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At least 433 records · Page 24
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2013

High Power Co-Axial Coupler

A very high power Coax RF Coupler (MW-Level) is very desirable for a number of accelerator and commercial applications. For example, the development of such a coupler operating at 1.5 GHz may permit the construction of a higher-luminosity version of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) being planned at JLab. Muons, Inc. is currently funded by a DOE STTR grant to develop a 1.5-GHz high-power doublewindowcoax coupler with JLab (about 150 kW). Excellent progress has been made on this R&D project, so we propose an extension of this development to build a very high power coax coupler (MW level peak power and a max duty factor of about 4%). The dimensions of the current coax coupler will be scaled up to provide higher power capability.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2024

The science case for an intermediate energy advanced and novel accelerator linear collider facility

It is widely accepted that the next lepton collider beyond a Higgs factory would require center-of-mass energy of the order of up to 15 TeV. Since, given reasonable space and cost restrictions, conventional accelerator technology reaches its limits near this energy, high-gradient advanced acceleration concepts are attractive. Advanced and novel accelerators (ANAs) are leading candidates due to their ability to produce acceleration gradients on the order of 1–100 GV/m, leading to compact acceleration facilities. However, intermediate energy facilities (IEF) are required to test the critical technology elements on the way towards multi-TeV-class colliders. Here a science case for a 20–100 GeV center-of-mass energy ANA-based lepton collider that can be a candidate for an intermediate energy facility is presented. The IEF can provide numerous opportunities for high energy physics studies including precision Quantum Chromodynamics and Beyond the Standard Model physics measurements, investigation of charged particle interactions with extreme electromagnetic fields, and exploring muon and proton beam acceleration. Possible applications of this collider include the studies of γγ and electron beam-fixed target/beamdump collider designs. Thus, the goal of the proposed IEF is to both carry out particle physics measurements in the 20-100 GeV ranges as well as to serve as an ANA demonstrator facility.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2011

IDR Muon Capture Front End and Variations

The (International Design Report) IDR neutrino factory scenario for capture, bunching, phase-energy rotation and initial cooling of {mu}'s produced from a proton source target is explored. It requires a drift section from the target, a bunching section and a {phi}-{delta}E rotation section leading into the cooling channel. The rf frequency changes along the bunching and rotation transport in order to form the 's into a train of equal-energy bunches suitable for cooling and acceleration. Optimization and variations are discussed. An important concern is rf limitations within the focusing magnetic fields; mitigation procedures are described. The method can be extended to provide muons for a {mu}{sup +}-{mu}{sup -} Collider; variations toward optimizing that extension are discussed.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2012

Acceleration in the linear non-scaling fixed-field alternating-gradient accelerator EMMA

In a fixed-field alternating-gradient (FFAG) accelerator, eliminating pulsed magnet operation permits rapid acceleration to synchrotron energies, but with a much higher beam-pulse repetition rate. Conceived in the 1950s, FFAGs are enjoying renewed interest, fuelled by the need to rapidly accelerate unstable muons for future high-energy physics colliders. Until now a 'scaling' principle has been applied to avoid beam blow-up and loss. Removing this restriction produces a new breed of FFAG, a non-scaling variant, allowing powerful advances in machine characteristics. We report on the first non-scaling FFAG, in which orbits are compacted to within 10?mm in radius over an electron momentum range of 12-18 MeV/c. In this strictly linear-gradient FFAG, unstable beam regions are crossed, but acceleration via a novel serpentine channel is so rapid that no significant beam disruption is observed. This result has significant implications for future particle accelerators, particularly muon and high-intensity proton accelerators.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2012

The Muon Certification Procedure of the D0 Experiment in Run II

This technical memo note describes the procedures used by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron p¯p Collider to determine the identification and reconstruction efficiencies for specific muon selection criteria for both data and Monte Carlo simulation. Dedicated corrections for the muons satisfying these criteria are derived, thus certifying them to be used in physics analyses at D0. The results of the efficiencies of certified muons are presented for a sub-sample of 4.2 fb -1 collected by the D0 experiment. The experimental techniques and procedures employed here are identical to those used for the full 9.7 fb -1 dataset.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Measurements of single top quark production cross sections and |V tb | in pp̄ collisions at √s=1.96 TeV

