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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 433 records · Page 24
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Hemicellulose and starch citrate chitosan foam adsorbents for removal of arsenic and other heavy metals from contaminated water

Arsenic and other heavy metal contaminants in water are a significant global health threat. In this study, low-cost, sulfur-free, sustainable, water-insoluble materials with heavy metal remediation properties were produced from renewable resources such as starch, xylan, citric acid, and chitosan. Synthesized starch citrate-chitosan (SCC) foam and xylan citrate-chitosan (XCC) foam were flexible, porous, and elastic. The foams’ arsenic uptake in water was significantly greater than five different commercial metal remediating agents. The mercury and lead uptakes with the synthesized foams were similar to the performance of a commercial sulfur-based product, SorbaTech 450 (ST450). However, the cadmium and selenium uptakes were comparatively lower. The complexation of arsenic with oxygen and nitrogen of the SCC foam was shown with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). The XCC foam was also shown to adsorb potassium iodide (KI) at a similar rate to sodium chloride. This may be used to remediate water contaminated with radioactive materials, such as iodine 131.

Materials Science↗
DOE OSTI2021

Soil and Water Chemistry and Trace Metal Extractability and Speciation in Wetland Soils from Illinois and South Carolina and Stream Sediments from Tennessee

Dataset revised on October 15, 2021. This revision adds sulfur and iron X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra for the wetland soils and stream sediments from the field areas. It also renames the sample locations in a way that is more intuitive to readers of the companion paper that is under review. Finally, the data filenames and organization have been updated in their labeling to parallel the data sources in the associated paper. The abstract text and methods were also revised to reflect the data that was added to the dataset.Trace metals are essential for microbially-mediated biogeochemical processes occurring in anoxic wetland soils and stream bed sediments, such as denitrification, methanogenesis, and mercury methylation. Low availability of these elements may potentially inhibit key components of anaerobic carbon and nitrogen cycling and contaminant transformation. The solid-phase speciation of trace metals likely plays an important role in controlling their bioavailability. Metal speciation is well studied in contaminated soils and sediments as well as those naturally elevated in trace metals. However, less is known regarding the chemical forms of trace metals in systems having concentrations similar to geological background levels, the very settings where metal limitations may be most prevalent. We have investigated trace metal concentrations, extractability, and solid-phase speciation in three freshwater subsurface aquatic systems: marsh wetland soils, riparian wetland soils, and the sediments of a streambed.Data are provided for marsh wetland soils at Argonne National Laboratory, riparian wetland soils in the Tims Branch watershed at Savannah River National Laboratory, and stream bed sediments from East Fork Poplar Creek near Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Soil and sediment elemental abundances, mineralogy, and extractable nutrients as well as dissolved major elements, anions, trace metals, and nutrients in the overlying surface waters are provided. In addition, the results of sequential chemical extraction for the trace metals cobalt, nickel, copper, and zinc from the soils and sediment are reported as well as X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra in these materials are reported. To aid interpretation of these data, XANES spectra of sulfur in the soils and sediments as well as both XANES and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra of iron in these materials are reported. The data package also includes the XANES spectra of reference standards and a potential interferent in the measurements. All data are provided in text-based CSV format with header sections indicating the data contained in each file and the corresponding units. Note that "u" is used in place of Greek lower case mu to indicate the micro prefix on units.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on RbHg(NO2)3 by Materials Project

Rb(NO2)3Hg crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of one mercury molecule and one Rb(NO2)3 framework. In the Rb(NO2)3 framework, Rb1+ is bonded to twelve equivalent O2- atoms to form edge-sharing RbO12 cuboctahedra. All Rb–O bond lengths are 3.55 Å. N3+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent O2- atoms. Both N–O bond lengths are 1.24 Å. O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to two equivalent Rb1+ and one N3+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on TlHg(NO2)3 by Materials Project

HgTl(NO2)3 is Cyanogen Chloride-derived structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of three hydroxylamine, n-hydroxy- molecules; one mercury molecule; and one thallium molecule.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on HgCl by Materials Project

HgCl is BCT5 structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four mercury chloride molecules. Hg1+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Cl1- atom. The Hg–Cl bond length is 2.44 Å. Cl1- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Hg1+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on NbHg3F6 by Materials Project

(Hg)2NbHgF6 crystallizes in the trigonal P-31m space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of two mercury molecules and one NbHgF6 ribbon oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In the NbHgF6 ribbon, Nb2+ is bonded to six equivalent F1- atoms to form NbF6 octahedra that share faces with two equivalent HgF6 cuboctahedra. All Nb–F bond lengths are 1.94 Å. Hg+1.33+ is bonded to six equivalent F1- atoms to form distorted HgF6 cuboctahedra that share faces with two equivalent NbF6 octahedra. All Hg–F bond lengths are 3.11 Å. F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Nb2+ and one Hg+1.33+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsHg(NO2)3 by Materials Project

