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At least 397 records · Page 22
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Matching an H{sup –} beam into a radio frequency quadrupole at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

A major component of work being carried out to upgrade the ISIS spallation neutron source at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) is the Front End Test Stand (FETS). FETS is aimed at improving the luminosity of the linac, and consists of a Penning ion source, Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT), Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ), and Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT). It may serve as a first part of the accelerator chain providing a 60 mA, 3 MeV H{sup –} beam up to a 10% duty cycle. The current output of the source and the transmission of the LEBT are reasonable, but there are issues with the alignment to provide a centred beam matched into the acceptance of the RFQ. Improvements have been made to the post acceleration to address this problem. Measurements with a collimated beam have been performed to understand the behaviour of the solenoids and steerer magnets. Comparing these results with simulations proved that, besides possible mechanical imperfections of the ion source and post acceleration assembly, agreement can only be achieved if the magnetic fields are distorted.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2014

A radial collimator for a time-of-flight neutron spectrometer

We have engineered and installed a radial collimator for use in the scattered beam of a neutron time-of-flight spectrometer at a spallation neutron source. The radial collimator may be used with both thermal and epithermal neutrons, reducing the detected scattering intensity due to material outside of the sample region substantially. The collimator is located inside of the sample chamber of the instrument, which routinely cycles between atmospheric conditions and cryogenic vacuum. The oscillation and support mechanism of the collimator allow it to be removed from use without breaking vacuum. We describe here the design and characterization of this radial collimator.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2022

On possibility of low-emittance high-energy muon source based on plasma wakefield acceleration

We report plasma wakefield acceleration (PWA) channels are characterized by very high accelerating gradients and very strong focusing fields. We propose to employ these properties for effective production of low emittance high energy muon beams, consider muon beam dynamics in the PWFA cell and analyze various options and potential of the PWA-based muon sources.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Methods and Procedures for Shielding Analyses for the SNS

In order to provide radiologically safe Spallation Neutron Source operation, shielding analyses are performed according to Oak Ridge National Laboratory internal regulations and to comply with the Code of Federal Regulations. An overview of on-going shielding work for the accelerator facility and neutrons beam lines, methods, used for the analyses, and associated procedures and regulations is presented. Methods used to perform shielding analyses are described as well.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Neutrons for Catalysis: A Workshop on Neutron Scattering Techniques for Studies in Catalysis

This report summarizes the Workshop on Neutron Scattering Techniques for Studies in Catalysis, held at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) on September 16 and 17, 2010. The goal of the Workshop was to bring experts in heterogeneous catalysis and biocatalysis together with neutron scattering experimenters to identify ways to attack new problems, especially Grand Challenge problems in catalysis, using neutron scattering. The Workshop locale was motivated by the neutron capabilities at ORNL, including the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) and the new and developing instrumentation at the SNS. Approximately 90 researchers met for 1 1/2 days with oral presentations and breakout sessions. Oral presentations were divided into five topical sessions aimed at a discussion of Grand Challenge problems in catalysis, dynamics studies, structure characterization, biocatalysis, and computational methods. Eleven internationally known invited experts spoke in these sessions. The Workshop was intended both to educate catalyst experts about the methods and possibilities of neutron methods and to educate the neutron community about the methods and scientific challenges in catalysis. Above all, it was intended to inspire new research ideas among the attendees. All attendees were asked to participate in one or more of three breakout sessions to share ideas and propose new experiments that could be performed using the ORNL neutron facilities. The Workshop was expected to lead to proposals for beam time at either the HFIR or the SNS; therefore, it was expected that each breakout session would identify a few experiments or proof-of-principle experiments and a leader who would pursue a proposal after the Workshop. Also, a refereed review article will be submitted to a prominent journal to present research and ideas illustrating the benefits and possibilities of neutron methods for catalysis research.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

In Situ Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Mixed-Valence Inorganic Crystal Formation

We have found that the established methods to discover and produce earth-abundant iron-containing active layers are very inefficient. The prospective new material iron silicon sulfide, Fe 2 SiS 4 , was previously only synthesized by slow reactions of metallic iron, silicon, and sulfur powders, resulting in poor yield. We found that using an ordered iron-silicon alloy as a feedstock results in a much faster reaction at a lower temperature. We could track this reaction using our unique in-situ X-ray diffractometer, which allows us to heat our encapsulated material up to 1000°C while providing a simultaneous picture of how the atoms in the structure rearrange. We are using this powerful new technique to search for new active layers and optimize their formation by creative use of more complex reagents. Our key accomplishments are mechanisms for improving synthesis, and new materials that result from them. We have demonstrated the utility of high-throughput, DOE-developed infrastructure, such as the Materials Project, to accelerate materials discovery and synthesis. We have pioneered new capabilities of user facilities, such as beamlines 6-BM, 17-BM, and 11-BM at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) and POWGEN and NOMAD at the Spallation Neutron Source.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2010

