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Transport of Ligand Coordinated Iron and Chromium through Cation-Exchange Membranes

Fluxes of negatively charged ligand-coordinated iron, Fe(CN) 6 3/4- , and chromium, CrPDTA 1/2− , through two promising commercial cation-exchange membranes, Aquivion E87–05S and Fumasep E-620(K), were measured as functions of current density. The magnitude of the partial current density reached a maximum of − 43 μ A cm −2 at the maximum applied current density magnitude of − 43 mA cm −2 for Fe(CN) 6 3/4− transport through Aquivion, or 0.1% of the total current density. Fumasep E-620(K) blocks practically all crossover of both compounds. Both membranes sorb more Fe(CN) 6 3/4− and CrPDTA 1/2− than predicted by Donnan equilibrium, and low crossover rates can be attributed mainly to slow diffusion, not charge-based rejection of co-ions. The magnitude of the diffusion coefficient appears to correlate with hydraulic permeability. Although Aquivion E87–05S and Fumasep E-620(K) have significant and observable differences in membrane crossover rates, cells built with the DI-soaked membranes offer similarly high coulombic efficiency, indicating the relatively small contribution that crossover makes to inefficiency over a single cycle.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

Characterization of Electrochemical Behavior for Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries

Use of aqueous redox flow batteries with organic redox-active materials holds great promise for large-scale and sustainable energy storage. The development of low-cost, highly efficient aqueous redox flow batteries lies in a comprehensive understanding of the electrochemical behaviors of redox-active compounds. In this work, an alkaline redox battery with organic dihydroxyphenazine sulfonate (DHPS) anolyte and ferro-/ferricyanide (Fe(CN) 6 ) catholyte is investigated as a typical example of aqueous redox flow batteries using organic redox-active materials. The electrochemical kinetics of DHPS and Fe(CN) 6 are separately characterized using the symmetrical cell design. The resistance components are calculated directly from the experimental measurement. The key kinetic parameters are extracted and compared for DHPS and Fe(CN) 6 electrolytes. The extracted parameters are validated with symmetrical and full flow cell simulations at different operating conditions. Key parameters and internal loss are also compared with all-vanadium redox flow batteries, representing current state of the art. In addition, our extracted key parameters from a symmetrical flow cell are compared with the measured key parameters by cyclic voltammetry, a widely deployed electroanalytical technique. The cell performance prediction of DHPS anolyte on a 780 cm 2 interdigitated cell is made and found the power density is peaked at 475 mW cm -2 at our measurement condition.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

The endocannabinoid system in bovine tissues: characterization of transcript abundance in the growing Holstein steer

Abstract Background The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is highly integrated with seemingly all physiological and pathophysiological processes in the body. There is increasing interest in utilizing bioactive plant compounds, for promoting health and improving production in livestock. Given the established interaction between phytochemicals and the ECS, there are many opportunities for identification and development of therapies to address a range of diseases and disorders. However, the ECS has not been thoroughly characterized in cattle, especially in the gastrointestinal tract. The objective of this study was to characterize the distribution and transcriptional abundance of genes associated with the endocannabinoid system in bovine tissues. Methods Tissues including brain, spleen, thyroid, lung, liver, kidney, mesenteric vein, tongue, sublingual mucosa, rumen, omasum, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon were collected from 10-mo old Holstein steers (n = 6). Total RNA was extracted and gene expression was measured using absolute quantification real time qPCR. Gene expression of endocannabinoid receptorsCNR1andCNR2, synthesis enzymesDAGLA,DAGLBandNAPEPLD, degradation enzymesMGLLandFAAH, and transient receptor potential vanilloidsTRPV3andTRPV6was measured. Data were analyzed in R using a Kruskal-Wallis followed by a Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results are reported as the median copy number/20 ng of equivalent cDNA (CN) with interquartile range (IQR). Results The greatest expression ofCNR1andCNR2was in the brain and spleen, respectively. Expression of either receptor was not detected in any gastrointestinal tissues, however there was a tendency (P = 0.095) forCNR2to be expressed above background in rumen. Expression of endocannabinoid synthesis and degradation enzymes varied greatly across tissues. Brain tissue had the greatestDAGLAexpression at 641 CN (IQR 52;P ≤ 0.05).DAGLBwas detected in all tissues, with brain and spleen having the greatest expression (P ≤ 0.05). Expression ofNAPEPLDin the gastrointestinal tract was lowest in tongue and sublingual mucosal. There was no difference in expression ofNAPEPLDbetween hindgut tissues, however these tissues collectively had 592% greater expression than rumen and omasum (P ≤ 0.05). WhileMGLLwas found to be expressed in all tissues, expression ofFAAHwas only above the limit of detection in brain, liver, kidney, jejunum and ileum.TRPV3was expressed above background in tongue, rumen, omasum and colon. Although not different from each other, thyroid and duodenum had the greatest expression ofTRPV6, with 285 (IQR 164) and 563 (IQR 467) CN compared to all other tissues (P < 0.05). Conclusions These data demonstrate the complex distribution and variation of the ECS in bovine tissues. Expression patterns suggest that regulatory functions of this system are tissue dependent, providing initial insight into potential target tissues for manipulation of the ECS.

