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At least 433 records · Page 24

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DOE OSTI2023

TA-18-1 Slotin Building Restoration – Summary of Work to be Performed

The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) requires LANL to identify, evaluate, record, and protect eligible historic properties like TA-18-1 Slotin Building. The Environmental Protection and Compliance-Environmental Stewardship (EPC-ES) Cultural Resources program consults with the New Mexico State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) on undertakings that may affect these properties. TA-18-1 Slotin Building is an exceptionally significant Manhattan Project Property that has been determined eligible for the National Register of Historic Places and is included within the boundary of the Manhattan Project National Historical Park. The building was constructed in 1946 and served as laboratory space for criticality testing. It is the location of the May 1946 criticality accident that resulted in the death of Louis Slotin. As a result of the accident, new procedures and designs for criticality experiments were implemented to prevent further accidents.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗

DOE OSTI2024

Finding of adverse effect and proposed mitigation for the removal of three primary resources and twenty-four accessory resources within the mercury historic district, area 23, nevada national security site, nye county, nevada

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO) proposes the removal of three primary resources and 24 accessory resources in Mercury on the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) in Nye County, Nevada. The majority of the resources are concrete pads that have previously been recorded as either primary resources or accessory resources thereof within the Mercury Historic District (MHD). They represent the former locations of environmental support program buildings including a greenhouse (MHD Resource C312), warehouses (Resource C293), offices (Resource C314), dormitories (Resource C298), and two of unknown purpose (Resource C292). The other resources include a buried storage tank and sidewalks.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2023

Community College Energy Code Training Program

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) funded a series of research and training programs under the Advanced Building Construction with Energy Efficient Technologies and Practices (ABC) initiative. The aim is to develop new training programs to support the development of a skilled workforce in the building energy efficiency industry. In response, the University of Illinois Smart Energy Design Assistance Center (SEDAC), in collaboration with State Energy Offices in Illinois, Hawaii, and Nevada, developed the Community College Energy Code Training Program. The program is designed to prepare a new generation of energy-literate professionals that understand energy efficiency and its relation to energy codes for new construction and existing buildings through: a) the development of a curriculum and innovative pedagogical materials, b) dissemination through a national network of state energy offices: c) outreach targeting Community College students and instructors.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2021

Installation of Ramps and Utility Cabinet at TA-18-1 Slotin Building (Historic Building Report No. 395)

The information below is presented in response to requests for additional information that resulted from a phone conference on November 12, 2020 between Harvey Kaplan of the New Mexico State Historic Preservation Office, DOE NNSA Los Alamos Field Office Manhattan Project National Historical Park Representative, Vicki Loucks, LANL Program Manager for Manhattan Project National Historical Park, Cheryl Abeyta, and LANL Historic Buildings Program Staff, Jeremy Brunette and J.T. Stark. The DOE NNSA Field Office (Field Office) initiated the call to propose additional work be performed to a previously reviewed project, “Restoration of TA-18-0001 (Slotin Building)” (LA-UR-19-26609) (HPD Log # 111110). Of the six actions discussed on the call, which included (1) exterior paint color, (2) entrance ramps, (3) non-period metal siding removal, (4) interior floor finish, (5) reopening secondary entrance door, and (6) addition of utility cabinet with period doors, additional information for two of the actions was requested for further review. The two actions, the construction of entrance ramps and installation of a utility cabinet are addressed in detail.

42 ENGINEERING↗

DOE OSTI2023

A Simulation Framework for Analyzing the Impact of Stochastic Occupant Behaviors on Demand Flexibility in Typical Commercial Buildings

As one of the primary users of the electric grid, buildings and building equipment, including heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, can be leveraged to provide the flexible demand needed to balance the grid. Typical strategies to achieve demand flexibility are to reduce electricity use during peak or critical periods by shutting down equipment or relaxing system setpoints, which will inevitably impact the occupants’ comfort. When occupants feel uncomfortable, they may take actions to regain their comfort, and some of those actions (such as turning on a personal fan) may have a negative impact on meeting the demand response goal. Therefore, it is important to incorporate occupant behaviors into the assessment ofthe building demand flexibility potential. In this study, a simulation framework that includes simulation of zone thermal loads, an HVAC system, and occupant behaviors, was developed to investigate the impact of occupant behaviors on demand flexibility. A case study was conducted using a small office model from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Commercial Prototype Building Models to simulate the building envelope and zone loads. An agent-based occupant thermal behavior model was adapted to forecast occupants’ thermal comfort and their resulting thermal behaviors. An artificial neural network (ANN) based airflow model trained from a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the zone was adopted to better predict the ambient environment of each occupant. An air-source heat pump simulation model that was calibrated from a real two-stage air-source heat pump system was used as the HVAC system. A typical load shedding event during peak hours was studied. Repeated simulations were conducted to capture the stochastic effects of occupant behaviors. The interplay between the demand flexibility, occupant comfort and behavior were analyzed by evaluating key performance indicators, including the energy use, occupant discomfort duration, and occupant behavior duration during the peak period. The results suggest that this framework can be used to analyze typical commercial buildings and their HVAC systems in terms ofdemand flexibility potential under the impact of occupant behaviors.

