Toxicity at 1 Year After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in 3 Fractions for Localized Prostate Cancer
To assess the toxicity profile of prostate cancer stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in 3 fractions.
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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The Oral CXCR4 Inhibitor X4-136 Improves Tumor Control and Reduces Toxicity in Cervical Cancer Treated With Radiation Therapy and Concurrent Chemotherapy
Cervical cancer is a global health problem. Despite the growth of prevention programs, there is an important need to improve the effectiveness of treatment for patients with invasive, locally advanced disease. In this study we examined (1) the efficacy of radiation therapy (RT) with cisplatin (RTCT) and an orally administered CXCR4 inhibitor suitable for clinical use, X4-136; (2) biomarkers of response to RTCT and X4-136; and (3) intestinal toxicity from RTCT and X4-136.
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APBI Versus Ultra-APBI in the Elderly With Low-Risk Breast Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of Oncological Outcome and Late Toxicity
Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) represents a validated technique for low-risk breast cancer. Recently, ultra-APBI (uAPBI) using fewer than 5 fractions was described in the literature. We compared clinical outcomes and late toxicity after APBI or uAPBI in older patients.
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Association of Epigenetic Age Acceleration With Risk Factors, Survival, and Quality of Life in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
Epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) is robustly linked with mortality and morbidity. This study examined risk factors of EAA and its association with overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and quality of life (QOL) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) receiving radiation therapy.
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Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation in Patients With High-Risk Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Quality of Life and Neurocognitive Analysis of a Randomized Phase II Study
To this date, studies regarding the use of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) versus standard of care (SoC) for patients with non-small cell lung cancer have shown limited benefit in survival outcomes, in addition to the potential effects on quality of life (QoL) and neurocognitive function (NCF). This randomized, phase II study evaluated the role of PCI in QoL and NCF, in a population comprised of subjects at a high risk for development of brain metastases (BM).
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Lung Cancer and Heart Disease Risks Associated With Low-Dose Pulmonary Radiotherapy to COVID-19 Patients With Different Background Risks
The respiratory disease COVID-19 reached global pandemic status in 2020. Excessive inflammation is believed to result in the most severe symptoms and death from this disease. Because treatment options for patients with severe COVID-19 related pulmonary symptoms remain limited, whole-lung low-dose radiation therapy is being evaluated as an anti-inflammatory modality. However, there is concern about the long-term risks associated with low-dose pulmonary irradiation. To help quantify the benefit-risk balance of low-dose radiation therapy for COVID-19, we estimated radiation-induced lifetime risks of both lung cancer and heart disease (major coronary events) for patients of different sexes, treated at ages 50 to 85, with and without other relevant risk factors (cigarette smoking and baseline heart disease risk).
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A Machine Learning Model Approach to Risk-Stratify Patients With Gastrointestinal Cancer for Hospitalization and Mortality Outcomes
Patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer frequently experience unplanned hospitalizations, but predictive tools to identify high-risk patients are lacking. We developed a machine learning model to identify high-risk patients.
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Long-Term Outcomes From a Phase 2 Trial of Radiofrequency Ablation Combined With External Beam Radiation Therapy for Patients With Inoperable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Long-term outcomes after external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for medically inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are not well known.
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Nomogram Predicting Overall Survival in Patients With Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Treated With Radiochemotherapy Including Image-Guided Brachytherapy: A Retro-EMBRACE Study
To present a nomogram for prediction of overall survival (OS) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) undergoing definitive radiochemotherapy including image-guided adaptive brachytherapy (IGABT).
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Prostate Cancer Targeted X-Ray Fluorescence Imaging via Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized With Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)
The gold nanoparticle (GNP) as a promising theranostic probe has been increasingly studied. The tumor-targeting efficiency of GNPs is crucial to increase the therapeutic ratio. In this study, we developed PSMA-targeted GNPs to enhance GNP uptake in prostate cancer and developed an x-ray fluorescence imaging system to noninvasively monitor and assess GNP delivery.
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Population-Level Uptake of Moderately Hypofractionated Definitive Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer
Recent evidence shows the noninferiority of hypofractionated radiation therapy regimens compared with conventional regimens in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). Hypofractionation has benefits for both the patient and health care system, because of the shorter treatment duration. Despite this advantage, the uptake of hypofractionation can be slow. Here we investigate the factors influencing the changing use of moderate hypofractionation (HypoRT) for the treatment of PCa.
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Strategies for Motion Robust Proton Therapy With Pencil Beam Scanning for Esophageal Cancer
Proton therapy of esophageal cancer is superior to photon radiation therapy in terms of normal tissue sparing. However, respiratory motion and anatomical changes may compromise target dose coverage owing to density changes, geometric misses, and interplay effects. Here we investigate the combined effect on clinical target volume (CTV) coverage and compare proton therapy with intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).
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Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) Prediction Model for Osteoradionecrosis of the Mandible in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer After Radiation Therapy: Large-Scale Observational Cohort
Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible represents a severe, debilitating complication of radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC). At present, no normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models for risk of ORN exist. The aim of this study was to develop a multivariable clinical/dose-based NTCP model for the prediction of ORN any grade (ORN{sub I-IV}) and grade IV (ORN{sub IV}) after RT (±chemotherapy) in patients with HNC.
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Computed Tomography-Based Delta-Radiomics Analysis for Discriminating Radiation Pneumonitis in Patients With Esophageal Cancer After Radiation Therapy
Our purpose was to construct a computed tomography (CT)–based delta-radiomics nomogram and corresponding risk classification system for individualized and accurate estimation of severe acute radiation pneumonitis (SARP) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC) after radiation therapy.
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Cost-Effectiveness of Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation Versus MRI Surveillance for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Owing to conflicting prospective data, controversy exists regarding prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of PCI versus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) surveillance for patients with ES-SCLC based on currently available evidence and in the context of the proposed Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services alternative payment model.
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Moderately Hypofractionated Once-Daily Compared With Twice-Daily Thoracic Radiation Therapy Concurrently With Etoposide and Cisplatin in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter, Phase II, Randomized Trial
Chemotherapy and concurrent thoracic radiation therapy (CCTRT) followed by prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is the standard of care for limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). We aimed to compare the efficacy and toxicity of moderately hypofractionated once-daily CCTRT with that of a standard twice-daily regimen.
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External Beam Radiation Therapy in pT4 Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Population-Based Study of 405 Patients
The benefit of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in locally advanced, well- differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) is uncertain. The purpose of this study is to evaluate locoregional recurrence (LRR), progression-free survival, and cause-specific survival (CSS) of patients with pT4 well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
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The Role of Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Nonhilar Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer: A Long-Term Single-Institution Analysis
Despite frequent use in the clinical setting, especially for patients with high-risk factors for relapse, the role of adjuvant treatment has not been clarified in nonhilar extrahepatic bile duct cancer (NH-EHBDC). The goal of this study is to identify the role of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in NH-EHBDC patients after radical surgery.
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