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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 433 records · Page 24
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Southeast Regional CO 2 Utilization and Storage Acceleration Partnership (SECARB-USA): Results of Existing CO 2 Source and Sink Databases Analysis

The “Southeast Regional CO 2 Utilization and Storage Acceleration Partnership” (SECARB-USA) project supported the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy's (FE) mission to help the United States meet its need for secure, affordable, and environmentally sound fossil energy supplies by utilizing the advancements made since 2003 by the Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (RCSP) Initiative to continue to identify and address knowledge gaps.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2024

pyEGAF: Modernization of the EGAF database

One of the most comprehensive resources for thermal neutron-capture data is the Evaluated Gamma-ray Activation File (EGAF), containing data from prompt gamma activation analysis measurements carried out at the Budapest Research Reactor for 245 isotopes. Although these valuable datasets have been freely available for many years, the outdated and cryptic adopted format makes it difficult to utilize the data and it is not generally suitable for modern computational technologies. Furthermore, to help overcome these challenges, we have converted the datasets into an open standard JSON format. Additionally, we have developed a Python implementation of an open-source software package, pyEGAF, designed to interact with the JSON data structures for general purpose access, manipulation, and rapid assessment of the capture-gamma data in EGAF.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Trends in Use of Hypofractionated Whole Breast Radiation in Breast Cancer: An Analysis of the National Cancer Database

Use of hypofractionated radiation (HR) as a component of breast-conserving treatment (BCT) in breast cancer is relatively low in the United States despite studies demonstrating its efficacy and guidelines supporting its use from the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) in 2011 and 2018. Little is known regarding national trends in uptake and factors associated with uptake of HR in the US since the 2011 ASTRO guidelines.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Salvage Mastectomy Versus Second Conservative Treatment for Second Ipsilateral Breast Tumor Event: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Analysis of the GEC-ESTRO Breast Cancer Working Group Database

Second conservative treatment has emerged as an option for patients with a second ipsilateral breast tumor event after conserving surgery and breast irradiation. We aimed to address the lack of evidence regarding second breast event treatment by comparing oncologic outcomes after conservative treatment or mastectomy.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Dislocation density-based plasticity model from massive discrete dislocation dynamics database

In this work, we present a dislocation density-based strain hardening model for single crystal copper through a systematic coarse-graining analysis of more than 200 discrete dislocation dynamics (DDD) simulations of plastic deformation under uniaxial tension. The proposed constitutive model has two components: a generalized Taylor relation connecting resolved shear stresses to dislocation densities on individual slip systems, and a generalized Kocks-Mecking model for dislocation multiplication. The DDD data strongly suggests a logarithmic dependence of flow stress on the plastic shear strain rate on each slip system, and, equivalently, an exponential dependence of the plastic shear strain rate on the resolved shear stress. Hence the proposed generalized Taylor relation subsumes the Orowan relation for plastic flow. The DDD data also calls for a correction to the Kocks-Mecking model of dislocation multiplication to account for the increase of dislocation density on slip systems with negligible plastic shear strain rate. This is accomplished by allowing the multiplication rate on each slip system to include contributions from the plastic strain rates of the two coplanar slip systems. The resulting constitutive model successfully captures the strain hardening rate dependence on the loading orientation as predicted by the DDD simulations, which is also consistent with existing experiments.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2024

The battery failure databank: Insights from an open-access database of thermal runaway behaviors of Li-ion cells and a resource for benchmarking risks

The thermal response of Li-ion cells can greatly vary for identical cell designs tested under identical conditions, the distribution of which is costly to fully characterize experimentally. The open-source Battery Failure Databank presented here contains robust, high-quality data from hundreds of abuse tests spanning numerous commercial cell designs and testing conditions. Data was gathered using a fractional thermal runaway calorimeter and contains the fractional breakdown of heat and mass that was ejected, as well as high-speed synchrotron radiography of the internal dynamic response of cells during thermal runaway. The distribution of thermal output, mass ejection, and internal response of commercial cells are compared for different abuse-test conditions, which when normalized on a per amp-hour basis show a strong positive correlation between heat output from cells, the fraction of mass ejected from the cells, their energy- and power-density. Ejected mass was shown to contain 10x more heat per gram than non-ejected mass. The causes of 'outlier' thermal and ejection responses i.e., extreme cases, are elucidated by high-speed radiography which showed how occurrences such as vent clogging can create more hazardous conditions. High-speed radiography also demonstrated how the time-resolved interplay of thermal runaway propagation and mass ejection influences the total heat generated.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Developing a heavy-duty vehicle activity database to estimate start and idle emissions

Heavy-duty vehicle start and idling activities were characterized from two datasets to improve emission estimates in the MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES): 1. Fleet DNA from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and 2. A dataset collected by the University of California, Riverside for the California Air Resources Board. Furthermore, the combined dataset includes 564 commercial vehicles, over 23,000 vehicle days of operation and covers seven of the nine heavy-duty source types defined by MOVES. The start and idle activities are characterized and illustrated across MOVES source types, vocations, fleets, days, and hours. This study provides the most comprehensive analysis yet made publicly available to characterize start and idle activity for heavy-duty vehicles within the United States. The results also show there is significant uncertainty in the average heavy-duty idle and start activity due to the large variation in activity across fleets and vocations, and sparsity of nation-wide vehicle population data by vocation.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