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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 433 records · Page 24
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1973

Geosynchronous platform definition study. Volume 3: Geosynchronous mission characteristics

The objectives of the study were to examine the nature of currently planned and new evolutionary geosynchronous programs, to analyze alternative ways of conducting missions, to establish concepts for new systems to support geosynchronous programs in an effective and economical manner, and to define the logistic support to carry out these programs. In order to meet these objectives, it was necessary to define and examine general geosynchronous mission characteristics and the potentially applicable electromagnetic spectrum characteristics. An organized compilation of these data is given with emphasis on the development and use of the data. Fundamental geosynchronous orbit time histories, mission profile characteristics, and delivery system characteristics are presented. In addition, electromagnetic spectrum utilization is discussed in terms of the usable frequency spectrum, the spectrum potentially available considering established frequency allocations, and the technology status as it affects the ability to operate within specific frequency bands.

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NASA NTRS1976

Further studies of ionization in interstellar clouds

Interferometric scans of the interstellar 7699-A line of K I or of the D1 line of Na I are reported for 14 stars. Along with results obtained recently by others for the column densities of H I, H2, or Na I toward a larger number of stars, these results are added to a previous compilation of such data, and are used to reanalyze the relations among the well-correlated K I, Na I, and total hydrogen column densities. The estimated depletion factors of both K and Na are about 3 to 4. Alternatively, the fractional ionization will be at least 0.0009 in these relatively low-density clouds if the K and Na abundances are not to exceed their solar values. Photoionization of the heavy elements by starlight can account for the greater part of this ionization if interstellar carbon is undepleted. The influence of temperature effects and of gas-phase chemical reactions on the approximately quadratic variations of the K I and Na I column densities with the total hydrogen column density is discussed.

Hobbs, L. M.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Coal conversion products industrial applications

Coal-based synthetic fuels complexes under development consideration by NASA/MSFC will produce large quantities of synthetic fuels, primarily medium BTU gas, which could be sold commercially to industries located in South Central Tennessee and Northern Alabama. The complexes would be modular in construction, and subsequent modules may produce liquid fuels or fuels for electric power production. Current and projected industries in the two states which have a propensity for utilizing coal-based synthetic fuels were identified, and a data base was compiled to support MFSC activities.

Dunkin, J. H.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Investigation of Antarctic crust and upper mantle using Magsat and other geophysical data

The compatibility of Univac-formatted tapes with the in-house computer was investigated and a decision was made to switch to IBM-formatted tapes. A NASA software package was adapted for use with data when they become available. Auxiliary geophysical and geological data and literature continue to be compiled and studied so that when data tapes arrive, real analysis may begin.

Bentley, C. R.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Documentation for the machine-readable character coded version of the SKYMAP catalogue

The SKYMAP catalogue is a compilation of astronomical data prepared primarily for purposes of attitude guidance for satellites. In addition to the SKYMAP Master Catalogue data base, a software package of data base management and utility programs is available. The tape version of the SKYMAP Catalogue, as received by the Astronomical Data Center (ADC), contains logical records consisting of a combination of binary and EBCDIC data. Certain character coded data in each record are redundant in that the same data are present in binary form. In order to facilitate wider use of all SKYMAP data by the astronomical community, a formatted (character) version was prepared by eliminating all redundant character data and converting all binary data to character form. The character version of the catalogue is described. The document is intended to fully describe the formatted tape so that users can process the data problems and guess work; it should be distributed with any character version of the catalogue.

Warren, W. H., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Magnetohydrodynamics MHD Engineering Test Facility ETF 200 MWe power plant. Conceptual Design Engineering Report CDER. Volume 3: Costs and schedules

The estimated plant capital cost for a coal fired 200 MWE electric generating plant with open cycle magnetohydrodynamics is divided into principal accounts based on Federal Energy Regulatory Commision account structure. Each principal account is defined and its estimated cost subdivided into identifiable and major equipment systems. The cost data sources for compiling the estimates, cost parameters, allotments, assumptions, and contingencies, are discussed. Uncertainties associated with developing the costs are quantified to show the confidence level acquired. Guidelines established in preparing the estimated costs are included. Based on an overall milestone schedule related to conventional power plant scheduling experience and starting procurement of MHD components during the preliminary design phase there is a 6 1/2-year construction period. The duration of the project from start to commercial operation is 79 months. The engineering phase of the project is 4 1/2 years; the construction duration following the start of the man power block is 37 months.

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NASA NTRS1981

A groundwater convection model for Rio Grande rift geothermal resources

It has been proposed that forced convection, driven by normal groundwater flow through the interconnected basins of the Rio Grande rift is the primary source mechanism for the numerous geothermal anomalies along the rift. A test of this concept using an analytical model indicates that significant forced convection must occur in the basins even if permeabilities are as low as 50-200 millidarcies at a depth of 2 km. Where groundwater flow is constricted at the discharge areas of the basins forced convection can locally increase the gradient to a level where free convection also occurs, generating surface heat flow anomalies 5-15 times background. A compilation of groundwater data for the rift basins shows a strong correlation between constrictions in groundwater flow and hot springs and geothermal anomalies, giving strong circumstantial support to the convection model.

