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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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DOE OSTI2023

Practical Approaches to Embed Energy and Environmental Justice into DOE Technology Portfolios (August 2021–August 2024)

This document serves as a resource to science and technology offices within DOE seeking to incorporate energy and environmental justice (EEJ) into their programs and portfolios. It provides background information on EEJ principles, how those principles apply from early-stage technology development through deployment and commercialization. Through providing foundational information about justice and equity, and how they apply to technology development and program facilitation, this document provides information to take tangible and interim steps towards these goals.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2023

Energy Resilience for Mission Assurance, Agile Co-simulation for Cyber Energy System Security (ACCESS) Model Advancements for Resilience Analysis (Version 3, July 2023)

Agile Co-simulation for Cyber Energy System Security (ACCESS) is a co-simulation platform developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The primary high-level use-case for ACCESS is to study existing or new cyber-physical critical infrastructure systems, with a heavy emphasis on 1) systems that utilize communication networks, and 2) studies that seek to understand cyber-related system impacts. ACCESS is currently used for several energy system resilience projects at LLNL. In the Energy Resilience for Mission Assurance (ERMA) project, ACCESS is used in the Mod eling for Metric Calculation task (specifically, subtask 4.3, Communications and Cyber Modeling) to model and simulate the cyber and communication system aspects of Defense Critical Electric Infrastructure (DCEI) systems, with a focus on computing specific communication system metrics that can impact system resilience and mission performance. Simulated communication system per formance will be fed back to other ERMA system components so that mission performance can be evaluated holistically. This report describes several enhancements to the ACCESS platform that were implemented during the execution of the ERMA project in support of reslience analysis. This includes the addition of new models and subsystems, enhancements to existing models, and integration with external systems. The remainder of this report is structured as follows. In Section 2, a brief background description of the ACCESS platform is provided, including an outline of ACCESS components, example use cases, and a set of communication network resilience metrics that can be computed with ACCESS. Section 3 describes the ACCESS model enhancements for ERMA in detail. Finally, Section 4 briefly outlines future integration opportunities between ACCESS and project participant capabilities identified during the progression of the project.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2024

Average Incremental Cost Pricing for the AC Unit Commitment Problem [Rev. 1]

Unit Commitment (UC) problems that consider the Alternating Current (AC) model of the transmission network have long been considered intractable to solve at scale by the power system community. Recently, the Grid-Optimization (GO) Competition held by the Advanced Research Project Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) has facilitated the development of the first algorithms to solve large-scale ACUC problems. This new capability opens a path towards the explicit consideration of the AC transmission network model in UC problems used to clear day-ahead electricity markets. This calls for the analysis of electricity market structures that accommodate both the continuous non-linearity of the AC transmission network and the discrete non-linearity of the UC problem simultaneously. This paper serves as an initial effort to do so by proposing an Average Incremental Cost (AIC) pricing structure that is designed around the ACUC problem. In particular, an AIC one-pass pricing problem is proposed that represents a continuously constrained variant of the ACUC problem and allows for the computation of Locational Incremental Prices (LIPs) for both real and reactive power as the local optimal Lagrange multipliers of the power balance constraints. To avoid degeneracy, the pricing problem includes a small parameter ϵ > 0. Under certain assumptions market participants are shown to realize profit that converges to a non-negative value as ϵ approaches zero, practically ensuring profitability for small values of ϵ. We additionally provide many simple and important examples that provide intuition and insights into the proposed prices. Examples illustrate the basic concept of AIC pricing, the derived profitability results, the existence of multiple LIPs, the importance of including reactive power in the dispatch and pricing problems, the need for reactive power prices, and the improved incentives exhibited by LIPs as compared to traditional Locational Marginal Prices (LMPs). We additionally indicate many directions for future work including analysis of larger test cases.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2024

Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy Study (PR100) (Summary Report)

The Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy Study (PR100) is a comprehensive analysis based on extensive stakeholder input of possible pathways for Puerto Rico to achieve its goal of 100% renewable energy by 2050. In this summary report of the PR100 Final Report, we describe the background and motivation behind the study, provide an overview, summarize results, highlight key findings, and outline implementation actions for stakeholders to take in the immediate-, near-, mid-, and long-term to achieve Puerto Rico’s energy system goals.

