic processes. Dan Faulkner (Univ. of Liverpool) was the GRC chair and Heather Savage (UC Santa Cruz) was the vice chair. The GRS was run by Carolyn Tewksbury-Christle and Taka Kanaya. The majority of the funds from this grant supported early career researchers.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Hawai'i Pathways to Decarbonization: Act 238, Session Laws of Hawai'i 2022

Act 238 mandated the Hawaii State Energy Office (HSEO) generate a report analyzing the pathways to achieve state and economy-wide 50% emissions reductions from 2005 levels by 2030 and net zero emissions by 2045. NREL supported HSEO in analyzing the electric sector impacts of these decarbonization pathways by performing a capacity expansion modeling analysis for the Oahu, Hawai'i island, Kaua'i, Maui, Moloka'i, and Lana'i island electric grids. NREL used the Engage capacity expansion modeling tool and PRAS resource adequacy tool to perform these analysis.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2023

The 2022 High-energy Outburst and Radio Disappearing Act of the Magnetar 1E 1547.0–5408

We report the radio and high-energy properties of a new outburst from the radio-loud magnetar 1E 1547.0–5408. Following the detection of a short burst from the source with Swift-BAT on 2022 April 7, observations by NICER detected an increased flux peaking at (6.0 ± 0.4) × 10 –11 erg s –1 cm –2 in the soft X-ray band, falling to a baseline level of 1.7 × 10 –11 erg s –1 cm –2 over a 17 day period. Joint spectroscopic measurements by NICER and NuSTAR indicated no change in the hard nonthermal tail despite the prominent increase in soft X-rays. Observations at radio wavelengths with Murriyang, the 64 m Parkes radio telescope, revealed that the persistent radio emission from the magnetar disappeared at least 22 days prior to the initial Swift-BAT detection and was redetected two weeks later. Such behavior is unprecedented in a radio-loud magnetar, and may point to an unnoticed slow rise in the high-energy activity prior to the detected short bursts. Finally, our combined radio and X-ray timing revealed the outburst coincided with a spin-up glitch, where the spin frequency and spin-down rate increased by 0.2 ± 0.1 μHz and (–2.4 ± 0.1) × 10 –12 s –2 , respectively. A linear increase in the spin-down rate of (–2.0 ± 0.1) × 10 –19 s –3 was also observed over 147 days of postoutburst timing. Our results suggest that the outburst may have been associated with a reconfiguration of the quasi-polar field lines, likely signaling a changing twist, accompanied by spatially broader heating of the surface and a brief quenching of the radio signal, yet without any measurable impact on the hard X-ray properties.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Cation Data for the East River Watershed, Colorado (2014-2025)

