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At least 451 records · Page 25

FRMAC Assessment Manual Volume 3 - Pre-Assessed Default Scenarios

This volume of the Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC) Assessment Manual was developed to serve as a quick-start guide to expedite response for pre-assessed scenarios before event-specific information becomes available. The objective of Volume 3 is to provide dose assessors with the scenario-specific protective action guidance questions likely to be asked at the start of a response, along with supporting technical information and assumptions that differ from the default assumptions defined in Volume 2 of the Assessment Manual.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗

FRMAC Assessment Manual Volume 1 - Assessment Division Operations

In the event of a major radiological incident or accident, the Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC) will coordinate the federal agencies that have various statutory responsibilities and/or capabilities for responding to such incidents (Ref. FRMAC10). The FRMAC is responsible for coordinating all environmental radiological monitoring, sampling, and assessment activities for the response. For less severe radiological incidents, elements of the Department of Energy (DOE) Consequence Management (CM) program, such as the CM Response Team (CMRT) or CM Home Team (CMHT) may be activated to provide similar support activities to regional or local response assets. This manual describes the roles and responsibilities of the Assessment Division of the FRMAC during a response to a radiological incident. Every effort will be made in this manual in accordance with the Implementation of the National Incident Management System (NIMS)/Incident Command System (ICS) in the Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC) – Emergency Phase (Ref. RSL07) to use terminology consistent with the National Incident Management System (NIMS) for Incident Command System (ICS) organizations, planning processes, and leadership positions (Ref. FEMA17). This manual also applies to smaller scale CM responses that may involve the CMRT or CMHT elements without the formation of a FRMAC. It details the concept of operations for the Assessment Division, including common tasks performed by the Division. This manual also describes the organizational structure of the Assessment Division and roles of the personnel within the Division.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗

Behavioral Segmentation and Clustering of Geospatial Trajectories

The rapid growth of global positioning system (GPS) devices has led to a corresponding increase in the size of GPS datasets. While these large GPS datasets contain a wealth of information about the behaviors of the moving objects in them, manual classification and anomaly detection are prohibitively time consuming. We utilize unsupervised machine learning techniques to first identify the behaviors for individual moving objects and then cluster those objects by their behavioral sequences. In this way, trajectories behaving unusually as well as common patterns of behavior are both detectable in large datasets without requiring an a priori definition of "unusual" or "common."

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

Northeast Freight Corridor Charging Plan (Roadmap Report)

Final report produced as part of grant awarded to National Grid. The final report is a roadmap of 39 prioritized sites. These sites would create a minimum viable network of charging infrastructure, enabling the electrification of trucks across the Northeast

02 PETROLEUM↗

Novel Carbon Storage Monitoring Methods

Conference presentation at American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) Annual Meeting, San Diego, California, October 27–31, 2024. We presented a high-level overview of many novel and sustainable carbon storage monitoring methods that are at various stages of planning or demonstration to accelerate the deployment of CCS technologies at future CCS sites across the United States. Our work impacts the general CCS industry by providing novel and more sustainable methods for tracking CO 2 plume migration and performing assurance monitoring. Our work primarily benefits three parties: 1) CCS community members through knowledge sharing of lessons learned; 2) CCS operators through commercialization of additional methods, including improvements on workflows and simplification of fieldwork; and 3) stakeholders of CCS projects through implementation of low-impact and more autonomous monitoring solutions.

02 PETROLEUM↗

Design of an AIM Network for Monitoring Carbon Storage Projects

Conference poster presented at Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Conference 2024, Houston, Texas, March 11–13, 2024. The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) is researching novel carbon storage-monitoring techniques at an approved North Dakota geologic carbon storage site. One of the research objectives is to design an autonomous, integrated, and modular (AIM) monitoring network that is compliant with monitoring requirements across multiple carbon capture and storage (CCS) policy frameworks, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) underground injection control (UIC) Class VI permitting program.

