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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 433 records · Page 24
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

SU-D-207-07: Implementation of Full/half Bowtie Filter Model in a Commercial Treatment Planning System for Kilovoltage X-Ray Imaging Dose Estimation

Purpose: To implement full/half bowtie filter models in a commercial treatment planning system (TPS) to calculate kilovoltage (kV) x-ray imaging dose of Varian On-Board Imager (OBI) cone beam CT (CBCT) system. Methods: Full/half bowtie filters of Varian OBI were created as compensator models in Pinnacle TPS (version 9.6) using Matlab software (version 2011a). The profiles of both bowtie filters were acquired from the manufacturer, imported into the Matlab system and hard coded in binary file format. A Pinnacle script was written to import each bowtie filter data into a Pinnacle treatment plan as a compensator. A kV x-ray beam model without including the compensator model was commissioned per each bowtie filter setting based on percent depth dose and lateral profile data acquired from Monte Carlo simulations. To validate the bowtie filter models, a rectangular water phantom was generated in the planning system and an anterior/posterior beam with each bowtie filter was created. Using the Pinnacle script, each bowtie filter compensator was added to the treatment plan. Lateral profile at the depth of 3cm and percent depth dose were measured using an ion chamber and compared with the data extracted from the treatment plans. Results: The kV x-ray beams for both full and half bowtie filter have been modeled in a commercial TPS. The difference of lateral and depth dose profiles between dose calculations and ion chamber measurements were within 6%. Conclusion: Both full/half bowtie filter models provide reasonable results in kV x-ray dose calculations in the water phantom. This study demonstrates the possibility of using a model-based treatment planning system to calculate the kV imaging dose for both full and half bowtie filter modes. Further study is to be performed to evaluate the models in clinical situations.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

HALOS (Heliostat Aimpoint and Layout Optimization Software) [SWR-21-41]

Heliostat Aimpoint and Layout Optimization Software (HALOS) is an open-source software package that allows users to explore solar field layout optimization, aimpoint strategy optimization, and performance characterization of concentrating solar power tower plants. Users interface with the tool through python, and results are reported in time series tables, plots, runtime logs, and flat-file outputs. Users choose from a list of variables such as tower height, receiver capacity, flux limits, design-point irradiance, etc., and specify information about the system using a small collection of flat files. The software can then optimize the specified variables (e.g., aimpoints for each heliostat) to maximize the thermal energy delivered to the receiver while adhering to flux limits. HALOS is implemented to be flexible with respect to flux characterization methods, but includes a direct connection to NREL's SolarPILOT™ software via its python API so that users can utilize high-fidelity flux simulation methods that have already been developed.

Zolan, Alexander↗
DOE OSTI2019

2019 CyberFire West: Malware Analysis Day 2 - Part 2

Summary: Stage 1 – IT: Attacker relied on common attack methods rather than zero-day vulnerabilities and exploits. Used native system tools and custom tools to move files, capture credentials, mapping the network. Stage 2 – ICS (OT): Persistence on the IT network allowed further mapping of resources and equipment, which allowed custom malware to target specific systems.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2026

MADA: Multi-Agent Design Assistant

MADA (Multi-Agent Design Assistant) is a Large Language Model (LLM) powered multi-agent framework that coordinates specialized agents for complex design workflows. The system was designed for HPC workflows with the following agents in mind: 1) A Job Management Agent (JMA) launches and manages ensemble simulations on HPC systems, 2) a Geometry Agent (GA) generates meshes, and 3) an Inverse Design Agent (IDA) proposes new designs informed by simulation outcomes. Our framework reduces cumbersome manual workflow setup, and enables automated design exploration at scale. However, the software also enables users to rapidly create new multi-agent systems. Simply define new agents in a configuration file, giving each their own set of tools (via MCP), and then chat and prompt your new multi-agent system. Is

Gunnarson, BrianS [Lawrence Livermore National Lab↗
DOE OSTI2017

File format for normalizing radiological concentration exposure rate and dose rate data for the effects of radioactive decay and weathering processes