Veterinary Sciences↗

Materials Data on AgC4N3 by Materials Project

Ag(CN)3C crystallizes in the orthorhombic Ima2 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four methane molecules and four Ag(CN)3 clusters. In each Ag(CN)3 cluster, Ag1+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three N3- atoms. There are one shorter (2.14 Å) and two longer (2.24 Å) Ag–N bond lengths. There are two inequivalent C2+ sites. In the first C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the second C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag1+ and one C2+ atom. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Ag1+ and one C2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on KC4N3 by Materials Project

K(CN)3C crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of two methane molecules and one K(CN)3 ribbon oriented in the (1, 0, 0) direction. In the K(CN)3 ribbon, K1+ is bonded to seven N3- atoms to form a mixture of distorted face and edge-sharing KN7 pentagonal bipyramids. There are a spread of K–N bond distances ranging from 2.88–3.09 Å. There are three inequivalent C2+ sites. In the first C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the second C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the third C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. There are three inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to three equivalent K1+ and one C2+ atom. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two equivalent K1+ and one C2+ atom. In the third N3- site, N3- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two equivalent K1+ and one C2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on NaC4N3 by Materials Project

Na(CN)3C crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of two methane molecules and one Na(CN)3 ribbon oriented in the (1, 0, 0) direction. In the Na(CN)3 ribbon, Na1+ is bonded to six N3- atoms to form edge-sharing NaN6 octahedra. There are a spread of Na–N bond distances ranging from 2.41–2.69 Å. There are three inequivalent C2+ sites. In the first C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the second C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the third C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. There are three inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Na1+ and one C2+ atom. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to two equivalent Na1+ and one C2+ atom. In the third N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to three equivalent Na1+ and one C2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on AgSbC6N4(OF3)2 by Materials Project

Ag(CN)4(CO)2SbF6 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight formaldehyde molecules, four Ag(CN)4 clusters, and four SbF6 clusters. In each Ag(CN)4 cluster, Ag1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four N3- atoms. There are two shorter (2.27 Å) and two longer (2.32 Å) Ag–N bond lengths. There are two inequivalent C4+ sites. In the first C4+ site, C4+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.16 Å. In the second C4+ site, C4+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.16 Å. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Ag1+ and one C4+ atom. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Ag1+ and one C4+ atom. In each SbF6 cluster, Sb3- is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six F1- atoms. There is four shorter (1.92 Å) and two longer (1.93 Å) Sb–F bond length. There are three inequivalent F1- sites. In the first F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb3- atom. In the second F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb3- atom. In the third F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb3- atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Ba(C2N3)2 by Materials Project