100% renewable energy target↗

DOE OSTI2024

Estudio de Resiliencia de la Red Electrica de Puerto Rico y Transiciones a Energia 100% Renovable (PR100): Informe resumido [Spanish Translation of Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy Study (PR100) (Summary Report)]

100% renewable energy target↗

DOE OSTI2023

Identifying and Estimating Project Development Costs [Slides]

This presentation focuses on renewable energy project development and planning and highlights common project costs at each stage of a project's lifecycle. The presentation was produced as part of a series of trainings for awardees of the Energizing Rural Communities prize.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2024

Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy Study (PR100): Final Report

The Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy Study (PR100) is a comprehensive analysis based on extensive stakeholder input of possible pathways for Puerto Rico to achieve its goal of 100% renewable energy by 2050. PR100 was an integrated effort drawing on expertise and capabilities of the contributing national laboratories that explored possible pathways for Puerto Rico to achieve its goal of 100% renewable energy in the long term (by 2050), increase reliability and resilience in the immediate term (within the next few years), and work toward energy justice. The purpose of the study is to provide decision support and inform investment decisions for implementers of Puerto Rico's energy transition. See NREL/TP-6A20-88614 for the Spanish translation of this report.

100% renewable energy target↗

DOE OSTI2024

El Estudio de Resiliencia de la Red Electrica de Puerto Rico y Transiciones a Energia 100% Renovable (PR100): Informe Final [Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy Study (PR100): Final Report]

El Estudio de Resiliencia de la Red de Puerto Rico y Transiciones a Energia 100% Renovable (PR100) es un analisis integral basado en amplios aportes de las partes interesadas sobre posibles caminos para que Puerto Rico alcance su meta de 100% de energía renovable para 2050. PR100 fue un esfuerzo integrado que se baso en experiencia y capacidades de los laboratorios nacionales contribuyentes que exploraron posibles caminos para que Puerto Rico logre su objetivo de 100% de energía renovable en el largo plazo (para 2050), aumente la confiabilidad y la resiliencia en el plazo inmediato (dentro de los proximos anos), y trabajar hacia la justicia energetica. El proposito del estudio es brindar apoyo a las decisiones e informar las decisiones de inversion para los implementadores de la transicion energetica de Puerto Rico. See NREL/TP-6A20-88384 for the English translation of this report.

100% renewable energy target↗

DOE OSTI2024

MEP Metric Correlations with Socioeconomic and Built Environment Factors [Slides]

NREL's Mobility Energy Productivity tool, or MEP, quantifies the ability of an area's transportation system to connect individuals to goods, services, employment opportunities, and other activities while accounting for time, cost, and energy. However, the MEP tool itself does not examine correlations between mobility energy productivity and other sociodemographic and built environment variables relevant to the urban and transportation planning space. Examining these correlations could have two possible implications -- first, understanding what factors correlate with mobility energy productivity could help urban planners make equitable decisions in allocating transportation resources. Second, as the MEP has not been calculated for all urban areas in the US and is computationally expensive, if other publicly available variables were predictive enough of MEP then a simple model could be used to predict MEP instead of having to compute it for an area for which it has not been updated. A statistical analysis to investigate both of these questions is presented, with many significant associations found between the MEP and identified variables of interest.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2024

SolarAPP+ Performance Review (2023 Data)

