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At least 415 records · Page 23
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1972

Major crustal fractures in the Baltic Shield

The author has identified the following significant results. Initial analysis of the bands for images 1039-09322, 1039-09315, and 1040-09371 provide a detailed picture of a zone extending 500 km north-northeast from the northern coast of the Gulf of Bothnia. Highways (on bands 0.5-0.6 and 0.6-0.7), rivers (bands 0.7-0.8, 0.8-1.1) and bare fell tops are visible. Schist belts, as known from ground surveys, can be discerned from areas occupied by their basement rocks or major plutons. A number of sharp lineaments, apparently faults, are visible. Some major fracture zones, up to 50 km wide, that form distinct lineaments in weather satellite pictures and belong to the main objects of this study, are rather indistinct in the images but can be traced.

Tuominen, H. V.↗
NASA NTRS1973

A reconnaissance space sensing investigation of crustal structure for a strip from the eastern Sierra Nevada to the Colorado Plateau

There are no author-identified significant results in this report. Research progress in applications of ERTS-1 MSS imagery in study of Basin-Range tectonics is summarized. Field reconnaissance of ERTS-1 image anomalies has resulted in recognition of previously unreported fault zones and regional structural control of volcanic and plutonic activity. NIMBUS, Apollo 9, X-15, U-2, and SLAR imagery are discussed with specific applications, and methods of image enhancement and analysis employed in the research are summarized. Areas studied and methods employed in geologic field work are outlined.

Bechtold, I. C.↗
NASA NTRS1973

A reconnaissance space sensing investigation of crustal structure for a strip from the eastern Sierra Nevada to the Colorado Plateau

The author has identified the following significant results. Analysis of ERTS-1 MSS imagery over the sourthern Basin-Range Province of California, Nevada, and Arizona has led to recognition of regional tectonic control of volcanism, plutonism, mineralization, and fault patterns. This conclusion is the result of geologic reconnaissance of anomalies observed in ERTS-1 and Apollo-9 data, guided by intermediate scale U-2 photography, SLAR, and relevant geologic literature. In addition to regional tectonic studies, the ERTS-1 imagery provides a basis for detailed research of relatively small geologic features. Interpretation of ERTS-1 and Apollo-9 space imagery and intermediate scale X-15 and U-2 photography indicates the presence of a major fault zone along the California-Nevada state line, here named the Pahrump fault zone. Field mapping confirms previously unreported evidence of fault breaks in bedrock, along range fronts and in Quaternary alluvium and lake sediments. Regional gravity lows and fault traces within the Pahrump fault zone from a general left stepping en echelon pattern. The trend and postulated diplacement for this fault are similar to other major strike slip fault zones in the southern Basin-Range Province.

Bechtold, I. C.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Major crustal fractures in the Baltic Shield

The author has identified the following significant results. Black and white prints and transparencies of images 1039-09315, 1039-09322, and 1040-09371 with all bands of MSS have been used for the analyses. Bands 4 and 5 reveal the major urban areas, agricultural and timbering areas, highways as well as airfields, and an open pit mine. Even the border between Norway and Finland is clearly visible. Lakes, rivers, and wet swamps were best discerned on IR bands 6 and 7. Block fields formed by frost action are best seen on bands 4 and 5. The ancient shoreline on image 1039-09322 is seen as a narrow block field on bands 4 and 5. The effects of the Quaternary ice sheet on the morphography can be seen quite well in the images. The peat bogs are best seen in band 5, but can also be traced in bands 6 and 7. Eskers, glaciofluvial deposits, and deltas are distinguishable in bands 4 and 5, but can be traced in places also in the IR bands. Fluvial deposits are seen in the image 1039-09322 in the valleys of the Tornio and Kemi Rivers. They are easily discerned in bands 4 and 5, evidently because of the cultivated fields and pasture lands. Bands 4, 5, and 6 of image 1039-09315 reveal parts of eskers and glaciofluvial deltas which are affected by eolian activity. It seems evident that ERTS-1 imagery will be a great help in mapping Quaternary features.

Tuominen, H. V.↗
NASA NTRS1973

A reconnaissance space sensing investigation of crustal structure for a strip from the eastern Sierra Nevada to the Colorado Plateau

The author has identified the following significant results. Research progress in applications of ERTS-1 MSS imagery to study of Basin-Range tectonics is summarized. Field reconnaissance of ERTS-1 image anomalies has resulted in recognition of previously unreported fault zones and regional structural control of volcanic and plutonic activity. Nimbus, Apollo 9, X-15, U-2, and SIAR imagery are discussed with specific applications, and methods of image enhancement and analysis employed in the research are summarized. Field areas studied and methods employed in geologic field work are outlined.