Ba(CN2)2(CN)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of four CN clusters and one Ba(CN2)2 framework. In each CN cluster, there are two inequivalent C4+ sites. In the first C4+ site, C4+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two N3- atoms. There is one shorter (1.18 Å) and one longer (1.28 Å) C–N bond length. In the second C4+ site, C4+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.22 Å. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to two C4+ atoms. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4+ atom. In the Ba(CN2)2 framework, Ba2+ is bonded in a distorted pentagonal planar geometry to five N3- atoms. There are a spread of Ba–N bond distances ranging from 2.78–2.89 Å. There are two inequivalent C4+ sites. In the first C4+ site, C4+ is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two N3- atoms. There is one shorter (1.23 Å) and one longer (1.37 Å) C–N bond length. In the second C4+ site, C4+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two N3- atoms. There is one shorter (1.20 Å) and one longer (1.28 Å) C–N bond length. There are four inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Ba2+ and two C4+ atoms. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one C4+ and one N3- atom. The N–N bond length is 1.23 Å. In the third N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two equivalent Ba2+ and one N3- atom. In the fourth N3- site, N3- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Ba2+ and one C4+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on FeAg3H6(C3N4)2 by Materials Project

Fe(Ag(CN)3)2Ag(NH3)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic Cc space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four iron molecules, four Ag(CN)3 clusters, and four Ag(NH3)2 clusters. In each Ag(CN)3 cluster, there are two inequivalent Ag1+ sites. In the first Ag1+ site, Ag1+ is bonded to four N3- atoms to form edge-sharing AgN4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Ag–N bond distances ranging from 2.15–2.50 Å. In the second Ag1+ site, Ag1+ is bonded to four N3- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing AgN4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Ag–N bond distances ranging from 2.17–2.54 Å. There are six inequivalent C2+ sites. In the first C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the second C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the third C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the fourth C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the fifth C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the sixth C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. There are six inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two Ag1+ and one C2+ atom. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two Ag1+ and one C2+ atom. In the third N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Ag1+ and one C2+ atom. In the fourth N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag1+ and one C2+ atom. In the fifth N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Ag1+ and one C2+ atom. In the sixth N3- site, N3- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Ag1+ and one C2+ atom. In each Ag(NH3)2 cluster, Ag1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two N3- atoms. There are one shorter (2.13 Å) and one longer (2.17 Å) Ag–N bond lengths. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Ag1+ and three H1+ atoms. All N–H bond lengths are 1.02 Å. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Ag1+ and three H1+ atoms. There is two shorter (1.02 Å) and one longer (1.03 Å) N–H bond length. There are six inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the fourth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the fifth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the sixth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Cu2H6C3N4O by Materials Project

Cu2(CN)3NH4H2O crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of four ammonium molecules; four water molecules; and two Cu2(CN)3 sheets oriented in the (1, 0, 1) direction. In each Cu2(CN)3 sheet, there are two inequivalent Cu1+ sites. In the first Cu1+ site, Cu1+ is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one C2+ and two N3- atoms. The Cu–C bond length is 1.85 Å. There is one shorter (1.91 Å) and one longer (1.96 Å) Cu–N bond length. In the second Cu1+ site, Cu1+ is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two C2+ and one N3- atom. Both Cu–C bond lengths are 1.88 Å. The Cu–N bond length is 1.94 Å. There are three inequivalent C2+ sites. In the first C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Cu1+ and one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the second C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Cu1+ and one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the third C2+ site, C2+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Cu1+ and one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. There are three inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Cu1+ and one C2+ atom. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Cu1+ and one C2+ atom. In the third N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Cu1+ and one C2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on RbCoH24(C7N4)2 by Materials Project

