Exploration of a data-enhanced calibration certificate as part of a complete measurement information infrastructure.
Abstract not provided.
Delker, Collin James↗
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Results for “Data exploration”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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DeepUQ: Assessing the Aleatoric Uncertainties from two Deep Learning Methods
Assessing the quality of aleatoric uncertainty estimates from uncertainty quantification (UQ) deep learning methods is important in scientific contexts, where uncertainty is physically meaningful and important to characterize and interpret exactly. We systematically compare aleatoric uncertainty measured by two UQ techniques, Deep Ensembles (DE) and Deep Evidential Regression (DER). Our method focuses on both zero-dimensional (0D) and two-dimensional (2D) data, to explore how the UQ methods function for different data dimensionalities. We investigate uncertainty injected on the input and output variables and include a method to propagate uncertainty in the case of input uncertainty so that we can compare the predicted aleatoric uncertainty to the known values. We experiment with three levels of noise. The aleatoric uncertainty predicted across all models and experiments scales with the injected noise level. However, the predicted uncertainty is miscalibrated to $\rm{std}(\sigma_{\rm al})$ with the true uncertainty for half of the DE experiments and almost all of the DER experiments. The predicted uncertainty is the least accurate for both UQ methods for the 2D input uncertainty experiment and the high-noise level. While these results do not apply to more complex data, they highlight that further research on post-facto calibration for these methods would be beneficial, particularly for high-noise and high-dimensional settings.
Nevin, Rebecca↗
Velocity distributions of the interplanetary plasma detected by explorer 10.
Analysis of plasma data recorded by explorer x with regard to velocity and angular distribution of plasma ions
EXPLORER X SATELLITE↗
Space and Earth Science Data Compression Workshop
The workshop explored opportunities for data compression to enhance the collection and analysis of space and Earth science data. The focus was on scientists' data requirements, as well as constraints imposed by the data collection, transmission, distribution, and archival systems. The workshop consisted of several invited papers; two described information systems for space and Earth science data, four depicted analysis scenarios for extracting information of scientific interest from data collected by Earth orbiting and deep space platforms, and a final one was a general tutorial on image data compression.
Tilton, James C.↗
Martian Surface Boundary Layer Characterization: Enabling Environmental Data for Science, Engineering and Human Exploration
For human or large robotic exploration of Mars, engineering devices such as power sources will be utilized that interact closely with the Martian environment. Heat sources for power production, for example, will use the low ambient temperature for efficient heat rejection. The Martian ambient, however, is highly variable, and will have a first order influence on the efficiency and operation of all large-scale equipment. Diurnal changes in temperature, for example, can vary the theoretical efficiency of power production by 15% and affect the choice of equipment, working fluids, and operating parameters. As part of the Mars Exploration program, missions must acquire the environmental data needed for design, operation and maintenance of engineering equipment including the transportation devices. The information should focus on the variability of the environment, and on the differences among locations including latitudes, altitudes, and seasons. This paper outlines some of the WHY's, WHAT's and WHERE's of the needed data, as well as some examples of how this data will be used. Environmental data for engineering design should be considered a priority in Mars Exploration planning. The Mars Thermal Environment Radiator Characterization (MTERC), and Dust Accumulation and Removal Technology (DART) experiments planned for early Mars landers are examples of information needed for even small robotic missions. Large missions will require proportionately more accurate data that encompass larger samples of the Martian surface conditions. In achieving this goal, the Mars Exploration program will also acquire primary data needed for understanding Martian weather, surface evolution, and ground-atmosphere interrelationships.
England, C.↗
Evaluation of Thematic Mapper Performance as Applied to Hydrocarbon Exploration
The role data from the first three LANDSAT satellites have in geologic exploration and their current level of acceptance is reviewed and the advantages of LANDSAT 4 TM data over MSS data are discussed. Specially enhanced Thematic Mapper imager can make a very significant contribution to the oil and gas and mineral exploration industries. The TM's increased spatial resolution enables the production of larger scale imagery, which greatly increases the amount of geomorphic and structural information interpretable. TM's greater spectral resolution, combined with the smaller, more homogeneous pixels, should enable a far greater confidence in mapping lithologies and detecting geobotanical anomalies from space. The results from its applications to hydrocarbon and mineral exploration promise to bring the majority of the geologic exploration community into that final stage of acceptance and routine application of the satellite data.