We present measurements of production cross sections of single top quarks in pp̄ collisions at √s=1.96 TeV in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb⁻¹ collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We select events with an isolated electron or muon, an imbalance in transverse energy, and two, three, or four jets, with one or two of them containing a bottom hadron. We obtain an inclusive cross section of σ(pp̄→tb+X,tqb+X)=3.43± 0.73 0.74 pb and use it to extract the CKM matrix element 0.79<|V tb |≤1 at the 95% C.L. We also measure σ(pp̄→tb+X)=0.68±0.380.35 pb and σ(pp̄→tqb+X)=2.86± 0.69 0.63 pb when assuming, respectively, tqb and tb production rates as predicted by the standard model.

Abazov, V. M.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Performance of prototype GE1/1 chambers for the CMS muon spectrometer upgrade

The high-luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) will result in ten times higher particle background than measured during the first phase of LHC operation. In order to fully exploit the highly-demanding operating conditions during HL-LHC, the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) Collaboration will use Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detector technology. The technology will be integrated into the innermost region of the forward muon spectrometer of CMS as an additional muon station called GE1/1. The primary purpose of this auxiliary station is to help in muon reconstruction and to control level-1 muon trigger rates in the pseudo-rapidity region 1.6 ≤ |η| ≤ 2.2. The new station will contain trapezoidal-shaped GEM detectors called GE1/1 chambers. The design of these chambers is finalized, and the installation is in progress during the Long Shutdown phase two (LS-2) that started in 2019. Several full-size prototypes were built and operated successfully in various test beams at CERN. Here, we describe performance measurements such as gain, efficiency, and time resolution of these prototype chambers, developed after years of R&D, and summarize their behavior in different gas compositions as a function of the applied voltage.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2021

Muon g -2 anomaly and neutrino magnetic moments

We show that a unified framework based on an SU(2) H horizontal symmetry which generates a naturally large neutrino transition magnetic moment and explains the XENON1T electron recoil excess also predicts a positive shift in the muon anomalous magnetic moment. This shift is of the right magnitude to be consistent with the Brookhaven measurement as well as the recent Fermilab measurement of the muon g-2. A relatively light neutral scalar from a Higgs doublet with mass near 100 GeV contributes to muon g-2, while its charged partner induces the neutrino magnetic moment. In contrast to other multi-scalar theories, in the model presented here there is no freedom to control the sign and strength of the muon g-2 contribution. We analyze the collider tests of this framework and find that the HL-LHC can probe the entire parameter space of these models.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2012

Global study of the simplest scalar phantom dark matter model

We present a global study of the simplest scalar phantom dark matter model. The best fit parameters of the model are determined by simultaneously imposing (i) relic density constraint from WMAP, (ii) 225 live days data from direct experiment XENON100, (iii) upper limit of gamma-ray flux from Fermi-LAT indirect detection based on dwarf spheroidal satellite galaxies, and (iv) the Higgs boson candidate with a mass about 125 GeV and its invisible branching ratio no larger than 40% if the decay of the Higgs boson into a pair of dark matter is kinematically allowed. The allowed parameter space is then used to predict annihilation cross sections for gamma-ray lines, event rates for three processes mono-b jet, single charged lepton and two charged leptons plus missing energies at the Large Hadron Collider, as well as to evaluate the muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment for the model.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Search for charged-lepton-flavor violating μ τ q t interactions in top-quark production and decay in p p collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

A search for charged-lepton-flavor violating μ τ q t (q = u, c) ) interactions is presented, considering both top-quark production and decay. The data analyzed correspond to 140 fb -1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis targets events containing two muons with the same electric charge, a hadronically decaying $\tau$ -lepton and at least one jet, with exactly one b -tagged jet, produced by a μ τ q t interaction. Agreement with the Standard Model expectation within 1.6 standard deviations is observed, and limits are set at the 95% confidence level (CL) on the charged-lepton-flavor violation branching ratio of $\mathcal{B}$(t → μ$\tau$q) < 8.7 x 10 -7 . An effective field theory interpretation is performed yielding 95% CL limits on Wilson coefficients, dependent on the flavor of the associated light quark and the Lorentz structure of the coupling. These range from |c$^{3(2313)}_{lequ}$|Λ 2 < 0.10 TeV -2 for μ$\tau$ut to |c$^{1(2323)}_{lequ}$| /Λ 2 < 1.8 TeV -2 for μ$\tau$ct. An additional interpretation is performed for scalar leptoquark production inducing charged-lepton-flavor violation, with fixed intergenerational couplings. Upper limits on leptoquark coupling strengths are set at the 95% CL, ranging from $\lambda$ LQ = 1.3 to $\lambda$ LQ =3.7 for leptoquark masses between 0.5 and 2.0 TeV.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Studies of dijet transverse momentum balance and pseudorapidity distributions in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02$ $\,\text {TeV}$