Technical Report: Toward a Scalable Algorithm to Compute High-Dimensional Integrals of Arbitrary Functions

Neutron experiments at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) frequently generate large amounts of data (on the order of 106-1012 data points). Hence, traditional data analysis tools run on a single CPU take too long to be practical and scientists are unable to efficiently analyze all data generated by experiments. Our goal is to develop a scalable algorithm to efficiently compute high-dimensional integrals of arbitrary functions. This algorithm can then be used to integrate the four-dimensional integrals that arise as part of modeling intensity from the experiments at the SNS. Here, three different one-dimensional numerical integration solvers from the GNU Scientific Library were modified and implemented to solve four-dimensional integrals. The results of these solvers on a final integrand provided by scientists at the SNS can be compared to the results of other methods, such as quasi-Monte Carlo methods, computing the same integral. A parallelized version of the most efficient method can allow scientists the opportunity to more effectively analyze all experimental data.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2010

ZEEMANS - a high magnetic

ZEEMANS, a new instrument proposed for the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS)at Oak Ridge, will provide highest available magnetic elds for neutron scattering experiments.The unique capabilities of the magnet, large size and required connection to utilities demanda versatile instrument, able of performing diraction (powder and single crystal), SANS,reectometry, and inelastic spectrometry, with minimal modications between congurations.In this paper we present preliminary design features for ZEEMANS. Monte Carlo simulationsand analytical calculations were used to study its expected performance.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Neutron Instruments Added at Oak Ridge

The neutron scattering facilities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory continue their development as new instruments are commissioned and join the user program at the Spallation Neutron Source and High Flux Isotope Reactor. More than 640 proposals were received for beam time during the January-May 2011 period on SNS and HFIR instruments with about half either being accepted or identified as alternates. The proposal call for the period June-December 2011, announced at http://neutrons.ornl.gov, will close February 23, 2011.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2011

SNS target reaches end-of-life

On Sunday, April 3, 2011, the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) target reached an end-of-life condition, so user operations were shut down to change the stainless steel target housing the liquid mercury. This is the third change out of the target vessel; it is an expected event and took about two weeks. We took advantage of this time to do maintenance work that was planned for the longer summer shutdown. This will shorten that shutdown and recover the neutron production time. SNS restarted user operations on April 20.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2011

LASER BASED DIAGNOSTICS FOR MEASURING H- BEAM PARAMETERS

In recent years, a number of laser based H- beam diagnostics systems have been developed in the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). This talk reviews three types of laser-based diagnostics at SNS: the laser wire profile monitors at superconducting linac (SCL), the laser based transverse emittance measurement system at high energy beam transport (HEBT), and the laser bunch shape monitor at medium energy beam transport (MEBT). Measurement performance will be reported and major technical challenges in the design, implementation, and operation of the laser based diagnostics at accelerator facilities will be addressed.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Neutron Studies of Tb2Mo2O7

We have used the new high energy resolution spectrometer (BaSiS), at the Spallation Neutron Source in Oak Ridge, to conclusively prove the existence of a low energy mode at 0.34(1) meV in the spin glass Tb{sub 2}Mo{sub 2}O{sub 7}. This mode is reminiscent of the excitation observed in the ordered phases of both Tb{sub 2}Ti{sub 2}O{sub 7} and Tb{sub 2}Sn{sub 2}O{sub 7}. The dynamical nature of the transition seen in the magnetization at {approx} 25 K suggests that this frustrated magnet shows a dynamic crossover between a high-temperature phase of poorly correlated, quickly relaxing spins to a low-temperature regime with much slower, short ranged spin correlations extending no further than to the next nearest neighbor. Existing theories explain the spin glass transition in terms of a phase transition and order parameters, and assume the existence of a distinct spin glass phase. There is no evidence for such a phase in Tb{sub 2}Mo{sub 2}O{sub 7}.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2012

H- AND PROTON BEAM LOSS COMPARISON AT SNS SUPERCONDUCTING LINAC

A comparison of beam loss in the superconducting part (SCL) of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) linac for H- and protons is presented. During the experiment the nominal beam of negative hydrogen ions in the SCL was replaced by a proton beam created by insertion of a thin stripping carbon foil placed in the low energy section of the linac. The observed significant reduction in the beam loss for protons is explained by a domination of the intra beam stripping mechanism of the beam loss for H-. The details of the experiment are discussed, and a preliminary estimation of the cross section of the reaction H- + H- -> H- + H0 + e is presented. Earlier, a short description of these studies was presented in [1].

