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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 397 records · Page 22

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NASA NTRS1971

Monolithic parallel processor, phase 1A

A four-bit parallel processor LSI array was designed and fabricated using COS/MOS integrated-circuit technology. The design features include the provision for interconnecting groups of parallel-processor chips to form an expanded processor of any desired word length. This 800-transistor "computer on a chip' circuit has the logic capability of a medium-size, medium-speed, general-purpose computer suitable for sophisticated scientific data processing. The ability to fabricate this device repetitively was demonstrated.

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NASA NTRS1971

Apollo 15 Mission Report

A detailed discussion is presented of the Apollo 15 mission, which conducted exploration of the moon over longer periods, greater ranges, and with more instruments of scientific data acquisition than previous missions. The topics include trajectory, lunar surface science, inflight science and photography, command and service module performance, lunar module performance, lunar surface operational equipment, pilot's report, biomedical evaluation, mission support performance, assessment of mission objectives, launch phase summary, anomaly summary, and vehicle and equipment descriptions. The capability of transporting larger payloads and extending time on the moon were demonstrated. The ground-controlled TV camera allowed greater real-time participation by earth-bound personnel. The crew operated more as scientists and relied more on ground support team for systems monitoring. The modified pressure garment and portable life support system provided better mobility and extended EVA time. The lunar roving vehicle and the lunar communications relay unit were also demonstrated.

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NASA NTRS1972

The flare forecasting fiasco: Is everybody looking at the same sun?

The passionate dream of the oppressed solar flare forecaster is the scientific discovery of the cause, the energy source, and the observable antecedent conditions for the solar flare. This tunnel vision has had a profound and deleterious effect on the state-of-the-art. It has diverted attention from many promising approaches and relegated them to limbo. More importantly, it has actually inhibited the scientific search for the underlying physical mechanisms. Examples of neglected aspects of the problem cover the entire range from observing techniques and equipment to the availability and accuracy of the archived scientific data. A cursory inspection of this data leads to an obvious conclusion: there are at least two suns up there.

Ward, F. W., Jr.↗

NASA NTRS1972

Instrumentation for balloon and rocket experiments.

Description of a number of plasma, particle, and field detectors used on rocket investigations in and above the earth's atmosphere. Emphasis is on magnetospheric and solar-interplanetary studies. A balloon-borne X-ray telescope system with 20-min pointing accuracy is discussed. A PCM telemetry system used on both balloons and rockets to handle scientific data is described which includes a simple Doppler ranging system that gives location to 1.5 km. A system to reduce and analyze PCM data on the ground is discussed.

Anderson, K. A.↗

NASA NTRS1972

Some scientific criteria for a cometary mission

Scientific data necessary for a successful flyby or rendezvous cometary mission are outlined. Specific material cover photometric profiles of the different molecular bands of various comets and instruments by which such measurements can be made.

Delsemme, A. H.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Cartographic products from the Mariner 9 mission

Simultaneous acquisition of geodetic, cartographic, geologic, and other scientific data on Mars from Mariner 9 required extensive modification of conventional methods of mapping. Preliminary evaluation of all data simultaneously generated an inordinately large number of interim cartographic products for a final cartographic atlas of Mars. The selection of the scales at which Mars would be mapped, the projections to be used, and the way the planet would be divided into quadrangles was based on the resolution of Mariner 9 pictures and upon the resources available over the lifetime of the Mariner Mars 1971 Project.

Batson, R. M.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Field refurbishment of recoverable sounding rocket payloads.

Sounding rocket payload field refurbishment has been shown to be an effective means for obtaining additional scientific data with substantial time and monetary savings. In a recent campaign three successful missions were flown using two payloads. Field refurbished hardware from two previously flown and recovered payloads were field integrated to form a third payload. Although this operational method may result in compromises in the refurbished system, it allows for quick turn around when the mission requires it. This paper describes the recent success of this approach with the Dudley Observatory Nike-Apache micrometeorite collection experiments launched from Kiruna, Sweden, in October 1972.

Needleman, H. C.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Study of 1980 Comet Encke-asteroid missions using a spin-stabilized spacecraft. Volume 1: Summary report

As a contribution to improved understanding of early comet exploration options, independent studies were undertaken which resulted in the identification of a number of fast flyby mission options for the 1980 apparition of Encke. The primary impetus for this approach was the prospect of utilizing existing launch vehicles and conventional spacecraft technology. In addition, timely experience and scientific data gained through an early fast flyby could prove valuable in implementing more ambitious succeeding missions, including a flyby of Comet Halley in 1986.