Dijet production has been measured in pPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. A data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 inverse-nanobarns was collected using the Compact Muon Solenoid detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The dijet transverse momentum balance, azimuthal angle correlations, and pseudorapidity distributions are studied as a function of the transverse energy in the forward calorimeters ($E_T^{4\lt |\eta| \lt 5.2}$). For pPb collisions, the dijet transverse momentum ratio and the width of the distribution of dijet azimuthal angle difference are comparable to the same quantities obtained from a simulated pp reference and insensitive to $E_T^{4\lt |\eta| \lt 5.2}$. In contrast, the mean value of the dijet pseudorapidity is found to change monotonically with increasing $E_T^{4\lt |\eta| \lt 5.2}$, indicating a correlation between the energy emitted at large pseudorapidity and the longitudinal motion of the dijet frame. As a result, the pseudorapidity distribution of the dijet system is compared with next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD predictions obtained from both nucleon and nuclear parton distribution functions, and the data more closely match the latter.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Search for contact interactions in the dielectron channel in p-p collisions at √s=8

A possible explanation of mass hierarchy, which is not explained by the Standard Model, is that quarks and leptons are composite objects made of more fundamental particles known as preons. The existence of preons will be manifest as a four fermion contact interaction in the annihilation of a quark and anti-quark, in a p-p collision, producing positron-electron pairs. At high mass, such pairs are also produced from off-shell Z and γ bosons. This thesis provides a detailed discussion of the analysis strategy to study these processes using the Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The study utilizes data recorded in 2012 at √s = 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 fb -1 . The dielectron mass spectrum above 300 GeV shows no significant deviation from the prediction of the Standard Model. In the framework of the left-left iso-scalar model of eeqq contact interactions, 95\% CL lower limits on the energy scale parameter are found for destructive (13.1 TeV) and constructive (18.3 TeV) interference between the contact and standard model amplitudes. These limits are the most stringent to date.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Z(gamma) production and limits on anomalous ZZ(gamma) and Z(gamma gamma) couplings in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s 1.96 TeV

We present a measurement of p{bar p} {yields} Z{sub {gamma}} {yields} {ell}{sup +}{ell}{sup -}{sub {gamma}} ({ell} = e, {mu}) production with a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.2 fb{sup -1} collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron p{bar p} Collider. The results of the electron and muon channels are combined, and we measure the total production cross section and the differential cross section d{sigma}/dp{sub T}{sup {gamma}}, where p{sub T}{sup {gamma}} is the momentum of the photon in the plane transverse to the beam line. The results obtained are consistent with the standard model predictions from next-to-leading order use ttransverse momentum spectrum of the photon to place limits on anomalous ZZ{gamma} and Z{gamma}{gamma} couplings.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Performance of the ATLAS RPC detector and Level-1 muon barrel trigger at √(s)=13 TeV

The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) employs a trigger system consisting of a first-level hardware trigger (L1) and a software-based high-level trigger. The L1 muon trigger system selects muon candidates, assigns them to the correct LHC bunch crossing and classifies them into one of six transverse-momentum threshold classes. The L1 muon trigger system uses resistive-plate chambers (RPCs) to generate the muon-induced trigger signals in the central (barrel) region of the ATLAS detector. The ATLAS RPCs are arranged in six concentric layers and operate in a toroidal magnetic field with a bending power of 1.5 to 5.5 Tm. The RPC detector consists of about 3700 gas volumes with a total surface area of more than 4000 m2. This paper reports on the performance of the RPC detector and L1 muon barrel trigger using 60.8 fb-1 of proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment in 2018 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. Detector and trigger performance are studied using Z boson decays into a muon pair. Measurements of the RPC detector response, efficiency, and time resolution are reported. Measurements of the L1 muon barrel trigger efficiencies and rates are presented, along with measurements of the properties of the selected sample of muon candidates. Measurements of the RPC currents, counting rates and mean avalanche charge are performed using zero-bias collisions. Finally, RPC detector response and efficiency are studied at different high voltage and front-end discriminator threshold settings in order to extrapolate detector response to the higher luminosity expected for the High Luminosity LHC.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2023