This data package contains mean values for cation concentration for water samples taken from the East River Watershed in Colorado. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been used to measure the concentrations of elements of interest simultaneously for the East River Watershed, Colorado groundwater and surface water samples to inform insights on the biogeochemistry processes within the watershed. The East River is part of the Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (WFSFA) located in the Upper Colorado River Basin, United States. For samples collected prior to 06-16-2021, the instrumentation, Elan DRC II, PerkinElmer SCIEX, automatically switches among the three models necessary to analyze all 37 elements. These 37 elements include: (1) Lithium (Li), Beryllium (Be), Boron (B), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminium (Al), Silicon (Si), Phosphorus (P), Titanium (Ti), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Germanium (Ge), Arsenic (As), Rubidium (Rb), Strontium (Sr), Zirconium (Zr), Molybdenum (Mo), Silver (Ag), Cadmium (Cd), Tin (Sn), Antimony (Sb), Caesium (Cs), Barium (Ba), Europium (Eu), Lead (Pb), Thorium (Th), Uranium (U) using standard model, argon Ar as reaction gas, (2) Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Vanadium (V), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe) using dynamic reaction cell (DRC) model, ammonia NH3 as reaction gas, and (3) Phosphorus (P) and Selenium (Se) using DRC model, oxygen O2 as reaction gas. Note for the samples with higher concentrations of chloride (Cl-), asenic (As) concentrations were analysed with DRC model (oxygen O2 as reaction gas) to avoid the interference of chloride. For samples collected on and after 06-16-2021, an advanced Agilent 8900 triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry system (Agilent 8900 QQQ ICP-MS, Agilent Technologies) has been used to measure the concentrations of interested 36 elements simultaneously for environmental samples, including (1) Lithium (Li), Beryllium (Be) and Boron (B) using standard no gas mode, (2) Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminium (Al) Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Germanium (Ge), Arsenic (As), Rubidium (Rb), Strontium (Sr), Zirconium (Zr), Molybdenum (Mo), Silver (Ag), Cadmium (Cd), Tin (Sn), Antimony (Sb), Cesium (Cs), Barium (Ba), Europium (Eu), Lead (Pb), Thorium (Th) and Uranium (U) using standard helium (He) collision mode, (3) Titanium (Ti) and Vanadium (V) using high Energy (HEHe) helium (He) collision mode, and (4) Silicon (Si), Calcium (Ca) and Selenium (Se) using standard H2 reaction mode. All samples were prepared/diluted with 2% (v/v) ultrapure nitric acid in Milli-Q water (18.2 mega ohm-cm), and analyzed under a rigorous quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) process. This data package contains (1) a zip file (cation_data_2014_2025.zip) containing a total of 5,849 files: 5.848 data files of cation data from across the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (SFA) which is reported in .csv files per location and a locations.csv (1 file) with latitude and longitude for each location; (2) a file-level metadata (v6_20260901_flmd.csv) file that lists each file contained in the dataset with associated metadata; (3) a data dictionary (v6_20260901_dd.csv) file that contains terms/column_headers used throughout the files along with a definition, units, and data type; (4) PDF and docx files for the detemination of Method Detection Limits (MDLs) for ICP-MS PerkinElmer DRC II instrumentation (Detemination_of_Method_Detection_Limits__MDLs__for_ICP_MS__PerkinElmer_Elan_DRC_II__LBL_Bldg74_Lab214D) for samples before November 2021; (5) PDF and docx files for the determination of MDLs for ICP-MS Agilent 8900 QQQ instrumentation (ICP_MS_Analysis_detection_limits_and_QA_QC_WenmingDong_updated_2026-08-06) for samples November 2021 and onward. Missing values within the anion data files are noted as either "-9999" or "0.0" for not detectable (N.D.) data. There are a total of 113 locations containing cation data. Update on 2021-04-11: Added Detemination of Method Detection Limits (MDLs) for ICP-MS document, which can be accessed as a PDF or with Microsoft Word. Update on 2022-06-10: versioned updates to this dataset was made along with these changes: (1) updated cation data for all locations up to 2021-12-31, (2) removal of units from column headers in datafiles, (3) added row underneath headers to contain units of variables, (4) removed suffix and prefix on two variables (“aqberylliumion_asberyllium” and “aqlithiumion_aslithium”), (5) added -9999 for empty numerical cells, and (6) the addition of the file-level metadata (flmd.csv) and data dictionary (dd.csv) were added to comply with the File-Level Metadata Reporting Format. Update on 2022-09-09: Updates were made to reporting format specific files (file-level metadata and data dictionary) to correct swapped file names, add additional details on metadata descriptions on both files, add a header_row column to enable parsing, and add version number and date to file names (v2_20220909_flmd.csv and v2_20220909_dd.csv). Update on 2023-08-08: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. New available anion data was added, up until 2023-01-05. The file level metadata and data dictionary files were updated to reflect the additional data added. Update on 2024-03-11: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. New available anion data was added, up until 2023-10-16. Further, revisions to the data files were made to remove incorrect data points (from 1970 and 2001). The reporting format specific files were updated to reflect the additional data added. Updated versions of the PDF and docx files for determination of MDLs for ICP-MS data were added to this dataset for samples starting in November 2021. Update on 2025-05-15: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. New available cation data was added, up until the end of WY2024 (September 30, 2024). International Generic Sample Numbers (IGSNs), when registered, were added to the data files. The reporting format specific files were updated to reflect the additional data added. Update on 2026-09-01: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. New available cation data was added, up until the end of WY2025 (September 30, 2025). Updated versions, as of 2026-08-06, of the PDF and docx files for determination of MDLs for ICP-MS data were added to this dataset for samples starting in November 2021.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Medication abortion via digital health in the United States: a systematic scoping review

Digital health, including telemedicine, has increased access to abortion care. The convenience, flexibility of appointment times, and ensured privacy to abortion users may make abortion services via telemedicine preferable. This scoping review systematically mapped studies conducted on abortion services via telemedicine, including their effectiveness and acceptability for abortion users and providers. All published papers included abortion services via telemedicine in the United States were considered. Articles were searched in PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar databases in September 2022. The findings were synthesized narratively, and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines were used to report this study. Out of 757 retrieved articles, 33 articles were selected based on the inclusion criteria. These studies were published between 2011 and 2022, with 24 published in the last 3 years. The study found that telemedicine increased access to abortion care in the United States, especially for people in remote areas or those worried about stigma from in-person visits. The effectiveness of abortion services via telemedicine was comparable to in-clinic visits, with 6% or fewer abortions requiring surgical intervention. Both care providers and abortion seekers expressed positive perceptions of telemedicine-based abortion services. However, abortion users reported mixed emotions, with some preferring in-person visits. The most common reasons for choosing telemedicine included the distance to the abortion clinic, convenience, privacy, cost, flexibility of appointment times, and state laws imposing waiting periods or restrictive policies. Telemedicine offered a preferable option for abortion seekers and providers. The feasibility of accessing abortion services via telemedicine in low-resource settings needs further investigation.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