RbCo(CN)6(N(CH3)4)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of four tetramethylammonium molecules and one RbCo(CN)6 framework. In the RbCo(CN)6 framework, Rb1+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six N3- atoms. There are two shorter (3.14 Å) and four longer (3.30 Å) Rb–N bond lengths. Co1+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six C+0.14- atoms. There is two shorter (1.88 Å) and four longer (1.89 Å) Co–C bond length. There are five inequivalent C+0.14- sites. In the first C+0.14- site, C+0.14- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Co1+ and one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the second C+0.14- site, C+0.14- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Co1+ and one N3- atom. The C–Co bond length is 1.89 Å. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the third C+0.14- site, C+0.14- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Co1+ and one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the fourth C+0.14- site, C+0.14- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Co1+ and one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the fifth C+0.14- site, C+0.14- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Co1+ and one N3- atom. The C–Co bond length is 1.89 Å. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. There are five inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Rb1+ and one C+0.14- atom. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Rb1+ and one C+0.14- atom. In the third N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Rb1+ and one C+0.14- atom. In the fourth N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Rb1+ and one C+0.14- atom. The N–Rb bond length is 3.30 Å. In the fifth N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Rb1+ and one C+0.14- atom. The N–Rb bond length is 3.30 Å. The N–C bond length is 1.17 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on KMnH24(C7N4)2 by Materials Project

KMn(CN)6(N(CH3)4)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of four tetramethylammonium molecules and one KMn(CN)6 framework. In the KMn(CN)6 framework, K1+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six N3- atoms. There are two shorter (3.05 Å) and four longer (3.22 Å) K–N bond lengths. Mn2+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six C+0.21- atoms. There is two shorter (1.98 Å) and four longer (2.00 Å) Mn–C bond length. There are five inequivalent C+0.21- sites. In the first C+0.21- site, C+0.21- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Mn2+ and one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the second C+0.21- site, C+0.21- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Mn2+ and one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the third C+0.21- site, C+0.21- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Mn2+ and one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the fourth C+0.21- site, C+0.21- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Mn2+ and one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the fifth C+0.21- site, C+0.21- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Mn2+ and one N3- atom. The C–Mn bond length is 2.00 Å. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. There are five inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one K1+ and one C+0.21- atom. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one K1+ and one C+0.21- atom. In the third N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one K1+ and one C+0.21- atom. The N–K bond length is 3.22 Å. In the fourth N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one K1+ and one C+0.21- atom. The N–C bond length is 1.18 Å. In the fifth N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one K1+ and one C+0.21- atom. The N–K bond length is 3.22 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on TbAgH10C20(N3O4)2 by Materials Project

Tb(CO2)4AgH4(CN)6(C)4(CH)6 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of sixteen methane molecules; twenty-four methane molecules; four AgH4(CN)6 clusters; and two Tb(CO2)4 ribbons oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In each AgH4(CN)6 cluster, Ag1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent N3- atoms. Both Ag–N bond lengths are 2.11 Å. There are three inequivalent C1+ sites. In the first C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two N3- and one H1+ atom. There is one shorter (1.32 Å) and one longer (1.36 Å) C–N bond length. The C–H bond length is 1.08 Å. In the second C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two N3- and one H1+ atom. There is one shorter (1.31 Å) and one longer (1.37 Å) C–N bond length. The C–H bond length is 1.08 Å. In the third C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.43 Å. There are three inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three C1+ atoms. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Ag1+, one C1+, and one N3- atom. The N–N bond length is 1.38 Å. In the third N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one C1+ and one N3- atom. There are two inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C1+ atom. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C1+ atom. In each Tb(CO2)4 ribbon, Tb3+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Tb–O bond distances ranging from 2.32–2.50 Å. There are two inequivalent C1+ sites. In the first C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.27 Å) and one longer (1.28 Å) C–O bond length. In the second C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.26 Å) and one longer (1.27 Å) C–O bond length. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Tb3+ and one C1+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Tb3+ and one C1+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Tb3+ and one C1+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Tb3+ and one C1+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on FeCu(C3N4)2 by Materials Project

FeCu(CN)6N2 is Heusler structured and crystallizes in the cubic Fm-3m space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight ammonia molecules, four iron molecules, and four Cu(CN)6 clusters. In each Cu(CN)6 cluster, Cu1+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six equivalent N3- atoms. All Cu–N bond lengths are 2.02 Å. C+3.33+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Cu1+ and one C+3.33+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on NdAgH10C20(N3O4)2 by Materials Project