The Solar Automated Permit Processing Plus (SolarAPP+) platform is an online portal to facilitate and expedite rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery storage permitting processes. SolarAPP+ allows PV contractors to upload system specifications, have that information automatically reviewed for code compliance, and receive instant approval for code-compliant systems, reducing authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) staff time needed for review. SolarAPP+ also provides inspection checklists to verify installation practices and adherence to approved designs. SolarAPP+ is available to AHJs at no cost. This report is part of an ongoing series of reviews of SolarAPP+ performance. Consistent with previous performance reviews, we summarize SolarAPP+ adoption trends to date and compare various metrics for PV systems permitted through SolarAPP+ versus systems permitted through traditional AHJ permitting processes. As of the end of 2023, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) had contacted over 1,700 AHJs with significant solar permitting volume regarding SolarAPP+. Of those, 793 AHJs had expressed interest in the platform as of the end of 2023. 161 AHJs had begun piloting the platform and 97 of these had publicly launched the platform by the end of 2023. In 2023, 668 installers submitted 18,906 permits through the SolarAPP+ platform, including 4,834 permits submitted as part of a solar plus storage program. SolarAPP+ permits accounted for around 43% of all permits issued in participating AHJs. We compare permitting timelines through SolarAPP+ to traditional AHJ permitting processes to assess the platform's performance. Consistent with previous SolarAPP+ performance reviews, we find that permitting timelines are significantly shorter for SolarAPP+ projects. Based on median timelines, a typical SolarAPP+ project is permitted and inspected 14.5 business days sooner than traditional projects. We estimate that automatic SolarAPP+ permitting saved around 7,200 hours of AHJ staff time in 2023. Finally, we estimate that SolarAPP+ eliminated over 150,000 business days in permitting-related delays in 2023.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2024

The Foundational Industrial Energy Dataset (FIED): Open-Source Data on Industrial Facilities

The state of data on industrial energy use has co-evolved over several decades with the demands of industrial energy analysis. The most recent development - analysis in support of decarbonizing the industrial sector - has changed the characteristics of industrial data that are useful for analysts and model developers. Although data and its collection processes may be cast from a conventional viewpoint as objective and free from the influence of social dynamics, this provides an incomplete picture of not only the processes by which information is generated, but also the limitations and opportunities of data to be useful for analysis. The foundational industry energy data set (FIED) is a result of the confluence of trends in open data and the demand for higher resolution industrial energy analysis. The general approach to compiling the FIED involves accessing, filtering, and formatting data published by federal organizations on the Internet for public use. Unlike most industrial energy datasets, which are published by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), the FIED relies on core datasets from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The FIED addresses several of the areas of growing disconnect between the demands of industrial energy analysis and the state of industrial energy data by providing unit-level characterization - including estimates of energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and design capacities - for facilities that are identified by latitude and longitude. This enables local-level analysis of existing combustion equipment, as well as regional comparisons with traditional industrial energy data estimates. The report summarizes the general logic behind compiling the FIED. The FIED itself and its Python code are available from OpenEI and GitHub, respectively.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2024

Best Practices for Renewable Energy Installations in the National Parks

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) and National Park Service (NPS) have partnered to support the development and utilization of renewable energy technology at federal facilities and on federal lands. FEMP provides technical support to NPS on renewable energy projects to identify and generate significant cost savings and efficiency benefits, investigate opportunities to reduce carbon footprint and/or achieve carbon neutrality, and improve resilience to NPS-owned facilities and sites. The purpose of this report is to support NPS staff as they evaluate whether and how to use renewable energy technologies in park operations.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗

DOE OSTI2024

Energy and Carbon Management in Wyoming: Lessons on a dynamic frontier

Presentation given at the August 2024 Western Planner WyoPASS conference on the evolution of energy development in the state of Wyoming and opportunity for planning professionals to be aware of their role in development.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2025

Análisis de Tareas del Inspector de Control de Calidad [Quality Control Inspector Job Task Analysis (Spanish Translation)]

