Postmastectomy Bolus: Urban Legend or Sound Practice?
No abstract prepared.
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Results for “RADIOTHERAPY”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Population-Level Uptake of Moderately Hypofractionated Definitive Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer
Recent evidence shows the noninferiority of hypofractionated radiation therapy regimens compared with conventional regimens in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). Hypofractionation has benefits for both the patient and health care system, because of the shorter treatment duration. Despite this advantage, the uptake of hypofractionation can be slow. Here we investigate the factors influencing the changing use of moderate hypofractionation (HypoRT) for the treatment of PCa.
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Keeping Kids Kool—Influence of Induction, Advantage of Adaptation, Curtailment of Complications
No abstract prepared.
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Strategies for Motion Robust Proton Therapy With Pencil Beam Scanning for Esophageal Cancer
Proton therapy of esophageal cancer is superior to photon radiation therapy in terms of normal tissue sparing. However, respiratory motion and anatomical changes may compromise target dose coverage owing to density changes, geometric misses, and interplay effects. Here we investigate the combined effect on clinical target volume (CTV) coverage and compare proton therapy with intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).
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Changes in Peripheral Blood Regulatory T Cells and IL-6 and IL-10 Levels Predict Response of Pediatric Medulloblastoma and Germ Cell Tumors With Residual or Disseminated Disease to Craniospinal Irradiation
Radiation therapy (RT) modulates immune cells and cytokines, resulting in both clinically beneficial and detrimental effects. The changes in peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines during RT for pediatric brain tumors and the association of these changes with therapeutic outcomes have not been well described.
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Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) Prediction Model for Osteoradionecrosis of the Mandible in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer After Radiation Therapy: Large-Scale Observational Cohort
Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible represents a severe, debilitating complication of radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC). At present, no normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models for risk of ORN exist. The aim of this study was to develop a multivariable clinical/dose-based NTCP model for the prediction of ORN any grade (ORN{sub I-IV}) and grade IV (ORN{sub IV}) after RT (±chemotherapy) in patients with HNC.
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Computed Tomography-Based Delta-Radiomics Analysis for Discriminating Radiation Pneumonitis in Patients With Esophageal Cancer After Radiation Therapy
Our purpose was to construct a computed tomography (CT)–based delta-radiomics nomogram and corresponding risk classification system for individualized and accurate estimation of severe acute radiation pneumonitis (SARP) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC) after radiation therapy.
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Standard Versus Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy for Bladder Cancer: New Insights, but Questions Remain
No abstract prepared.
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Effects of Single-Dose Versus Hypofractionated Focused Radiation on Vertebral Body Structure and Biomechanical Integrity: Development of a Rabbit Radiation-Induced Vertebral Compression Fracture Model
Vertebral compression fracture is a common complication of spinal stereotactic body radiation therapy. Development of an in vivo model is crucial to fully understand how focal radiation treatment affects vertebral integrity and biology at various dose fractionation regimens. We present a clinically relevant animal model to analyze the effects of localized, high-dose radiation on vertebral microstructure and mechanical integrity. Using this model, we test the hypothesis that fractionation of radiation dosing can reduce focused radiation therapy's harmful effects on the spine.
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Dose Escalated Radiation Therapy for Glioblastoma Multiforme: An International Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 22 Prospective Trials
Limited evidence is available on the utility of dose-escalated radiation therapy (DE-RT) with or without temozolomide (TMZ) versus standard-of-care radiation therapy (SoC-RT) for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. We performed a systematic review/meta-analysis to compare overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) between DE-RT and SoC-RT.
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Reports From Four International Clinical Trials for Cancers of the Cervix, Uterus and Vulva, and a New Guideline for Cervical Cancer
No abstract prepared.
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Moderately Hypofractionated Once-Daily Compared With Twice-Daily Thoracic Radiation Therapy Concurrently With Etoposide and Cisplatin in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter, Phase II, Randomized Trial
Chemotherapy and concurrent thoracic radiation therapy (CCTRT) followed by prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is the standard of care for limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). We aimed to compare the efficacy and toxicity of moderately hypofractionated once-daily CCTRT with that of a standard twice-daily regimen.
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Reasons for Declining Applicant Numbers in Radiation Oncology From the Applicants' Perspective: Results From the Applicant Concerns and Radiation Oncology Sources Survey (ACROSS)
Applications to radiation oncology in the United States have decreased the past 3 years, resulting in unfilled residency positions (30 [14.5%] in 2019 and 35 [18.5%] in 2020). The aim of this study is to understand the concerns among radiation oncology applicants and whether these concerns may have led to a decline in applications.
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Validating Modern NRG Oncology Pelvic Nodal and Groupe Francophone de Radiothérapie Urologique Prostate Bed Contouring Guidelines for Post-Prostatectomy Salvage Radiation: A Secondary Analysis of the LOCATE Trial
We used the patterns of recurrence on {sup 18}F-fluciclovine positron emission tomography (PET)–computed tomography (CT) in patients enrolled in the LOCATE trial after prostatectomy to evaluate how well the most recent NRG Oncology and Groupe Francophone de Radiothérapie Urologique (GFRU) contouring recommendations encompassed all sites of recurrence in the prostate fossa and pelvic nodes in comparison to former Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) recommendations.
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When Old Becomes New—Repurposing Cytotoxic Chemotherapy With Radiation to Improve Outcomes in Women With Aggressive Forms of Breast Cancer
No abstract prepared.
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Prostate SBRT Dose Escalation (9 Gy × 5, 13.3 Gy × 3, 24 Gy × 1): Are We Making Progress?
No abstract prepared.
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Regulatory T Cells Shape the Differential Impact of Radiation Dose-Fractionation Schedules on Host Innate and Adaptive Antitumor Immune Defenses
We examined how radiation dose per fraction (DPF) and total dose, as represented by biological effective dose (BED), can independently and differentially affect the immunomodulatory capacity of radiation therapy (RT).
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Proton Therapy for Breast Cancer: A Consensus Statement From the Particle Therapy Cooperative Group Breast Cancer Subcommittee
Radiation therapy plays an important role in the multidisciplinary management of breast cancer. Recent years have seen improvements in breast cancer survival and a greater appreciation of potential long-term morbidity associated with the dose and volume of irradiated organs. Proton therapy reduces the dose to nontarget structures while optimizing target coverage. However, there remain additional financial costs associated with proton therapy, despite reductions over time, and studies have yet to demonstrate that protons improve upon the treatment outcomes achieved with photon radiation therapy. There remains considerable heterogeneity in proton patient selection and techniques, and the rapid technological advances in the field have the potential to affect evidence evaluation, given the long latency period for breast cancer radiation therapy recurrence and late effects. In this consensus statement, we assess the data available to the radiation oncology community of proton therapy for breast cancer, provide expert consensus recommendations on indications and technique, and highlight ongoing trials’ cost-effectiveness analyses and key areas for future research.
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