Nd(CO2)4AgH4(CN)6(C)4(CH)6 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of sixteen methane molecules; twenty-four methane molecules; four AgH4(CN)6 clusters; and two Nd(CO2)4 ribbons oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In each AgH4(CN)6 cluster, Ag1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent N3- atoms. Both Ag–N bond lengths are 2.11 Å. There are three inequivalent C1+ sites. In the first C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two N3- and one H1+ atom. There is one shorter (1.32 Å) and one longer (1.36 Å) C–N bond length. The C–H bond length is 1.08 Å. In the second C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two N3- and one H1+ atom. There is one shorter (1.31 Å) and one longer (1.37 Å) C–N bond length. The C–H bond length is 1.08 Å. In the third C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.43 Å. There are three inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three C1+ atoms. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Ag1+, one C1+, and one N3- atom. The N–N bond length is 1.38 Å. In the third N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one C1+ and one N3- atom. There are two inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C1+ atom. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C1+ atom. In each Nd(CO2)4 ribbon, Nd3+ is bonded in a distorted hexagonal bipyramidal geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Nd–O bond distances ranging from 2.39–2.57 Å. There are two inequivalent C1+ sites. In the first C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two O2- atoms. Both C–O bond lengths are 1.28 Å. In the second C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two O2- atoms. Both C–O bond lengths are 1.27 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Nd3+ and one C1+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Nd3+ and one C1+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Nd3+ and one C1+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Nd3+ and one C1+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on DyCrC6(N3O2)2 by Materials Project

CrDy(CN)6(O2)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmcm space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four 1,2,3,4-tetraoxacyclobutane molecules; four chromium molecules; and four Dy(CN)6 clusters. In each Dy(CN)6 cluster, Dy3+ is bonded in a distorted pentagonal pyramidal geometry to six N3- atoms. There are four shorter (2.35 Å) and two longer (2.41 Å) Dy–N bond lengths. There are two inequivalent C+3.33+ sites. In the first C+3.33+ site, C+3.33+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the second C+3.33+ site, C+3.33+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Dy3+ and one C+3.33+ atom. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Dy3+ and one C+3.33+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on CsCoH24(C7N4)2 by Materials Project

CsCo(CN)6(N(CH3)4)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of four tetramethylammonium molecules and one CsCo(CN)6 framework. In the CsCo(CN)6 framework, Cs1+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six N3- atoms. There are four shorter (3.69 Å) and two longer (3.73 Å) Cs–N bond lengths. Co1+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six C+0.14- atoms. All Co–C bond lengths are 1.88 Å. There are two inequivalent C+0.14- sites. In the first C+0.14- site, C+0.14- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Co1+ and one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the second C+0.14- site, C+0.14- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Co1+ and one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cs1+ and one C+0.14- atom. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cs1+ and one C+0.14- atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on K2Fe2Co2C12N12O by Materials Project

K2O(Fe)2(Co(CN)6)2 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of two iron molecules, one potassium monoxide molecule, and two Co(CN)6 clusters. In each Co(CN)6 cluster, Co2+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six N3- atoms. There are a spread of Co–N bond distances ranging from 2.09–2.15 Å. There are six inequivalent C+2.17+ sites. In the first C+2.17+ site, C+2.17+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the second C+2.17+ site, C+2.17+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the third C+2.17+ site, C+2.17+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the fourth C+2.17+ site, C+2.17+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the fifth C+2.17+ site, C+2.17+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the sixth C+2.17+ site, C+2.17+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.17 Å. There are six inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Co2+ and one C+2.17+ atom. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Co2+ and one C+2.17+ atom. In the third N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Co2+ and one C+2.17+ atom. In the fourth N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Co2+ and one C+2.17+ atom. In the fifth N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Co2+ and one C+2.17+ atom. In the sixth N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Co2+ and one C+2.17+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