This report specifies the electronic file format that was agreed upon to be used as the file format for normalized radiological data produced by the software tool developed under this TI project. The NA-84 Technology Integration (TI) Program project (SNL17-CM-635, Normalizing Radiological Data for Analysis and Integration into Models) investigators held a teleconference on December 7, 2017 to discuss the tasks to be completed under the TI program project. During this teleconference, the TI project investigators determined that the comma-separated values (CSV) file format is the most suitable file format for the normalized radiological data that will be outputted from the normalizing tool developed under this TI project. The CSV file format was selected because it provides the requisite flexibility to manage different types of radiological data (i.e., activity concentration, exposure rate, dose rate) from other sources [e.g., Radiological Assessment and Monitoring System (RAMS), Aerial Measuring System (AMS), Monitoring and Sampling). The CSV file format also is suitable for the file format of the normalized radiological data because this normalized data can then be ingested by other software [e.g., RAMS, Visual Sampling Plan (VSP)] used by the NA-84’s Consequence Management Program.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2016

A Radiation-Triggered Surveillance System for UF6 Cylinder Monitoring

This report provides background information and representative scenarios for testing a prototype radiation-triggered surveillance system at an operating facility that handles uranium hexafluoride (UF 6 ) cylinders. The safeguards objective is to trigger cameras using radiation, or radiation and motion, rather than motion alone, to reduce significantly the number of image files generated by a motion-triggered system. The authors recommend the use of radiation-triggered surveillance at all facilities where cylinder paths are heavily traversed by personnel. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has begun using surveillance cameras in the feed and withdrawal areas of gas centrifuge enrichment plants (GCEPs). The cameras generate imagery using elapsed time or motion, but this creates problems in areas occupied 24/7 by personnel. Either motion-or-interval-based triggering generates thousands of review files over the course of a month. Since inspectors must review the files to verify operator material-flow-declarations, a plethora of files significantly extends the review process. The primary advantage of radiation-triggered surveillance is the opportunity to obtain full-time cylinder throughput verification versus what presently amounts to part-time verification. Cost savings should be substantial, as the IAEA presently uses frequent unannounced inspections to verify cylinder-throughput declarations. The use of radiation-triggered surveillance allows the IAEA to implement less frequent unannounced inspections for the purpose of flow verification, but its principal advantage is significantly shorter and more effective inspector video reviews.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Data Import Manager

The Data Import Manager is a part of PRISM, the Proteomics Research Information and Management System. The Data Import Manager monitors a central folder for new dataset trigger files, which are XML files that specify metadata for new datasets to import into the Data Management System (DMS). The Data Import Manager validates the metadata in the XML trigger file, notifying the instrument operator by e-mail if invalid metadata is encountered. After processing each XML trigger file, the file is moved into either a success or failure folder.

Monroe, Matthew↗
DOE OSTI2016

SU-F-T-524: Investigation of the Dosimertric Benefits of Interchangeable Source Size of a Novel Rotating Gamma System

Purpose: Tremendous technological developments were made for conformal therapy techniques with linear accelerators, while less attention was paid to cobalt-60 units. The aim of the current study is to explore the dosimetric benefits of a novel rotating gamma ray system enhanced with interchangeable source sizes and multi-leaf collimator (MLC). Material and Methods: CybeRT is a novel rotating gamma ray machine with a ring gantry that ensures an iso-center accuracy of less than 0.3 mm. The new machine has a 70cm source axial distance allowing for improved penumbra compared to conventional machines. MCBEAM was used to simulate Cobalt-60 beams from the CybeRT head, while the MCPLAN code was used for modeling the MLC and for phantom/patient dose calculation. The CybeRT collimation will incorporate a system allowing for interchanging source sizes. In this work we have created phase space files for 1cm and 2cm source sizes. Evaluation of the system was done by comparing CybeRT beams with the 6MV beams in a water phantom and in patient geometry. Treatment plans were compared based on isodose distributions and dose volume histograms. Results: Profiles for the 1cm source were comparable to that from 6MV in the order of 6mm for 10×10 cm{sup 2} field size at the depth of maximum dose. This could ascribe to Cobalt-60 beams producing lowerenergy secondary electrons. Although, the 2cm source have a larger penumbra however it could be still used for large targets with proportionally increased dose rate. For large lung targets, the difference between cobalt and 6MV plans is clinically insignificant. Our preliminary results showed that interchanging source sizes will allow cobalt beams for volumetric arc therapy of both small lesions and large tumors. Conclusion: The CybeRT system will be a cost effective machine capable of performing advanced radiation therapy treatments of both small tumors and large target volumes.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Reactive Transport Modeling of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage System at Stockton, NJ

This is the modeling data (input/output files of TOUGHREACT 4.10) used to simulate the reactive transport processes of the Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) operations at Stockton University, NJ. Readme.txt lists all the files. TOUGHREACT 4.10 requires to reproduce the modeling output. The modeling data in this submission is related to the Aquifer Injection for Energy Storage purposes outlined in "Reactive Transport Modeling of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage System at Stockton, NJ During Seasonal Operations".