El Laboratorio Nacional de Energía Renovable (NREL) ha sido contratado por el Programa de Asistencia para la Climatización (WAP) del Departamento de Energía de EE.UU. (DOE) para desarrollar y mantener los recursos en el marco del proyecto de Directrices para Profesionales de la Energía Doméstica (GHEP). El objetivo del proyecto GHEP es aumentar la calidad del trabajo realizado para la remodelación energética residencial en Estados Unidos a través de WAP y otros programas de remodelación residencial. Para cumplir el objetivo de “Establecer certificaciones nacionales de la mano de obra y normas de formación”, el DOE encargó al NREL el desarrollo de recursos GHEP, incluido un conjunto de certificaciones avanzadas, basadas en aptitud, para el personal de los profesionales de la energía doméstica (HEP). Desde 2010, el NREL ha reclutado voluntarios expertos en la materia de WAP y de la industria del mantenimiento del hogar para que formen parte de comités que desarrollen y actualicen programas de certificación y sus análisis de tareas (JTA) necesarios como base de programas de certificación y formación estandarizados. Las certificaciones HEP apoyan al WAP y al sector del mantenimiento de viviendas residenciales en general mediante el proceso de acreditación y el desarrollo de JTA definidos para auditores energéticos (EA) e inspectores de control de calidad (QCI). Este informe es un resumen de las actualizaciones más recientes (2022) del JTA del QCI. [The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is contracted by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP) to develop and maintain the resources under the Guidelines for Home Energy Professionals (GHEP) project. The purpose of the GHEP project is to increase the quality of work conducted for residential energy retrofits in the United States through the WAP network and other residential retrofit programs. This is the Spanish translation of NREL/TP-7A40-85789.]

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2026

State Technical Assistance - New Mexico Energy and Conservation Management Division Report [Slides]

The New Mexico Energy and Conservation Management Division (ECMD) sought technical assistance to enhance their ability to evaluate program impacts using the Low-Income Energy Affordability Data (LEAD) tool. NLR assisted ECMD in leveraging the LEAD tool to calculate and analyze energy burden across electric utility service areas, enabling them to assess program outcomes more effectively. To meet ECMD's goals, NLR developed a customized methodology to calculate utility-specific energy burden metrics using census tract data and available utility service area information from the Energy Information Administration (EIA). While acknowledging some limitations in the EIA dataset, NLR estimated the percentage of households within each service territory and incorporated relevant filters such as income, housing characteristics, and other demographics from the LEAD tool. The analysis provided ECMD with a new capability to evaluate program success based on energy savings, reductions in energy burden, and other performance indicators. The data and methodology also support discussions with utilities to improve the accuracy of service territory datasets. ECMD can use the outputs to track program effectiveness and plan future initiatives. NLR offered the possibility of follow-on work, including capacity-building for ECMD to repeat the analysis independently and the option to refine the analysis with updated service.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2026

NREL Capabilities for TMCES

This is a panel presentation covering NREL's capabilities in the thermal-mechanical energy storage space, including ARIES, component R&D, and modeling tools and datasets.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

DOE OSTI2026

ETIPP Success Stories [Slides]

This is a presentation to ETIPP project partners at a regional meeting in Rockland, Maine focusing on ETIPP success stories.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2026

Tribal Engagement in Transmission Planning

The purpose of this white paper is to provide Tribes with information that (a) helps assess whether transmission access is important for their energy goals, and (b) provides guidance on how to engage in transmission planning, if and when doing so would help the Tribe achieve its energy goals. DOE's Office of Indian Energy notes that "Indian Country contains vast untapped energy resources" (OIE 2023). Individual tribes express a wide array of energy needs and goals, ranging from simple access to basic electricity service and energy efficiency tools, to the development of utility-scale generating plants. Access to transmission is a key part of this multifaceted tribal energy picture. About 2.3 percent of the nation's transmission miles are on tribal lands (OIE 2023). Even within that slice, however, circumstances vary widely. Much of that transmission is for local network delivery (138kV or less). There are some large-capacity 500kV lines, but in many cases the Tribe has limited access to them even when they run across the reservation. Some of the Tribes with the largest land area have little transmission, and some such as Navajo Nation and Hopi Tribe have many homes with no access to electricity. This white paper begins with a high-level summary of transmission issues that can affect a Tribe's energy goals. The discussion includes findings from major transmission-related studies, including the 2023 National Transmission Needs Study (GDO 2023). It then discusses strategies that could help a Tribe safeguard its interests when those interests intersect transmission infrastructure planning.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