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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 433 records · Page 24
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1987

Space Station overview

This paper presents an overview of the Space Station, including program guidelines, international involvement, current baseline configuration, and utilization for science and application missions. Space Station configuration and capabilities, plus methods of utilizing the Space Station for scientific and engineering investigations, are described. The Space Station is being designed as a multipurpose facility to support a number of functions, such as a laboratory in space, a transportation node, an assembly facility, a staging base, etc. The description includes the baseline configuration, location of the pressurized modules, servicing and assembly facilities, and the work package structure for Space Station management. The Space Station will accommodate a wide variety of user requirements in laboratory modules and as attached payloads. To show the utility of the Space Station, a variety of science and application missions currently being studied for NASA at the Marshall Space Flight Center are discussed.

De Sanctis, Carmine E.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Human factors: Space

The objectives are to provide a technology base for intelligent operator interfaces, especially with autonomous subsystems, and to develop a new generation of high performance space suits, gloves, and tools/end effectors to meet the requirements of advanced space missions. The technology base is intended to meet the requirements of productivity, efficiency, and safety in complex manned operations within automated onboard systems and extravehicular activities (EVA) environments. Crew station research is the first of two major areas. Development of methods for the astronaut to supervise, monitor, and evaluate the performance of robotic systems, other space subsystems, and orbital vehicles are key areas of research. The second major area is development of an EVA space suit and gloves. Emphasis in the space human factors research program is placed on technology baseline studies and development of methods, techniques, and data to support productive and safe operations by the astronaut and crew as they interface with complex systems, advance automation, and robotic assistants.

Jenkins, James P.↗
NASA NTRS1992

An electrostatically suspended, micro-mechanical rate gyroscope

SatCon Technology has performed a study of micromechanical gyroscopes. The goals of this program were to define a baseline system configuration and establish technical feasibility for proof of principle and prototype fabrication. This report documents the research and presents the baseline mechanical design, sensors, control systems, and electronics. This section presents a project overview and specific technical objectives. Section 2 contains a background on micromechanical technology. Section 3 contains the microgyroscope specifications and configurations. Section 4 contains the electromechanical design. Section 5 outlines the control and electronics. Section 6 presents a preliminary sequence for microfabrication of the baseline design, and Section 7 contains conclusions and recommendations for further work.

Hawkey, Timothy↗
NASA NTRS1990

Space Station transportation node concepts and analysis

Accommodation of the new Human Exploration Initiative being developed by NASA requires Space Station Freedom to serve three major roles: first, as a facility for precursory technology development and life sciences research for both transportation systems and lunar/Mars outpost systems; second, as a transportation node capable of processing both lunar- and Mars-class transportation vehicles and their accompanying payloads. This processing includes all required initial vehicle assembly, mating, servicing, refurbishment, and repair. In addition, some amount of mission propellant may be stored and transferred on Freedom. Third, Freedom provides an ideal test bed for developing operational techniques that are applicable to the Human Exploration Initiative missions. The work performed under this task and presented in this briefing serves to define and prepare Space Station Freedom evolution in keeping with the mission needs stated above by: defining Freedom transportation node evolution configurations consistent with user requirements and program constraints; defining and incorporating baseline design accommodations (hardware 'scars' and software 'hooks') to satisfy evolution requirements; and identifying advanced technology that will enhance Freedom's capabilities and enables its evolution.