Liggett, M. A.↗
NASA NTRS1973

A reconnaissance space sensing investigation of crustal structure for a strip from the eastern Sierra Nevada to the Colorado Plateau

The author has identified the following significant results. An operational technique for producing high resolution false color composites of ERTS-1 MSS imagery has been developed. The technique uses standard NASA (NDPF) or EROS black/white data products, and permits a broad range of control on composite color balance and contrast range. The use of an additive color viewer has proven valuable for determining the optimum color balance of composites for effective interpretation. The compositing technique is adaptable for effective interpretation. The technique is adaptable to data from a variety of multispectral imaging systems, including multi-seasonal and multipolarization data. A 50 mile north-trending linear anomaly recognized in ERTS-1 MSS imagery west of Goldfield, Nevada has been confirmed as a steeply west-dipping normal fault, here termed the Paymaster Fault. This structure trends southward from the General Thomas Hills along Paymaster Valley and the east side of Clayton Valley into the Palmetto Mountains. There, it terminates against a less pronounced east-trending transverse anomaly which is also believed to be fault controlled. The Paymaster Fault is the most prominent of several large normal faults which terminate southward against this transverse anomaly.

Liggett, M. A.↗
NASA NTRS1974

A reconnaissance space sensing investigation of crustal structure for a strip from the eastern Sierra Nevada to the Colorado Plateau

The author has identified the following significant results. Studies were conducted in key field areas in the Sierra Nevada, the Basin Range Province and the Colorado Plateau to evaluate the origins and significance of geologic and structural anomalies expressed in the ERTS-1 data. The investigation included development of image enhancement and analysis techniques and comparison of remote sensing data available over the test site. The ERTS-1 MSS imagery has proven to be an effective tool for studying the interrelationsships between Cenozoic tectonic patterns and the distributions of Cenozoic plutonism and volcanism, seismic activity, geologic hazards, and known mineral, geothermal and ground water resources. Recommendations are made for applications of ERTS-1 data to natural and resource exploration and management.

Liggett, M. A.↗
NASA NTRS1973

3-D multilateration for measurement of earth crustal deformation and network densification

Discussion of how range and range-difference data types can make possible precise three-dimensional measurement of ground station positions and the position of an artificial signal source, without explicit dependence upon the signal source trajectory. An effective strategy for such measurement is to combine the multilateration approach with a VLBI system using natural radio sources. The VLBI methods would provide a coarse grid of three-dimensional benchmark locations on a regional and global scale. Multilateration stations would then occupy these coarse grid locations and provide a means for highly portable, relatively low-cost units to then densify networks on a regional and local scale. Because a multilateration approach can make use of strong artificial radio sources, it makes possible the use of relatively low-cost, highly mobile stations. Such mobile stations are virtually essential for three dimensional surveying in heavily urbanized areas or in rugged terrain.

Ong, K. M.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Low orthopyroxene from a lunar deep crustal rock - A new pyroxene polymorph of space group P21ca

Bronzite crystals (En86Fs11Wo3) from a slowly-cooled lunar troctolitic granulite, have space group P21ca, a postulated, but previously unreported space group. Diffractions violating the b-glide extinction conditions have been observed in long-exposure X-ray precession photographs from three of these crystals and on an automated X-ray diffractometer. P21ca is a subgroup of the common orthopyroxene space group Pbca, and its cell dimensions (a = 18.235 plus or minus 0.004 A, b = 8.831 plus or minus 0.002 A, c = 5.189 plus or minus 0.001 A) are similar to those of terrestrial bronzites. It is postulated that the lower symmetry space group has developed as a result of very slow cooling at pressures of one to two kilobars deep in the lunar crust.

Smyth, J. R.↗
NASA NTRS1974

A lunar rock of deep crustal origin - Sample 76535

Review of the mineral chemistry, crystallography, mosaic assemblages, and oriented inclusions of lunar rock sample 76535, and discussion of its depth of formation. Its texture, chemistry, and phase relationships are shown to indicate that it formed deep within the lunar crust. It is the first crystalline lunar rock found to date to contain evidence of a high pressure mineral assemblage formed under static conditions.

Gooley, R.↗