Cs(NO2)3Hg crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of one mercury molecule and one Cs(NO2)3 framework. In the Cs(NO2)3 framework, Cs1+ is bonded to twelve equivalent O2- atoms to form edge-sharing CsO12 cuboctahedra. All Cs–O bond lengths are 3.59 Å. N3+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent O2- atoms. Both N–O bond lengths are 1.24 Å. O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to two equivalent Cs1+ and one N3+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on K3Hg3S2Br5O6 by Materials Project

K3Hg2(SO3)2Hg(Br)5 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of twenty hydrobromic acid molecules; four mercury molecules; and two K3Hg2(SO3)2 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In each K3Hg2(SO3)2 sheet, there are three inequivalent K1+ sites. In the first K1+ site, K1+ is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to four O2- atoms. There are two shorter (2.89 Å) and two longer (2.90 Å) K–O bond lengths. In the second K1+ site, K1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of K–O bond distances ranging from 2.66–2.90 Å. In the third K1+ site, K1+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of K–O bond distances ranging from 2.85–3.26 Å. There are two inequivalent Hg2+ sites. In the first Hg2+ site, Hg2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. The Hg–S bond length is 2.50 Å. In the second Hg2+ site, Hg2+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. The Hg–S bond length is 2.47 Å. There are two inequivalent S2- sites. In the first S2- site, S2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Hg2+ and three O2- atoms. All S–O bond lengths are 1.49 Å. In the second S2- site, S2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Hg2+ and three O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.47 Å) and two longer (1.49 Å) S–O bond length. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one K1+ and one S2- atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three K1+ and one S2- atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to three K1+ and one S2- atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to three K1+ and one S2- atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cs2Hg27 by Materials Project

(Cs3Hg40)2Hg crystallizes in the cubic Im-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of two mercury molecules and one Cs3Hg40 framework. In the Cs3Hg40 framework, Cs is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to twenty Hg atoms. There are a spread of Cs–Hg bond distances ranging from 4.02–4.37 Å. There are six inequivalent Hg sites. In the first Hg site, Hg is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Cs and six Hg atoms. There are a spread of Hg–Hg bond distances ranging from 3.10–3.33 Å. In the second Hg site, Hg is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Cs and six Hg atoms. There are a spread of Hg–Hg bond distances ranging from 3.10–3.42 Å. In the third Hg site, Hg is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six Hg atoms. There are a spread of Hg–Hg bond distances ranging from 3.30–3.39 Å. In the fourth Hg site, Hg is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to one Cs and eight Hg atoms. Both Hg–Hg bond lengths are 3.42 Å. In the fifth Hg site, Hg is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Cs and seven Hg atoms. There are one shorter (3.18 Å) and two longer (3.23 Å) Hg–Hg bond lengths. In the sixth Hg site, Hg is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six Hg atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg by Materials Project

Hg is Protactinium structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of two mercury molecules. Hg is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg by Materials Project

Hg is alpha Samarium structured and crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of six mercury molecules. Hg is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg by Materials Project

Hg crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of two mercury molecules. Hg is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Si2HgTe by Materials Project

HgSi2Te is Heusler structured and crystallizes in the cubic Fm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of four mercury molecules and one Si2Te framework. In the Si2Te framework, Si is bonded to four equivalent Te2- atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing SiTe4 tetrahedra. All Si–Te bond lengths are 3.05 Å. Te2- is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Si atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg2BCl by Materials Project

HgBHgCl crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of four boron molecules, four mercury molecules, and one HgCl framework. In the HgCl framework, Hg2+ is bonded to four equivalent Cl1- atoms to form corner-sharing HgCl4 tetrahedra. All Hg–Cl bond lengths are 3.09 Å. Cl1- is bonded to four equivalent Hg2+ atoms to form corner-sharing ClHg4 tetrahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg by Materials Project

Hg is Copper structured and crystallizes in the trigonal R-3m space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of three mercury molecules. Hg is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg by Materials Project

Hg is alpha structured and crystallizes in the cubic I-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of two mercury molecules and one Hg framework. In the Hg framework, there are three inequivalent Hg sites. In the first Hg site, Hg is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three equivalent Hg atoms. All Hg–Hg bond lengths are 3.39 Å. In the second Hg site, Hg is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to four Hg atoms. There are one shorter (3.33 Å) and two longer (3.41 Å) Hg–Hg bond lengths. In the third Hg site, Hg is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to six Hg atoms. There are one shorter (3.19 Å) and two longer (3.32 Å) Hg–Hg bond lengths.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg3F by Materials Project

(Hg)6F2 is Uranium Silicide structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of one hydrofluoric acid molecule and three mercury molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg3F by Materials Project

(Hg)6F2 is alpha bismuth trifluoride structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of two hydrofluoric acid molecules and six mercury molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