Cirillo, William↗
NASA NTRS1999

Concept Development of a Mach 1.6 High-Speed Civil Transport

A high-speed civil transport configuration with a Mach number of 1.6 was developed as part of the NASA High-Speed Research Program to serve as a baseline for assessing advanced technologies required for an aircraft with a service entry date of 2005. This configuration offered more favorable solutions to environmental concerns than configurations with higher Mach numbers. The Mach 1.6 configuration was designed for a 6500 n.mi. mission with a 250-passenger payload. The baseline configuration has a wing area of 8732 square feet a takeoff gross weight of 591570 lb, and four 41000-lb advanced turbine bypass engines defined by NASA. These engines have axisymmetric mixer-ejector nozzles that are assumed to yield 20 dB of noise suppression during takeoff, which is assumed to satisfy, the FAR Stage III noise requirements. Any substantial reduction in this assumed level of suppression would require oversizing the engines to meet community noise regulations and would severly impact the gross weight of the aircraft at takeoff. These engines yield a ratio of takeoff thrust to weight of 0.277 and a takeoff wing loading of 67.8 lb/square feet that results in a rotation speed of 169 knots. The approach velocity of the sized configuration at the end of the mission is 131 knots. The baseline configuration was resized with an engine having a projected life of 9000 hr for hot rotating parts and 18000 hr for the rest of the engine, as required for commercial use on an aircraft with a service entry date of 2005. Results show an increase in vehicle takeoff gross weight of approximately 58700 lb. This report presents the details of the configuration development, mass properties, aerodynamic design, propulsion system and integration, mission performance, and sizing.

Shields, Elwood W.↗
NASA NTRS2002

Reliability modeling for the Space Interferometry Mission

The Space Interferometry Mission in NASA's Origins Program is a 10m-baseline space-based Michelson interferometer scheduled for launch in 2009. This large instrument will measure the angles between stars to an accuracy of about one billionth of a degree of arc. This is an about two orders of magnitude over current astrometric instruments.

SIM reliability probability modeling↗
NASA NTRS2014

Amine Swingbed Payload Technology Demonstration

The Amine Swingbed is an amine-based, vacuum-regenerated adsorption technology for removing carbon dioxide and humidity from a habitable spacecraft environment, and is the baseline technology for the Orion Program’s Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV). It uses a pair of interleaved-layer beds filled with SA9T, the amine sorbent, and a linear multiball valve rotates 270° back and forth to control the flow of air and vacuum to adsorbing and desorbing beds. One bed adsorbs CO2 and H2O from cabin air while the other bed is exposed to vacuum for regeneration by venting the CO2 and H2O. The two beds are thermally linked, so no additional heating or cooling is required. The technology can be applied to habitable environments where recycling CO2 and H2O is not required such as short duration missions.

Sweterlitsch, Jeffrey↗
NASA NTRS2016

The Gamma-Ray Emitting Radio-Loud Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy PKS 2004-447 II. The Radio View

Context. gamma-ray-detected radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 (gamma-NLS1) galaxies constitute a small but interesting sample of the gamma-ray-loud AGN. The radio-loudest gamma-NLS1 known, PKS2004447, is located in the southern hemisphere and is monitored in the radio regime by the multiwavelength monitoring programme TANAMI. Aims. We aim for the first detailed study of the radio morphology and long-term radio spectral evolution of PKS2004447, which are essential for understanding the diversity of the radio properties of gamma-NLS1s. Methods. The TANAMI VLBI monitoring program uses the Australian Long Baseline Array (LBA) and telescopes in Antarctica, Chile, New Zealand, and South Africa to monitor the jets of radio-loud active galaxies in the southern hemisphere. Lower resolution radio flux density measurements at multiple radio frequencies over four years of observations were obtained with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). Results. The TANAMI VLBI image at 8.4GHz shows an extended one-sided jet with a dominant compact VLBI core. Its brightness temperature is consistent with equipartition, but it is an order of magnitude below other gamma-NLS1s with the sample value varying over two orders of magnitude. We find a compact morphology with a projected large-scale size 11 kpc and a persistent steep radio spectrum with moderate flux-density variability. Conclusions. PKS2004447 appears to be a unique member of the gamma-NLS1 sample. It exhibits blazar-like features, such as a flat featureless X-ray spectrum and a core-dominated, one-sided parsec-scale jet with indications for relativistic beaming. However, the data also reveal properties atypical for blazars, such as a radio spectrum and large-scale size consistent with compact-steep-spectrum (CSS) objects, which are usually associated with young radio sources. These characteristics are unique among all gamma-NLS1s and extremely rare among gamma-ray-loud AGN.