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2012

CHALLENGES FOR THE SNS RING ENERGY UPGRADE

The Oak Ridge Spallation Neutron Source accumulator ring presently operates at a beam power of about 1 MW with a beam energy of about 910 MeV. A power upgrade is planned to increase the beam energy to 1.3 GeV. For the accumulator ring this mostly involves modifications to the injection and extraction sections. A variety of modifications to the existing injection section were necessary to achieve 1 MW, and the tools developed and the lessons learned from this work are now being applied to the design of the new injection section. This paper will discuss the tools and the lessons learned, and also present the design and status of the upgrades to the accumulator ring.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Laser beam pointing stabilization using analog position-sensitive diodes

Laser wire scanners have been used for ion beam profile and emittance measurements at the Spallation Neutron Source linear accelerator. Due to propagation distances exceeding 100 m, reliable measurements require laser beam stabilization, previously accomplished with a feedback control loop using a digital camera as a position sensor [Hardin et al., Opt. Express 19, 2874 (2011)]. Here, this paper presents an upgraded pointing stabilization system utilizing analog position-sensitive diodes (PSDs) as the position detector, optimized with an optical diffuser. The new system significantly surpasses the previous system by offering an order-of-magnitude improvement in radiation tolerance and a bandwidth limited only by the burst repetition rate of the laser beam. Operating with a 60-Hz burst mode laser, the new system effectively suppresses laser beam drifts up to 30 Hz, compared to the previous system’s 4 Hz limit. In addition, the amplitude of spectral components below 0.1 Hz was reduced by a factor of more than 100, which is over seven times greater than was achieved by the previous system.

Data acquisition↗
DOE OSTI2015

Emittance measurements for optimum operation of the J-PARC RF-driven H{sup −} ion source

In order to satisfy the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) second stage requirements of an H{sup −} ion beam of 60mA within normalized emittances of 1.5πmm•mrad both horizontally and vertically, a flat top beam duty factor of 1.25% (500μs×25Hz) and a life-time of longer than 1month, the J-PARC cesiated RF-driven H{sup −} ion source was developed by using an internal-antenna developed at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). The transverse emittances of the source were measured with various conditions to find out the optimum operation conditions minimizing the horizontal and vertical rms normalized emittances. The transverse emittances were most effectively reduced by operating the source with the plasma electrode temperature lower than 70°C. The optimum value of the cesium (Cs) density around the beam hole of the plasma electrode seems to be proportional to the plasma electrode temperature. The fine control of the Cs density is indispensable, since the emittances seem to increase proportionally to the excessiveness of the Cs density. Furthermore, the source should be operated with the Cs density beyond a threshold value, since the plasma meniscus shape and the ellipse parameters of the transverse emittances seem to be changed step-function-likely on the threshold Cs value.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Neutron Scattering in High Magnetic Fields: Community Recommendations to Seize the Moment for Scientific Breakthroughs

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) operates the world’s two most powerful neutron sources: the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) and the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). These form a national user facility that provides neutron scattering instruments to probe and image static and dynamic properties of materials down to the atomic scale. Because the neutron carries a magnetic moment and the energies and wavelengths of neutrons match energy and length scales associated with magnetic materials, these facilities provide unique sensitivity to magnetism.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Maintenance and operation procedure, and feedback controls of the J-PARC RF-driven H{sup −} ion source

In order to satisfy the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) second stage requirements of an H{sup −} ion beam of 60mA within normalized emittances of 1.5πmm•mrad both horizontally and vertically, a flat top beam duty factor of 1.25% (500μs×25Hz) and a life-time of longer than 1month, the J-PARC cesiated RF-driven H{sup −} ion source was developed by using an internal-antenna developed at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). The maintenance and operation procedure to minimize the plasma chamber (PCH) replacement time on the beam line, which is very important to maximize the J-PARC beam time especially for an antenna failure, is presented in this paper. The PCH preserved by filling argon (Ar) gas inside after pre-conditioning including pre-cesiation to produce the required beam at a test-stand successfully produced the required beam on the beam line with slight addition of cesium (Cs). The methods of the feedback controls of a 2MHz-RF-matching, an H{sup −} ion beam intensity and the addition of Cs are also presented. The RF-matching feedback by using two vacuum variable capacitors (VVCs) and RF-frequency shift produced the almost perfect matching with negligibly small reflected RF-power. The H{sup −} ion beam intensity was controlled within errors of ±0.1mA by the RF-power feedback. The amount of Cs was also controlled by remotely opening a Cs-valve to keep the RF-power lower than a settled value.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