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Pavilion 2 Feature Additions [Slides]

Pavilion 2 is a critical component of system testing for LANL HPC systems. Pavilion 2 is system independent, which allows for the creation of a large suite of generalized tests than can be applied to multiple systems. These additions to Pavilion 2 improve our ability to test systems and diagnose issues. With such a large suite, running the proper tests when diagnosing and fixing a system can be difficult, as well as locating old tests for reference. Test configurations may contain several permutations of a test, not all of which may apply to a given system. The ability to run sets of test permutations lets the tester focus on specific parts of the test without having to edit the test configurations or run extraneous tests. The addition of the filter argument improves the ability to find test results based on test attributes, including past tests. Pavilion 2's system independence is largely based on various layers of configuration files. Configuration files for the host, test, and modes exist to allow generalized testing. The operating system configuration layer can provide helpful OS defaults to a test. Survey, a collection and reporting tool, can help us gauge the performance of a system as well as diagnose issues. The addition of a Survey mode in Pavilion 2 makes running tests with Survey very straightforward. The Survey results are combined with Pavilion 2's test results to make it easy to access.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2023

Pavilion 2 Feature Additions [Slides]

Pavilion 2 is a critical component of system testing for LANL HPC systems. Pavilion 2 is system independent, which allows for the creation of a large suite of generalized tests than can be applied to multiple systems. These additions to Pavilion 2 improve our ability to test systems and diagnose issues. With such a large suite, running the proper tests when diagnosing and fixing a system can be difficult, as well as locating old tests for reference. Test configurations may contain several permutations of a test, not all of which may apply to a given system. The ability to run sets of test permutations lets the tester focus on specific parts of the test without having to edit the test configurations or run extraneous tests. The addition of the filter argument improves the ability to find test results based on test attributes, including past tests. Pavilion 2's system independence is largely based on various layers of configuration files. Configuration files for the host, test, and modes exist to allow generalized testing. The operating system configuration layer can provide helpful OS defaults to a test. Survey, a collection and reporting tool, can help us gauge the performance of a system as well as diagnose issues. The addition of a Survey mode in Pavilion 2 makes running tests with Survey very straightforward. The Survey results are combined with Pavilion 2's test results to make it easy to access.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Nuclear Data and Cross Section Testing Using ENDF/B-VIII.0

With the release of the Evaluated Nuclear Data File (ENDF)/B-VIII.0 library, nuclear criticality safety practitioners and engineers have access to the latest cross section sets available for their analyses. However, these cross sections must be rigorously tested and validated to ensure that the nuclear data are responsive to the needs of the individuals responsible for developing, implementing, and maintaining computational tools for criticality safety applications. Thus, the ENDF/B-VIII.0 library is tested and validated with a large collection of experiments that were vetted by the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project and made available in the International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments. A selection of benchmark experiments for use within the criticality safety community were prepared and reviewed within the Verified, Archived Library of Inputs and Data (VALID), which is maintained by the Nuclear Energy and Fuel Cycle Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The performance of the ENDF/B-VIII.0 library is assessed by using VALID models of benchmark experiments with the beta 12 version of SCALE 6.3 KENO V.a and KENO-VI Monte Carlo codes. The performance is compared with the results obtained from with the ENDF/B-VII.1 library. This report considers multigroup (MG) and continuous energy (CE) formats of the ENDF/B-VIII.0 and -VII.1 libraries. The benchmark experiments within VALID that validate the ENDF/B-VIII.0 library cover 15 broad system categories by using a range of fissile materials, uranium enrichments, plutonium isotopic vectors, and mixed uranium/plutonium systems. These forms are represented as metals, solutions, or various arrays of rods or plates that cover a variety of neutron energy spectra: thermal, fast, mixed, and intermediate. Over 600 cases were considered for use with the KENO V.a and KENO-VI codes with the ENDF/B-VIII.0 library. The results of the Monte Carlo comparison of ENDF/B-VIII.0 to ENDF/B-VII.1 with both KENO V.a and KENO-VI indicate that there is a less than 0.53% Δk difference between the bias of calculated k eff from the expected values. The CE ENDF/B-VIII.0 library results in smaller magnitude biases than the ENDF/B-VII.1 data for HEU-MET-FAST, HEU-SOL-THERM, IEU-MET-FAST, LEU-SOL-THERM, PU-SOL-THERM, and U233-MET-FAST systems, while the MG results yielded smaller magnitude biases for HEU-MET-FAST, HEU-SOL-THERM, IEU-MET-FAST, LEU-COMP-THERM, LEU-SOL THERM, MIX-COMP-FAST, and U233-MET-FAST systems. Most notable are the adjustments to the plutonium and 233 U cross section data, which has resulted in noticeably lower biases in the ENDF/B VIII.0 results for the mixed, plutonium, and 233 U systems. Results of the sensitivity data file comparison generated from TSUNAMI-3D for selected VALID cases for the ENDF/B-VIII.0 library indicate a very high level of agreement with correlation coefficients of the effect of nuclear data uncertainty on k eff (the c k integral parameter) all above 0.99. This indicates that cases with the ENDF/B-VIII.0 library would see very similar responses to any nuclear data errors or change as those with the ENDF/B-VII.1 library.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Best practices mobile application for D and D KM-IT - 15712