Chen, Zhelun↗

DOE OSTI2023

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Experimental Test Site 300: Energetic Materials Development Enclave (EMDEC) Soil Sampling and Analysis Plan Addendum 1 (April 2023)

The purpose of this addendum is to amend and update the Energetic Materials Development Enclave [project] Soil Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) dated June 2022 (LLNL-AM-22- 21678). In July 2022, portions of the SAP were completed. Since then, the project scope and limits have been redefined to include potential additional buildings. The exact locations of the additional buildings have not been determined, but the Project Management Office (PMO) would like to investigate at this time additional areas adjacent to the investigation area subject to the June 2022 SAP. The information contained in this addendum supersedes the June 2022 SAP. However, this addendum only addresses elements of the June 2022 SAP that were modified. Elements of the June 2022 SAP that have not been modified are relevant and will remain in effect.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2024

2024 NSUF User Development Workshop on Irradiation Testing

Monday, May 20 – Thursday, May 23, 2024 at Center for Advanced Energy Studies at Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho. This pilot workshop was hosted to expand the NSUF user community and introduce irradiation testing of nuclear fuel and materials to new researchers, and to build long-term relationships between the NSUF program office, NSUF partner facilities, and NSUF university-affiliated users to provide better utilization of NSUF resources in addressing United States energy challenges.

Starks, Alexis↗

NASA NTRS1989

Cleaner Air for Home and Office

Increased insulation has led to higher concentrations in homes and offices of toxic chemicals caused by emissions from synthetic building components. Recent NASA research regarding future interplanetary manned spacecraft has shown that certain plants can absorb gasses, reducing indoor air pollution. After working with water purifying water hyacinths, Dr. B. C. Wolverton at NSTL developed a carbon/plant filter system to remove chemicals, smoke, etc. Two companies have commercialized the system. Bio-safe provides plants, a bed of activated carbon and an air pump installed near the plant's roots. Pollutants are trapped by the charcoal and either digested by the roots or broken down by microorganisms. Purified air is then directed back into the room. Applied Indoor Resource Company markets Bio-Pure, which includes plants on a layer of patented soil medium with activated carbon. Legumes and mosses filter the air; a blower moves air through the filtering system for cleansing by microorganisms. Research at NSTL continues, and the system may eventually be enlarged.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS2022

NASA's Responsible AI Plan

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an integral part of today’s process of conducting science and technology development. At NASA, AI has become an integral and important tool for researchers, engineers, data scientists, and technologists in pursuing the ground-breaking discoveries that we are known for, including the command and controlling of our spacecraft and other supporting infrastructures. Consequently, research and engineering efforts incorporating AI have permeated almost every area of our work. It is contributing to NASA’s drive toward the future, not just of space science, but for society here at home. We are dedicated to continuing the use of AI in a safe and fully transparent approach so that the public can have high confidence in the outcomes and benefits. We believe that the plan outlined here will be responsive and contribute to the call for openness across the federal government. NASA is committed to responsible use of AI in all of its activities and in all phases of development and deployment of its space and terrestrial programs missions. NASA does not deliberately focus on “AI Research” as a separate field (we have no single “AI office” or “AI program”), rather NASA uses AI to build tools for its programs. This plan, being put forward, adheres to the Responsible AI (RAI) principles set and laid down by the White House in its Presidential Executive Order 13960. Our research, engineering and technical communities have been made aware of these guidelines and we are committed to an on-going process of educating and monitoring its implementation to ensure adherence to those principles. The vast majority of NASA’s use cases, which number almost 75 today, are geared toward analyzing the petabytes of data that NASA collects from its fleet of spacecraft across all disciplines, in human space exploration, and in aeronautics, etc.