galaxies: active / galaxies: individual: PKS 2004-↗
DOE OSTI2018

The NO$v$A Test Beam Program

NO$\nu$A is a long-baseline off-axis beam neutrino experiment. By measuring $\nu_\mu$ disappearance and $\nu_e$ appearance at the 14 kiloton NO$\nu$A Far Detector, the experiment is addressing outstanding questions in neutrino physics, including the neutrino mass hierarchy and existence of leptonic CP violation. The NO$\nu$A Test Beam program, under deployment at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility, will use a scaled-down NO$\nu$A detector to sample beams of tagged electrons, muons, pions, and protons in the momentum range of 0.3 to 2 GeV/c. It will further the NO$\nu$A physics reach by precisely measuring the detector's muon energy scale and electromagnetic and hadronic response, and provide real data for detailed studies of particle identification techniques. Ongoing efforts on beam-line instrumentation, data acquisition, simulation, momentum reconstruction and particle identification are presented. Implications for the neutrino oscillation measurements are discussed.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
NASA NTRS2018

Repair of Sandwich Structure in Support of the Payload Adapter Fitting

As part of a program examining a composite payload adaptor fitting (PAF) for NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS), a repair study of impact damage and misdrilled holes was undertaken. At the beginning of this repair study, the PAF was baselined as a honeycomb sandwich structure with eight-ply quasi-isotropic, carbon-fiber-reinforced epoxy facesheets. Although the baseline configuration could change, the repair program presented herein is generic enough in nature such that it will apply to most sandwich configurations. The vast majority of loads experienced by this structure will be in-plane compression; thus, this repair study concentrates on the in-plane compression strength of representative sandwich structure specimens. The PAF is a truncated cone with a minimum diameter of about 170 inches at the top and a maximum diameter of about 335 inches at the bottom. While the launch vehicle hardware should be protected throughout its life on the ground, rogue events (or misdrilled holes) are still a possibility. This study is not meant to address large scale damage or damage to the part other than in the acreage (the uniform portion of the structure that does not consist of joints or other detailed areas), but address the most probable type of damages (small impacts and misdrilled holes) in the vast majority of the structure (the acreage).