Morgan, P.↗
NASA NTRS1982

The geology of Mare Acidalium quadrangle Mars

The Mare Acidalium quadrangle is described. Mare Acidalium quadrangle lies between 30 - 60 N latitude and 0 - 60 W longitude. Materials that were used in mapping the quadrangle include Mariner and Viking single-frame images and photomosaics. Preliminary geologic mapping was done on five 1:2,000,000-scale photomosaics and selected higher resolution photomosaics. The data were then compiled on one sheet at a scale of 1:5,000,000. The Mariner 9 mission revealed a striking planetary dichotomy; high-standing, heavily-cratered terrain in the south that contrasts with low-lying, lightly-cratered terrain in the north. Both of these terrain types occur in Mare Acidalium quadrangle. The boundary separating the elevated cratered plateau from the lower plains is, in many places, an escarpment 1-2 km-high, however, in a few places where there is no escarpment, plains materials embay and overlap the heavily-cratered plateau material.

Witbeck, N. E.↗
NASA NTRS1984

A new calibration of the semi-empirical photometric theory for Halley and other comets

The semiempirical photometric theory of gas and dust production in comets (Newburn, 1979, 1981, and 1982) is recalibrated on the basis of the 17-comet compilation of spectrophotometric data of Newburn and Spinrad (1984). The results are presented in graphs and tables, and it is shown that no corrections are required for the constant R and the function delta, but that the mixing ratios (obtained as functions of heliocentric distance) can be improved, with implications for the visual-photometric comet model. Recently calculated light curves for comet Halley are compared, and the use of the nearly identical curves of Bortle and Morris (1984) and Marcus (1983) is recommended.

Newburn, R. L., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Space systems requirements definition

The compilation of Scientific Data Requirements (SDRs) were based on discussions with a representative cross section of the scientific community and a selected survey of the extensive literature dealing with the measurement of CO2-induced climatic changes. This approach resulted in a baseline set of SDRs to determine what could be accomplished with space-based sensors. Twenty-three SDRs emerged as the basis for the investigation of space systems.

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NASA NTRS1986

On the interpretation of the beta(sub p) relation in interstellar clouds

Troland and Heiles (1986) have recently presented an updated compilation of observational data concerning the relationship between the interstellar magnetic field strength B and the gas density rho (or, equivalently, the particle density n). One of the main findings of their survey was that B remains constant over the density range 0.1 - approx. 100 cu. cm and shows evidence for increase only a higher densities. They compared this result with theoretical predictions based on the Parker-instability scenario for the formation and evolution of interstellar clouds in the presence of the galactic magnetic field. In this picture, low-density gas is driven by the magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor instability into magnetic valleys, where it accumulates into denser concentrations. The gas initially flows along the magnetic field lines and there is little increase of the field strength with density; B only starts to rise when n becomes large enough for self-gravity to begin competing with the magnetic stresses. For a cloud mass of approx. 1,000 sub M and the measured background field strength, the critical density for contraction in approx. 75 cu. cm. Troland and Heiles therefore concluded that this scenario is basically consistent with the observations. This conclusion is debated.

Koenigl, A.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Circulation in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere during the MAP (Middle Atmosphere Program)/WINE (Winter in the Northern Europe) period

One of the scientific programs in the MAP project, Winter in the Northern Europe (WINE) 1983 to 1984 involved an analysis of circulation processes in the middle atmosphere which characterized that winter period. Rocket soundings were conducted at many stations. In order to investigate deviations of the mean winds for the MAP/WINE period from the circulation conditions of other winters and from the climatic norm, rocket sounding data of Churchill and Barrow stations was well as the Pressure Modulated Radiometer channel 3000 data enabled the compilation of geopotential fields and the calculation of winds in the geostrophic approximation for comparison with the meteor winds. The large scale processes of the winter which determined the circulation in the period of the experiment were analyzed briefly. The analysis and results are discussed.

Tarasenko, D. A.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Space shuttle phase B wind tunnel test database

Archived wind tunnel test data are available for flyback booster or other alternate recoverable configurations as well as reusable orbiters studied during initial development (Phase B) of the Space Shuttle. Considerable wind tunnel data were acquired by competing contractors and NASA centers for an extensive variety of configurations with an array of wing and body planforms. This wind tunnel test data has been compiled into a database and are available for application to current winged flyback or recoverable booster aerodynamic studies. The Space Shuttle Phase B Wind Tunnel Database is structured by vehicle component and configuration type. Basic components include the booster, the orbiter and the launch vehicle. Booster configuration types include straight and delta wings, canard, cylindrical, retro-glide and twin body. Orbiter configuration types include straight and delta wings, lifting body, drop tanks and double delta wings.