Electronics for the far-forward CMS muon detector upgrade, ME0

Abstract With the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) we expect increased instantaneous luminosities up to 7.5 × 10 34 cm −2 s −1 , or five times more than the original values. In order to maintain performance of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment under these conditions, ME0 is one of three new muon sub-detectors being added, along with GE1/1 and GE2/1, which use the triple Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology. ME0 is designed to cover the forward region of 2.0 < | η | < 2.8, thus improving muon reconstruction at high background rates by supplementing other overlapping muon subsystems up to | η | = 2.4, while also extending the acceptance for the first time to | η | = 2.8. The readout electronics for ME0 must be designed to accommodate high data rates and be sufficiently radiation hard to operate close to the beamline. The Optohybrid (OH) board for ME0, which reads out data from the front-end VFAT3b ASICs, has therefore been designed to operate without an FPGA (unlike GE1/1 and GE2/1) to ensure radiation hardness. The ME0 OH uses the radiation-hard CERN-designed lpGBT ASIC and VTRx+ optical transceiver module for high bandwidth optical links up to 10.24 Gb/s. The backend system is based on the ATCA standard. The design and development status of the readout electronics for ME0 is presented, along with recent results from integration tests performed using the first prototypes.

Instruments & Instrumentation↗
DOE OSTI2012

Search for anomalous production of multiple leptons in association with $W$ and $Z$ bosons at CDF

This paper presents a search for anomalous production of multiple low-energy leptons in association with a W or Z boson using events collected at the CDF experiment corresponding to 5.1 fb{sup -1} of integrated luminosity. This search is sensitive to a wide range of topologies with low-momentum leptons, including those with the leptons near one another. The observed rates of production of additional electrons and muons are compared with the standard model predictions. No indications of phenomena beyond the standard model are found. A 95% confidence level limit is presented on the production cross section for a benchmark model of supersymmetric hidden-valley Higgs production. Particle identification efficiencies are also provided to enable the calculation of limits on additional models.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2011

$W$ and $Z$ Boson Cross Section and $W$ Asymmetry at CMS

We report the measurement of the rates and asymmetries of inclusive and differential production of W and Z vector bosons in pp collisions at {radical}s = 7 TeV. The data consists of 36 pb{sup -1} collected in the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The measured inclusive cross sections are {sigma}(pp {yields} WX) x B(W {yields} {ell}{nu}) = 10.31 {+-} 0.02(stat.){+-}0.09 (syst.){+-}0.10(th.){+-}0.41(lumi.) nb and {sigma}(pp {yields} ZX) x B(Z {yields} {ell}{ell}) = 0.975 {+-} 0.007(stat.){+-}0.007 (syst.){+-}0.018(th.){+-}0.039(lumi.) nb. The measured inclusive cross sections and also its ratio of W to Z or W{sup +} to W{sup -} agree with NNLO QCD cross section calculations and current parton distribution functions (PDFs). The differential production asymmetry of W boson as a function of the lepton pseudorapidity in the final state is also measured and compared with various PDFs.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2022

Positron sources: from conventional to advanced accelerator concepts-based colliders

Positron sources are the key elements for the future and current lepton collider projects such as ILC, CLIC, SuperKEKB, FCC-ee, Muon Collider/LEMMA, etc., introducing challenging critical requirements for high intensity and low emittance beams in order to achieve high luminosity. In fact, due to their large production emittance and constraints given by the target thermal load, the main collider parameters such as the peak and average current, the emittances, the damping time, the repetition frequency and consequently the luminosity are determined by the positron beam characteristics. In this work, the conventional positron sources and their main properties are explored for giving an indication to the challenges that apply during the design of the advanced accelerator concepts. The photon-driven positron sources as the novel approach proposed, primarily for the future linear colliders, are described highlighting their variety and problematic.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