Artificial Intelligence↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Sensitivity Analysis of Heat Rejection and Propellant Management Technologies for Nuclear Thermal Propulsion Architectures

Cryogenic fluid management (CFM) technologies are very important for enabling a wider range of missions to utilize space nuclear propulsion (SNP) concepts such as nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP). Technologies for thermal and cryogenic propellant management allow for vehicles to take full advantage of the higher efficiency NTP systems for longer duration human interplanetary and deep space robotic missions. Currently, the CFM Portfolio Project at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is developing thermal and propellant management technologies needed for SNP. When developing these technologies, it is important to understand the sensitivities of key performance parameters (KPPs) at the system and overall mission level due to the ways the technologies interact with each other, other subsystems, and influence the overall vehicle. The Advanced Concepts Office (ACO) at NASA-MSFC was tasked with building an integrated system model of a human Mars NTP mission to evaluate the impacts and sensitivities of CFM technologies on the overall vehicle and mission. This paper will cover the buildup of the model and highlight major sensitivities and breakpoints encountered, as well as future work in improving the existing models and sensitivities being evaluated.

Robert J. Hetterich↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Sensitivity Analysis of Heat Rejection and Propellant Management Technologies for Nuclear Thermal Propulsion Architectures

Robert J Hetterich↗

DOE OSTI2025

Mitigation for the demolition of building 25-3124,equipment testing laboratory, area 25, Nevada national security site, NYE county, Nevada

The purpose of this letter report is to document the mitigation of adverse effects of a proposed undertaking that would demolish Building 25-3124 in Area 25 of the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) in compliance with the terms of the 2024 Programmatic Agreement among the U.S. Department of Energy and the Nevada State Historic Preservation Officer and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation Concerning the Protection of Historic Properties on the Nevada National Security Site, Nye County, Nevada (NNSS PA). Building 25-3124 (State Historic Preservation Office [SHPO] Resource # B19009) is a contributing element to the Nuclear Rocket Development Station (NRDS) Historic District (SHPO Resource # D424), which has been determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) under Criteria A, B, C, and D (Reno et al. 2023). The proposed demolition constitutes an adverse effect. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO) consulted with the SHPO on an adverse effect finding for the undertaking and notified the SHPO of its intent to use the standard mitigation in the NNSS PA on December 11, 2024 (Julian to Reed). The SHPO concurred on December 30, 2024 (Reed to Julian). Therefore, NNSA/NFO has prepared mitigation pursuant to the standard mitigation in the NNSS PA Appendix D.I.A for contributing elements to recorded, NRHP-eligible districts.

#B19009↗

DOE OSTI2025

Mitigation for the demolition of building 25-3153, fire station, area 25, Nevada national security site, NYE county, Nevada

The purpose of this letter report is to document the mitigation of adverse effects of a proposed undertaking that would demolish Building 25-3153 in Area 25 of the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) in compliance with the terms of the 2024 Programmatic Agreement among the U.S. Department of Energy and the Nevada State Historic Preservation Officer and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation Concerning the Protection of Historic Properties on the Nevada National Security Site, Nye County, Nevada (NNSS PA). Building 25-3153 (State Historic Preservation Office [SHPO] Resource # B19004) is a contributing element to the Nuclear Rocket Development Station (NRDS) Historic District (SHPO Resource # D424), which has been determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) under Criteria A, B, C, and D (Reno et al. 2023). The proposed demolition constitutes an adverse effect. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO) consulted with the SHPO on an adverse effect finding for the undertaking and notified the SHPO of its intent to use the standard mitigation in the NNSS PA on December 11, 2024 (Julian to Reed). The SHPO concurred on December 30, 2024 (Reed to Julian). Therefore, NNSA/NFO has prepared mitigation pursuant to the standard mitigation in the NNSS PA Appendix D.I.A for contributing elements to recorded, NRHP-eligible districts.

#B19004↗

DOE OSTI2025

Mitigation for the demolition of building 25-4314, radiation services, area 25, Nevada national security site, NYE county, Nevada

The purpose of this letter report is to document the mitigation of adverse effects of a proposed undertaking that would demolish Building 25-4314 in Area 25 of the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) in compliance with the terms of the 2024 Programmatic Agreement among the U.S. Department of Energy and the Nevada State Historic Preservation Officer and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation Concerning the Protection of Historic Properties on the Nevada National Security Site, Nye County, Nevada (NNSS PA). Building 25-4314 (State Historic Preservation Office [SHPO] Resource # B19016) is a contributing element to the Nuclear Rocket Development Station (NRDS) Historic District (SHPO Resource # D424), which has been determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) under Criteria A, B, C, and D (Reno et al. 2023). The proposed demolition constitutes an adverse effect. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO) consulted with the SHPO on an adverse effect finding for the undertaking and notified the SHPO of its intent to use the standard mitigation in the NNSS PA on December 11, 2024 (Julian to Reed). The SHPO concurred on December 30, 2024 (Reed to Julian). Therefore, NNSA/NFO has prepared mitigation pursuant to the standard mitigation in the NNSS PA Appendix D.I.A for contributing elements to recorded, NRHP-eligible districts.