Nettles, A. T.↗
DOE OSTI2016

Calcium Phosphate Constraints in HLW Glasses: Phosphate Liquidus Model

About 50 million gallons of high-level mixed waste is currently stored in underground tanks at the United States Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Hanford site in the State of Washington. The Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) will provide DOE’s Office of River Protection (ORP) with a means of treating this waste by vitrification for subsequent disposal. The tank waste will be separated into low- and high-activity waste fractions, which will then be vitrified respectively into Immobilized Low Activity Waste (ILAW) and Immobilized High Level Waste (IHLW) products. The ILAW product will be disposed in an engineered facility on the Hanford site while the IHLW product is designed for acceptance into a national geological disposal facility for high-level nuclear waste. The ILAW and IHLW products must meet a variety of requirements before they can be accepted for disposal. Glass property-composition models will be used to control the vitrification process at the WTP to ensure that the glass meets product quality and processability requirements. The quality and the validity ranges of the property-composition models and the supporting database will greatly influence waste treatment operations, including the waste loading that is achievable in the glass for each waste composition. The current baseline models for operation of the WTP were developed under the Bechtel National, Inc. (BNI) WTP contract. These models were based on LAW and HLW glass property data over a range of compositions that was guided primarily by the WTP contract and the set of tanks specified therein. The HLW testing was directed towards waste streams from the then-planned early feed tanks for the WTP (i.e., AZ-101, AZ-102, C-106/AY-102, and C-104/AY-101). These wastes are high in iron (AZ-101, AZ-102, and C-106/AY-102) or thorium (C-104/AY-101). While the baseline models may be adequate for commissioning of the facility and processing of the specified tanks, refinements and extensions or augmentations of these models will be required to process the balance of the tank waste inventory. The overall mission of the WTP will require the immobilization of tank waste compositions that are variously dominated by mixtures of aluminum, chromium, bismuth, iron, phosphorous, zirconium, and sulfur compounds as waste-loading-limiting components. Further, the WTP contract includes minimum waste loading requirements that are generally rather modest while loadings significantly higher than those in the current baseline are likely achievable. In order to achieve these higher waste loadings and to expand the applicable composition regions, new models will be needed to support the optimized operation of the WTP. Since the development of the baseline WTP models, ORP directed a program of work at the Vitreous State Laboratory (VSL) to examine various approaches for optimization of the performance of the WTP, including increasing the waste loadings in the LAW and HLW glass products. That work involved HLW rich in Al, Al+Na, Cr, Bi, S, Zr, Sr, P and Fe, in contrast to old baseline models that were based mostly on HLW tanks that were high in Fe, with one other that was also high in Th. Glass property data collected under the ORP program were compiled and combined with data collected to develop the WTP models. The combined databases have been used to update pre-existing HLW composition models or to develop new models for properties such as Product Consistency Test (PCT) responses, spinel crystallization (one-percent crystal fraction temperature, T 1% ), melt viscosity, melt electrical conductivity, nepheline formation upon slow cooling (i.e., Canister Centerline Cooling [CCC]), and Toxicity Characteristic Leach Procedure (TCLP) Cd response. While spinel is typically the most commonly occurring phase in HLW glasses, other phases can be limiting depending on the waste and glass composition. For example, various phosphate phases can become important as the phosphorus content increases. Lithium phosphate crystallization can impact PCT releases of HLW glasses, while calcium phosphate phases forming in the cold-cap can deleteriously impact feed processing in the melter. At present, however, no models exist that relate glass composition and crystallization of phosphate phases in general and calcium phosphate in particular. The present work was therefore directed towards the initial development of such models. Future work may be directed at studying amorphous phase separation in high phosphate HLW glasses. Within the River Protection Project, feed compositions are projected using the Hanford Tank Waste Operations Simulator (HTWOS), a dynamic computer model that tracks the waste through storage, retrieval, feed staging, and treatment processes. A review of the HTWOS data shows that WTP will process 4106 batches of HLW glass for the overall mission (System Plan Rev. 6, ORP-11242), each with its own waste feed and glass composition. Some of the projected HTWOS feed batches are expected to have relatively high concentrations of phosphorous compared to typical HLW streams. In the 4106 batches of HLW for the overall WTP mission P 2 O 5 varies from 0.59 wt% to 13.00 wt%, with 95 batches containing at least 10 wt% P 2 O 5 . Occurrences of phosphate crystals have commonly been noted in glasses with high bismuth and phosphorus contents. In addition, recently collected data from a set of statistically designed HLW matrix glasses prepared and characterized to support enhancement of the HLW glass property-composition models identified apatite in a number of glass samples. However, the current HLW model for crystallization (one-percent crystal fraction temperature) is applicable only to spinel crystallization in glasses. Previous projections of waste loadings and glass volume (such as those in System Plan Rev. 6, ORP-11242) have used preliminary constraints for calcium phosphate crystallization that are based on the limited available data. Additional data and improved constraints or, preferably, models that relate glass composition to crystallization of phosphate-containing phases, are therefore needed to support HLW vitrification at the WTP. The present study focuses on the development of such a model based on data from previously characterized glasses and a set of newly fabricated glasses.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2019

The NOvA Test Beam Program

NOvA is a two-detector long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment which aims to make a determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy, the octant of ${\theta}_{23}$, and measure possible CP violation. The NOvA Test Beam program consists of a scaled-down NOvA detector placed in a beamline capable of delivering 0.3 - 2.0 GeV/c protons, electrons, pions, and kaons. The beamline detectors provide us with particle identification and momentum measurements so we can study our detector technology with known inputs. Studying these particles will provide us a more detailed understanding of our calibration, detector response, and energy scale, which are some of the largest sources of systematic uncertainty in NOvA analyses. We will also collect a selection of single-particle data events for training particle identification algorithms. I will present the current status of the NOvA Test Beam program and discuss plans for data taking and analysis.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2014

The SNL100-03 Blade: Design Studies with Flatback Airfoils for the Sandia 100-meter Blade.