The Deactivation and Decommissioning Knowledge Management Information Tool (D and D KM-IT) is the repository of useful information built specifically for D and D community. The knowledge provided by the D and D KM-IT is the experience and expertise gained by people within the field and fellow employees of the Department of Energy (DOE). This information has been the result of gathering, analyzing, storing, and sharing knowledge to help reduce time spent on discovering previously found data. In order to help in organizing all the data from all the professional contributors, the D and D KM-IT has been divided into 12 different modules. Each individual module pertains to a different area of information for users, such as vendor and technology information, collaboration tools, and even a hotline that contains problems posted by the users. Purpose: - Design and develop the module for the Best Practices on D and D KM-IT mobile platform deployed at https://m.dndkm.org; - The Best Practices mobile module should integrate with existing modules seamlessly; - Use the D and D KM-IT existing database to consume information for the mobile system. jQuery Mobile framework was used to develop Best Practices module for mobile devices. jQuery Mobile framework provides support for responsive web design (RWD). RWD allows adaptation of the layout and user interface of web sites and web apps to different device resolutions, screen densities, and views. UI design was implemented with three fundamental elements: CSS media queries, An adaptable grid, Flexible images and media. Advantages/benefits: - A responsive web design adapts to any-sized screen / resolution and orientation view; - ASP.NET compatible which allows the D and D KM-IT database to support all platforms accessing the system; - Navigating pages is more bandwidth efficient by refreshing data in small section with Ajax instead of reloading the entire page; - Multiple parts of a page can perform different tasks resulting in improved user's experience. Results: - Mobile system is accessible on compatible devices running Android, Apple, Blackberry, Palm, and Windows devices; - Best Practices searches through Characterization, Decontamination, Dismantlement, Material Disposition, and Worker Safety; - Keyword search is enabled for the best practices that are available on both the desktop and mobile systems - Documents are formatted into a PDF file format to ensure compatibility on any device. Conclusion: - Fully integrated with the desktop Best Practices module and displays documents that are uploaded on web platform; - Fast-loading with D and D KM-IT mobile system and downloadable documents; - Responsive design which gives the same user experience when either viewed on smart phone or tablet.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗
DOE OSTI2024

Verified, Archived, Library of Inputs and Data (VALID) Supporting Files

This dataset contains input, output, and sensitivity data files for computational simulations with the SCALE code system as part of the Verified, Archived Library of Inputs and Data (VALID). The simulations cover critical benchmark experiments from the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project. The files are to be housed in a public directory for distribution. The information contained in the files have been approved for release by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA). Users wanting to reproduce results from this dataset are required to obtain a license to the SCALE code system for which details on the distribution can be found here: https://www.ornl.gov/scale/releases.