#B19016↗

DOE OSTI2025

Mitigation for the demolition of building 25-4838, vehicle maintenance shop, area 25, Nevada national security site, NYE county, Nevada

The purpose of this letter report is to document the mitigation of adverse effects of a proposed undertaking that would demolish Building 25-4838 in Area 25 of the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) in compliance with the terms of the 2024 Programmatic Agreement among the U.S. Department of Energy and the Nevada State Historic Preservation Officer and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation Concerning the Protection of Historic Properties on the Nevada National Security Site, Nye County, Nevada (NNSS PA). Building 25-4838 (State Historic Preservation Office [SHPO] Resource # B19019) is a contributing element to the Nuclear Rocket Development Station (NRDS) Historic District (SHPO Resource # D424), which has been determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) under Criteria A, B, C, and D (Reno et al. 2023). The proposed demolition constitutes an adverse effect. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO) consulted with the SHPO on an adverse effect finding for the undertaking and notified the SHPO of its intent to use the standard mitigation in the NNSS PA on December 11, 2024 (Julian to Reed). The SHPO concurred on December 30, 2024 (Reed to Julian). Therefore, NNSA/NFO has prepared mitigation pursuant to the standard mitigation in the NNSS PA Appendix D.I.A for contributing elements to recorded, NRHP-eligible districts.

#B19019↗

DOE OSTI2020

Energy Savings and Usability of Zero-Client Computing in Office Settings

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) worked with industry stakeholders to develop voluntary national guidelines to improve the quality and consistency of commercial building workforce credentials for four key energy-efficiency related jobs.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2020

Simulating Buildings While the Design is Still in the Architect's Imagination

Very early in the design process, prior to drawing a single line, architects get information from their client or prospective client trying to understand the nature and requirements of the building that needs to be designed. The design of the building is completely fluid, as the architect considers many options in their imagination. The overall massing of the building, the general shape and form, are being considered during this early step. Even for a simple box-shaped building, the aspect ratio between the east-west and the north-south dimensions of the building can greatly impact energy consumption due to daylighting availability. The prevailing winds and building orientation can impact natural ventilation. The locations of high and low population density spaces can also impact energy use. Deciding the floor area per office workstation or the size of the auditorium will impact energy use. Does making a building two stories instead of one reduce energy impacts by reducing roof area or does the additional volume for stairs and elevators result in more energy use. Since certain types of spaces require more windows for occupants than others, the locations of those spaces will determine how much glazing each building orientation has impacting daylighting as well as heating and cooling energy. The project was an attempted first step toward creating a system tailored toward architects for this very early stage in the design process to help them understand the energy impacts of design options. The approach was not to be based on drawing the building, and instead, the main inputs would have been the size of each type of space in the building. This report describes information gathered during the development that might be of use to others developing similar software as well as some of the software that was developed during the project. Phase II funding to continue this work was not pursued due to intellectual property issues discovered during the development of the commercialization plan.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

DOE OSTI2023

National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Formula Program Annual Report: Plan Year 2022-2023

The National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) Formula Program provides nearly $5 billion over 5 years to help states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico (hereafter referred to as “states”) create a network of fast EV charging stations along designated Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Alternative Fuel Corridors (AFCs), with emphasis along the Interstate Highway System. The first-year deployment plans were submitted to and reviewed by the Joint Office and FHWA and certified by FHWA in September 2022. To support the rollout of the NEVI Formula Program, the Joint Office has been providing technical assistance to the states since February 2022 and has developed DriveElectric.gov to serve as the front door for federal efforts to build out a national charging network. This report summarizes the key activities of the Joint Office in relation to the NEVI program and provides an individual and collective overview of the first-year deployment plans. The Joint Office will utilize the summary of these plans to inform program improvement and future technical assistance activities to support the states as they begin to implement their EV charging infrastructure.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