A series of design studies were performed to inv estigate the effects of flatback airfoils on blade performance and weight for large blades using the Sandi a 100-meter blade designs as a starting point. As part of the study, the effects of varying the blade slenderness on blade structural performance was investigated. The advantages and disadvantages of blad e slenderness with respect to tip deflection, flap- wise & edge-wise fatigue resistance, panel buckling capacity, flutter speed, manufacturing labor content, blade total weight, and aerodynamic design load magn itude are quantified. Following these design studies, a final blade design (SNL100-03) was prod uced, which was based on a highly slender design using flatback airfoils. The SNL100-03 design with flatback airfoils has weight of 49 tons, which is about 16% decrease from its SNL100-02 predecessor that used conventional sharp trailing edge airfoils. Although not systematically optimized, the SNL100 -03 design study provides an assessment of and insight into the benefits of flatback airfoils for la rge blades as well as insights into the limits or negative consequences of high blade slenderness resulting from a highly slender SNL100-03 planform as was chosen in the final design definition. This docum ent also provides a description of the final SNL100-03 design definition and is intended to be a companion document to the distribution of the NuMAD blade model files for SNL100-03, which are made publicly available. A summary of the major findings of the Sandia 100-meter blade development program, from the initial SNL100-00 baseline blade through the fourth SNL100-03 blade study, is provided. This summary includes the major findings and outcomes of blade d esign studies, pathways to mitigate the identified large blade design drivers, and tool development that were produced over the course of this five-year research program. A summary of large blade tec hnology needs and research opportunities is also presented.

Griffith, Daniel↗
DOE OSTI2019

Final Electrochemical Safeguards Model for the MPACT 2020 Milestone.

The Material Protection, Accounting, and Control Technologies (MPACT) program is working toward a 2020 demonstration of Safeguards and Security by Design for advanced fuel cycle facilities. This milestone ties together modeling and experimental work and will initially demonstrate the concept for electrochemical processing facilities. The safeguards modeling tool used is the Separation and Safeguards Performance Model (SSPM). This report outlines the baseline model design that will be used for the 2020 milestone analysis, which was updated to represent a new baseline flowsheet developed for the MPACT program. The model was also used to generate simulation data for other labs to use as part of their safeguards analysis. Finally, this report describes how the 2020 milestone will be met. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was funded by the Materials Protection, Accounting, and Control Technologies (MPACT) working group as part of the Nuclear Technology Research and Development Program under the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy.

98 NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL P↗
DOE OSTI2016

The LArIAT experiment at Fermilab

The LArIAT experiment at Fermilab is part of the International Neutrino program recently approved in the US. LArIAT aims to measure the main features of charged particles interactions in argon in the energy range (0.2 - 2.0 GeV) corresponding to the energy spectrum of the same particles when produced in a neutrino-argon interaction (neutrino energies of few GeV) typical of the short- and long-baseline neutrino beams of the Neutrino Program. Data collected from the 1 st Run are being analyzed for both Physics studies and a technical characterization of the scintillation light collection system. Furthermore, two analysis topics are reported: the method developed for charged pion cross section measurement, based on the specific features of the LArTPC, and the development and test of the LArIAT custom-designed cold front-end electronics for SiPM devices to collect LAr scintillation light.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
NASA NTRS2003

Design and Test of Fan/Nacelle Models Quiet High-Speed Fan Design

The primary objective of the Quiet High-Speed Fan (QHSF) program was to develop an advanced high-speed fan design that will achieve a 6 dB reduction in overall fan noise over a baseline configuration while maintaining similar performance. The program applies and validates acoustic, aerodynamic, aeroelastic, and mechanical design tools developed by NASA, US industry, and academia. The successful fan design will be used in an AlliedSignal Engines (AE) advanced regional engine to be marketed in the year 2000 and beyond. This technology is needed to maintain US industry leadership in the regional turbofan engine market.

Miller, Christopher J.↗
NASA NTRS2004

Inflatable space structures technology development for large radar antennas.

There has been recent interest in inflatable space-structures technology for possible applications on US. Department of Defense (DOD) missions because of the technology's potential for high mechanical-packaging efficiency, variable stowed geometry, and deployment reliability. In recent years, the DOD-sponsored Large Radar Antenna Program (LRA) applied this new technology to a baseline concept: an inflatablehigidizable (lU) perimeter-truss structure supporting a meshhet parabolic-reflector antenna. The program addressed (a) truss concept development, (b) rigidizable materials concepts assessment, (c) meshhet concept selection and integration, and (d) developed potential mechanical-system p erformance estimates. Critical and enabling technologies were validated, especially orbital radiation durable rigidized materials, and high modulus, inflatable-deployablet russ numbers.

Willis, Paul↗