keff↗
DOE OSTI2023

Examining the Impact of Data Layout on Tape on Data Recall Performance for ATLAS

Increases in data volumes are forcing high-energy and nuclear physics experiments to store more frequently accessed data on tape. Extracting the maximum performance from tape drives is critical to make this viable from a data availability and system cost standpoint. The nature of data ingest and retrieval in an experimental physics environment make achieving high access performance difficult given the inherent limitations of magnetic tape. Tailoring the layout of data on tape is one key to improving read performance. This paper highlights the work in progress to characterize ATLAS data ingested in the tape system, understand how data layout, i.e. file co-location on tape and file distribution over tapes, affect read performance and how optimal data layout might be achieved in a production environment.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2015

SU-E-T-141: Automated Dose Point Placement for Cervical Cancer Brachytherapy Using Tandem and Ovoid Applicators

Purpose: To develop a standalone application, which automatically and consistently calculates the coordinates of points A and H based solely on the implanted applicator geometry for cervical cancer HDR brachytherapy. Methods: Manchester point A and ABS point H are both located 2cm lateral from the central tandem plane. While both points are located 2cm above the cervical os, surrogates for the os differ. Point A is defined relative to the anatomical cervical os. Point H is defined relative to the intersection of the tandem with the superior aspects of the ovoids. The application takes an input text file generated by the treatment planning system (TPS, BrachyVision, Varian) that specifies the source geometries. It then outputs the 3D coordinates of points A and H in both the left and right directions. The algorithm was implemented and tested on 34 CT scans of 7 patients treated with HDR brachytherapy delivered using tandem and ovoids. A single experienced user retrospectively and manually placed points A and H on the CT scans, whose coordinates were used as the gold standard for the comparison to the automatically calculated points. Results: The automatically calculated coordinates of points A and H agree within 0.7mm with the gold standard. The averages and standard deviations of the 3D coordinate difference between points placed by the two methods are 0.3±0.1 and 0.4±0.1mm for points A and H, respectively. The maximum difference in 3D magnitude is 0.7mm. Conclusion: The algorithm consistently calculates dose point coordinates independently of the planner for cervical cancer brachytherapy treated with tandem and ovoids. Automated point placement based on the geometry of the implanted applicators agrees in sub-millimeter with careful manual placements by an experienced user. This algorithm expedites the planning process and eliminates dependencies on either user input or TPS visualization tools.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2015

SU-F-BRB-07: A Plan Comparison Tool to Ensure Robustness and Deliverability in Online-Adaptive Radiotherapy

Purpose: To develop a plan comparison tool that will ensure robustness and deliverability through analysis of baseline and online-adaptive radiotherapy plans using similarity metrics. Methods: The ViewRay MRIdian treatment planning system allows export of a plan file that contains plan and delivery information. A software tool was developed to read and compare two plans, providing information and metrics to assess their similarity. In addition to performing direct comparisons (e.g. demographics, ROI volumes, number of segments, total beam-on time), the tool computes and presents histograms of derived metrics (e.g. step-and-shoot segment field sizes, segment average leaf gaps). Such metrics were investigated for their ability to predict that an online-adapted plan reasonably similar to a baseline plan where deliverability has already been established. Results: In the realm of online-adaptive planning, comparing ROI volumes offers a sanity check to verify observations found during contouring. Beyond ROI analysis, it has been found that simply editing contours and re-optimizing to adapt treatment can produce a delivery that is substantially different than the baseline plan (e.g. number of segments increased by 31%), with no changes in optimization parameters and only minor changes in anatomy. Currently the tool can quickly identify large omissions or deviations from baseline expectations. As our online-adaptive patient population increases, we will continue to develop and refine quantitative acceptance criteria for adapted plans and relate them historical delivery QA measurements. Conclusion: The plan comparison tool is in clinical use and reports a wide range of comparison metrics, illustrating key differences between two plans. This independent check is accomplished in seconds and can be performed in parallel to other tasks in the online-adaptive workflow. Current use prevents large planning or delivery errors from occurring, and ongoing refinements will lead to increased assurance of plan quality.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Generic Data Display (GD2)

SAND2023-11967O Generic Data Display (GD2) is a real-time data visualization application that can display user-defined input data. The open-source software is comprised of a back end system written in Python, and a front end user interface written in JavaScript. The back end system collects data from a variety of input sources, such as message queue, HTTP, XML, JSON, and others. The front end displays data in an Open MCT web interface, and users can configure the system by providing JSON formatted configuration files. Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525.

Figueroa, Benjamin↗