02 PETROLEUM↗

Findings on subtask 1.6 – basin electric carbon storage research project: novel monitoring techniques

The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) led a study to validate novel and emerging technologies as commercial monitoring techniques for application in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) injection operations. This applied research was conducted at Basin Electric Power Cooperative’s (Basin Electric’s) active CO 2 -injection operations in Beulah, North Dakota, in two phases. The EERC previously completed a set of baseline (preinjection) activities in Phase 1, which included 1) design of an automated, integrated, modular (AIM) monitoring station; 2) time-lapse electromagnetic (EM) field surveys; 3) drone-based surveillance studies; 4) time-lapse monitoring with seismic methods; and 5) advanced wellbore-monitoring methods.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Workflow for Process Automation of Soil Gas Results from an Automated Soil Gas-Sampling System for Application in Carbon Storage Projects

Conference presentation at Geoconvention, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, May 12–14, 2025. The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) developed an automated workflow for processing soil gas measurements collected from the automated soil gas-sampling systems deployed across the project site. Raw soil gas measurements are collected from each station every 4 hours and automatically uploaded to a cloud database. The workflow begins by writing code to download the data to a workstation automatically, then the data are published to an online dashboard that visualizes the measurements in time-series plots and a process-based decision-making framework. This automated workflow accelerates the time from data acquisition to decision-making. It supports carbon storage project operators by preparing and delivering a live, standardized dataset for quick analysis and source attribution to provide assurance of containment and overall permit compliance.

02 PETROLEUM↗

Recent Collaborations and Innovations to Demonstrate Next-Generation Techniques for Monitoring Subsurface Carbon Storage

World Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Conference, Bergen, Norway, September 1–4, 2025. This talk provides a high-level overview of many novel and sustainable carbon storage-monitoring methods to accelerate the deployment of CCUS technologies at future CCUS sites across the United States. The Energy & Environmental Research Center’s work impacts the general CCUS industry by providing novel low-impact methods for tracking the injected plume’s migration and more autonomous data collection and processing techniques for performing assurance monitoring. Specifically, the results benefit 1) CCUS community members through knowledge sharing of lessons learned; 2) CCUS operators through commercialization of additional methods, including improvements to workflows and simplification of fieldwork; and 3) CCUS project stakeholders through implementation of low-impact and more autonomous monitoring solutions.

02 PETROLEUM↗

Monitoring, Verification, and Accounting (MVA) Strategy for a North Dakota Carbon Capture and Storage Project Integrated with Ethanol Production: Developing and Demonstrating Sustainable Monitoring Techniques

Conference presentation at American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Conference, Houston, Texas, March 28–30, 2022. An overview of the novel and sustainable monitoring techniques developed by the University of North Dakota's Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) and its commercial partners for the Red Trail Energy (RTE) carbon capture and storage (CCS) project.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗

First Wave of Incentive-Driven CCS Projects in North Dakota

Conference poster presented at American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Conference, Houston, Texas, March 28–30, 2022. While the central interior of North America offers a tremendous storage resource, optimization will be key to meaningfully reducing the more than 2.6 billion tons of CO 2 emitted annually from large point sources in the United States. These initial projects tend to have the most favorable economics and are often able to take advantage of the best geology, with little to no competition for resource. This initial wave of projects is informing investment in and creating the opportunity for innovation that will enable the next wave of incentive-based CCS projects. Such innovation is critical for reducing costs, enhancing the design and operability of the next wave of CCS projects, and realizing more of the 250 billion tons of storage resource in North Dakota.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗

A Quantitative Approach for Demonstrating Plume Stabilization Under CCS Policy Frameworks

Conference presentation at Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Conference 2024, Houston, Texas, March 11–13, 2024. The study highlighted the operator’s responsibilities for demonstrating plume stabilization in partial fulfillment of postinjection monitoring and site closure requirements. The metric dA/dt was chosen because of rules and regulations that call out the need to measure the change in area of the plume and plume extents over time. As dA/dt approached dA/dtcritical, the CO 2 plume’s growth was both minimal and predictable. Providing operators with a quantitative approach to determining plume stabilization is important for moving carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects beyond feasibility phases of development.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗

CMCSCFCB—Critical Minerals in Coaly Strata of the Cherokee-Forest City Basin

This report summarizes results of CMCSCFCB—Critical Minerals in Coaly Strata of the Cherokee-Forest City Basin, a multiyear and multidisciplinary study funded through DE-FOA-0002364 as part of the Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM) Carbon Ore, Rare Earth and Critical Minerals (CORE-CM) Initiative for U.S. Basins. Our working group of state and tribal agencies collected data and made interpretations included herein. It also surveyed the regional potential for critical mineral/material production.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