Everett, J. R.↗
The squirrel monkey as a candidate for space flight
Because of its size and other unique diurnal-primate characteristics, the squirrel monkey is used in: (1) actual bioflight missions, (2) in laboratory tests designed to clarify the risks to man during launch and recovery as well as in hazardous spaceflight environments; and (3) in the acquisition of data on unknown risks encountered in long duration space exploration. Pertinent data concerning samiri sciureus as described in published and unpublished reports are summarized. Topics include: taxonomy, ethology, life history, sensory-learning-motor capabilities in primate perspective, anatomy and physiology (including homeostatic adaptation to stress), susceptibility to environmental hazards, reproduction, care and clinical management, and previous use in aerospace biomedical research.
Brizzee, K. R.↗
Observing stellar coronae with the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph. 1: The dMe star AU microscopoii
We report on an observation of AU Mic taken with the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS) aboard the Hubble Space Telescope. The data consist of a rapid sequence of spectra covering the wavelength range 1345-1375 A with a spectral resolution of 10,000. The observations were originally intended to search for spectral variations during flares. No flares were detected during the 3.5 hr of monitoring. A method of reducing the noise while combining the individual spectra in the time series is described which resulted in the elimination of half of the noise while rejecting only a small fraction of the stellar signal. The resultant spectrum was of sufficient quality to allow the detection of emission lines with an integrated flux of 10(exp -15) ergs/sq cm(sec) or greater. Lines of C I, O I, O V, Cl I, and Fe XXI were detected. This is the first indisputable detection of the 1354 A Fe XXI line, formed at T approximately = 10(exp 7) K, on a star other than the Sun. The line was well resolved and displayed no significant bulk motions or profile asymmetry. From the upper limit on the observed line width, we derive an upper limit of 38 km/s for the turbulent velocity in the 10(exp 7) K plasma. An upper limit is derived for the flux of the 1349 A Fe XII line, formed at T approximately = 1.3 x 10(exp 6) K. These data are combined with contemporaneous GHRS and International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) data to derive the volume emission measure distribution of AU Mic over the temperature range 10(exp 4)-10(exp 7) K. Models of coronal loops in hydrostatic equilibrium are consistent with the observed volume emission measures of the coronal lines. The fraction of the stellar surface covered by the footprints of the loops depends upon the loop length and is less than 14% for lengths smaller than the stellar radius. From the upper limit to the estimated width of the Fe XXI line prfile we find that the we cannot rule out Alfven wave dissipation as a possible contributor to the required quiescent loop heating rate.
Maran, S. P.↗
The Development of a Real-Time Optical Angle-of-Attack Measurement Capability at the NASA Ames Unitary Plan Wind Tunnel
The following details the implementation of a real-time optical angle-of-attack capability under development at the NASA Ames Unitary Plan Wind Tunnel (UPWT). Recent advancements in the integration of high bandwidth imaging systems at the Ames UPWT has laid the groundwork for the deployment of a calibrated, imaging based measurement capability. Some of the measurement goals of this data system include: an estimation of the orientation of a wind tunnel model to six degrees of freedom, measurements made at framerates high enough to time resolve model dynamics, triangulate corresponding points of interest from multiple camera views in three-dimensional space, acquire imagery with no impact to the productivity of the test matrix, provide results in real-time, and finally compute an estimation of the errors associated with the measurement. The following will outline the imaging hardware and data systems architecture, describe the data flow and image processing routines currently implemented, and explore example data and results from previous wind tunnel test entries.
Ground Testing↗
Quantitative Mineralogical Analysis of Mars Analogues Using CHEMIN Data and Rietveld Refinement
Mineralogical analysis is a critical component of planetary surface exploration. Chemical data alone leave serious gaps in our understanding of the surfaces of planets where complex minerals may form in combination with H, S, and halogens. On such planets (e.g., Mars) a single chemical composition may represent a range of mineral assemblages. For example, Viking chemical analyses of excavated duricrust indicate that Mg and S are correlated and ~10% MgSO4 (anhydrous weight) is a likely cementing agent. Pathfinder chemical data support a similar abundance of MgSO4 in the most altered materials. However, there are many possible Mg-sulfates with widely varying hydration states (including dehydrated and 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-hydrates). In addition, other sulfate minerals such as gypsum (CaSO4 .2H2O) and other salts containing Cl may also exist. X-ray diffraction (XRD) has the ability to decipher mixtures of these phases that would be difficult, if not impossible to unravel using only chemical or spectral data.