Glynn, J. L.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Technology for monitoring global change

Multiinstrumented earth-science platforms currently being planned for both LEO and GEO positions will furnish data for the compilation of systematic and intercorrelated information that is suitable for the treatment of interdisciplinary questions concerning atmospheric, oceanic, hydrological, geological, and biological changes of an either natural or anthropogenic nature. Attention will be given in these observational campaigns to such essential earth variables as atmospheric pressure, rainfall/snowfall, vegetation cover, soil nutrient cycles, sea surface temperatures, ocean circulation, and ocean biological productivity.

Johnston, Gordon I.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Development of a shuttle recovery Commercial Materials Processing in Space (CMPS) program

The work performed has covered the following tasks: update commercial users requirements; assess availability of carriers and facilities; shuttle availability assessment; development of optimum accommodations plan; and payload documentation requirements assessment. The results from the first four tasks are presented. To update commercial user requirements, contacts were made with the JEA and CCDS partners to obtain copies of their most recent official flight requests. From these requests the commercial partners' short and long range plans for flight dates, flight frequency, experiment hardware and carriers was determined. A 34 by 44 inch chart was completed to give a snapshot view of the progress of commercialization in space. Further, an assessment was made of the availability of carriers and facilities. Both existing carriers and those under development were identified for use by the commercial partners. A data base was compiled to show the capabilities of the carriers. A shuttle availability assessment was performed using the primary and secondary shuttle manifests released by NASA. Analysis of the manifest produced a flight-by-flight list of flight opportunities available to commercial users. Using inputs from the first three tasks, an Optimum Accommodations Plan was developed. The Accommodation Plan shows the commercial users manifested by flight, the experiment flown, the carrier used and complete list of commercial users that could not be manifested in each calendar year.

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NASA NTRS1990

A Unified Statistical Rain-Attenuation Model for Communication Link Fade Predictions and Optimal Stochastic Fade Control Design Using a Location-Dependent Rain-Statistic Database

A static and dynamic rain-attenuation model is presented which describes the statistics of attenuation on an arbitrarily specified satellite link for any location for which there are long-term rainfall statistics. The model may be used in the design of the optimal stochastic control algorithms to mitigate the effects of attenuation and maintain link reliability. A rain-statistics data base is compiled, which makes it possible to apply the model to any location in the continental U.S. with a resolution of 0-5 degrees in latitude and longitude. The model predictions are compared with experimental observations, showing good agreement.

Manning, Robert M.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Creep and fracture of dispersion-strengthened materials

The creep and fracture of dispersion strengthened materials is reviewed. A compilation of creep data on several alloys showed that the reported values of the stress exponent for creep varied between 3.5 and 100. The activation energy for creep exceeded that for lattice self diffusion in the matrix in the case of some materials and a threshold stress behavior was generally reported in these instances. The threshold stress is shown to be dependent on the interparticle spacing and it is significantly affected by the initial microstructure. The effect of particle size and the nature of the dispersoid on the threshold stress is not well understood at the present time. In general, most studies indicate that the microstructure after creep is similar to that before testing and very few dislocations are usually observed. It is shown that the stress acting on a dispersoid due to a rapidly moving dislocation can exceed the particle yield strength of the G sub p/1000, where G sub p is the shear modulus of the dispersoid. The case when the particle deforms is examined and it is suggested that the dislocation creep threshold stress of the alloy is equal to the yield strength of the dispersoid under these conditions. These results indicate that the possibility that the dispersoid creep threshold stress is determined by either the particle yield strength or the stress required to detach a dislocation from the dispersoid matrix interface. The conditions under which the threshold stress is influenced by one or the other mechanism are discussed and it is shown that the particle yield strength is important until the extent of dislocation core relaxation at the dispersoid matrix interface exceeds about 25 pct. depending on the nature of the particle matrix combination. Finally, the effect of grain boundaries and grain morphology on the creep and fracture behavior of dispersoid strengthened alloys is examined.

Raj, Sai V.↗
NASA NTRS1991

A new edition of the Mars 1:5,000,000 map series

A new edition of the Mars 1:5,000,000 scale map series is in preparation. Two sheets will be made for each quadrangle. Sheet one will show shaded relief, contours, and nomenclature. Sheet 2 will be a full-color photomosaic prepared on the Mars digital image model (MDIM) base co-registered with the Mars low-resolution color database. The latter will have an abbreviated graticule (latitude/longitude ticks only) and no other line overprint. The four major databases used to assemble this series are now virtually complete. These are: (1) Viking-revised shaded relief maps at 1:5,000,000 scale; (2) contour maps at 1:2,000,000 scale; (3) the Mars digital image model; and (4) a color image mosaic of Mars. Together, these databases form the most complete planetwide cartographic definition of Mars that can be compiled with existing data. The new edition will supersede the published Mars 1:5,000,000 scale maps, including the original shaded relief and topographic maps made primarily with Mariner 9 data and the Viking-revised shaded relief and controlled photomosaic series. Publication of the new series will begin in late 1991 or early 1992, and it should be completed in two years.

Batson, R. M.↗