Bish, D. L.↗
VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS OF THE INTERPLANETARY PLASMA DETECTED BY EXPLORER 10
The plasma data recorded by the explorer x with regard to the velocity and angular distribution of the plasma ions
PLASMA PROBE↗
An Introduction to NASA DEVELOP & Project Applications of Airborne Data
DEVELOP projects often explore how NASA airborne data can aid partners in understanding the feasibility of using EO to support decisions. The use of NASA airborne EO has been a strong capacity building tool for many DEVELOP participants. A key to success in the DEVELOP projects was NASA scientists with expert knowledge of the airborne sensor data. NASA scientists will have to continue in this role until the community knowledge/capacity is built up as for many of the spaceborne EO data. NASA airborne sensors used in the last decade include AirSWOT, AVIRIS, AVIRIS-NG, HyTES, and UAVSAR.
Airborne remote sensing↗
Internship Final Report on the unsupervised learning sensor fusion (ULSF) approach
This paper describes a summer internship project undertaken at Sandia National Labs (SNL), both current status and future work. The project was to explore various machine learning approaches for use on turbulent flow data. Specifically, unsupervised classification of turbulent flow data was explored. First, the usage of models in this field is discussed, and several issues in the common usage of the models are identified. Solutions to these issues are then proposed, in the form of a Bayesian filtering approach which probabilistically incorporates multiple sources of data to improve confidence in a result. Several types of sensors are suggested for this method, the incorporation of which range from semi-supervised learning approaches to fully unsupervised. These approaches are then tested on several turbulent flow cases.
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
Experimental data as evidence against the hypothesis on the earth's dust cloud
Cosmos and Explorer satellite data used to reject hypothesis of terrestrial meteoroid and dust clouds
Bredov, M. M.↗
A command and data subsystem for deep space exploration based on the RCA 1802 microprocessor in a distributed configuration
The Command and Data Subsystem (CDS) is an RCA 1802microprocessor based subsystem that acts as the central nervous system for the Galileo Orbiter Spacecraft. All communication between the ground and spacecraft flows through the CDS. The CDS also distributes commands in real time, algorithmetrically expanded from a data base loaded from the ground and in response to spacecraft alarms. The distributed microprocessor system is configured as a redundant set of hardware with three microprocessors on each half. The microprocessors are surrounded by a group of special purpose hardware components which greatly enhance the ability of the software to perform its task. It is shown how the software architecture makes a distributed system of six microprocessors appear to each user as a single virtual machine, and collectively as a set of cooperating virtual machines that prevent the simultaneous presence of the several users from interfering destructively with each other.
Thomas, J. S.↗
Geological and geothermal data use investigations for Application Explorer Mission-A (Heat Capacity Mapping Mission)
Further digital processing of HCMM digital data was performed to extract the temperature from the day/night passes to calculate the apparent delta T in the Yerington, Nevada mine area. Further processing is needed to observe the atmospheric effect.
Lyon, R. J. P.↗
Exploration Roadmap Working Group (ERWG) Data Collection, NASA's Inputs
This slide presentation reviews four areas for further space exploration: (1) Human Exploration of Mars Design Reference Architecture (DRA) 5.0, (2) Robotic Precursors targeting Near Earth Objects (NEO) for Human Exploration, (3) Notional Human Exploration of Near Earth Objects and (4) Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Refueling to Augment Human Exploration. The first presentation reviews the goals and objectives of the Mars DRA, presents a possible mission profile, innovation requirements for the mission and key risks and challenges for human exploration of Mars. The second presentation reviews the objective and goals of the robotic precursors to the NEO and the mission profile of such robotic exploration. The third presentation reviews the mission scenario of human exploration of NEO, the objectives and goals, the mission operational drivers, the key technology needs and a mission profile. The fourth and last presentation reviews the examples of possible refueling in low earth orbit prior to lunar orbit insertion, to allow for larger delivered payloads for a lunar mission.
Drake, Bret↗
Malicious Cyber Activity Detection using Zigzag Persistence
In this study we synthesize zigzag persistence from topological data analysis with autoencoder-based approaches to detect malicious cyber activity, and derive analytic insights. Cybersecurity aims to safeguard computers, networks, and servers from various forms of malicious attacks, including network damage, data theft, and activity monitoring. We focus on the cybersecurity domain and investigate the detection of malicious activity using log data. We consider the dynamics of the log data and explore the changing topology of a hypergraph representation of this data to gain insights into the underlying activity. These hypergraphs capture complex interactions between processes, together with their temporal information. To study the changing topology we use zigzag persistence, which captures how topological features persist at multiple dimensions over time. We observe that this detects malicious activity in a cyber data set. To automate this detection we implement an autoencoder trained on a vectorization of the resulting zigzag persistence barcodes. Our experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the autoencoder in detecting malicious activity. Overall, this study highlights the potential of zigzag persistence and its combination with temporal hypergraphs for analyzing cybersecurity log data and detecting malicious behavior.
hypergraphs, temporal hypergraph, topological data↗