Bursnall, W. J.↗

NASA NTRS1973

ALSEP arrays A, B, C, and A-2

The objectives of the lunar surface exploration packages are defined and the preliminary design of scientific systems hardware is reported. Instrument packages are to collect and transmit to earth scientific data on the lunar interior, the lunar surface composition, and the lunar geomorphology

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NASA NTRS1974

MSFC Skylab Apollo Telescope Mount experiment systems mission evaluation

A detailed evaluation is presented of the Skylab Apollo Telescope Mount experiments performance throughout the eight and one-half month Skylab Mission. Descriptions and the objectives of each instrument are included. The anomalies experienced, the causes, and corrective actions taken are discussed. Conclusions, based on evaluation of the performance of each instrument, are presented. Examples of the scientific data obtained, as well as a discussion of the quality and quantity of the data, are presented.

White, A. F., Jr.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Electromagnetic containerless melting and solidification in the weightless environment

General facility concepts capable of processing the widest range of possible important containerless processing experiments within reasonable technology constraints are indicated. An important part of the work has been to make an up-to-date summary of these experiment possibilities. An attempt has been made to consider materials based on importance in terms of new scientific data or possible future commercial applications.

Frost, R. T.↗

NASA NTRS1975

CVT/GPL phase 3 integrated testing

The hardware for 20 candidate shuttle program life sciences experiments was installed in the GPL and experiments were conducted during a 5-day simulated mission. The experiments involved humans, primates, rats, chickens, and marigold plants. All experiments were completed to the satisfaction of the experimenters. In addition to the scientific data gathered for each experiment, information was obtained concerning experiment hardware design and integration, experiment procedures, GPL support systems, and test operations. The results of the integrated tests are presented.

Shurney, R. E.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Hypobaric chamber for the study of oral health problems in a simulated spacecraft environment

A hypobaric chamber was constructed to house two marmo-sets simultaneously in a space-simulated environment for periods of 14, 28 and 56 days which coincided with the anticipated Skylab missions. This report details the fabrication, operation, and performance of the chamber and very briefly reviews the scientific data from nine chamber trials involving 18 animals. The possible application of this model system to studies unrelated to oral health or space missions is discussed.

Brown, L. R.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Medical results of the Skylab program

The Skylab food system, waste management system, operational bioinstrumentation, personal hygiene provisions, in-flight medical support system, and the cardiovascular counterpressure garment worn during reentry are described. The medical experiments program provided scientific data and also served as the basis for real-time decisions on flight duration. Premission support, in-flight operational support, and postflight medical activities are surveyed. Measures devised to deal with possible food spoilage, medical instrument damage, and toxic atmosphere caused by the initial failures on the Orbital Workshop (OWS) are discussed. The major medical experiments performed in flight allowed the study of physiological changes as a function of exposure to weightless flight. The experiments included studies of the cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal and fluid/electrolyte balance, sleep, blood, vestibular system, and time and motion studies.

Johnston, R. S.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Design characteristics of a Skylab soft X-ray telescope

An unprecedented amount of high-quality scientific data has been obtained by the S-056 soft X-ray telescope experiment, together with five other major solar experiments aboard the Skylab Apollo Telescope Mount. A 10-year period will be required to get the 26,000 frames of data into proper form. The optical schematic of the instrument is discussed, and the instrument and its subsystems are described.

Walsh, E. J.↗

NASA NTRS1975

The Skylab program - An overview

A brief survey is made of significant aspects of the Skylab missions, with emphasis on atmospheric control, electrical power, stabilization and attitude control, prevention of instrument contamination, habitability of the spacecraft, in-flight maintenance and repair, and crew training. Skylab, unlike previous manned spacecraft, had a two-gas atmosphere of oxygen and nitrogen. The station's 25-kW capability was the largest electrical system ever flown in space. Skylab was the first flight application of large control-moment gyroscopes for attitude control. The missions provided significant scientific data in the fields of solar physics, biomedicine, earth resources, and materials processing. Particularly important was the finding of no physical limitation to men's ability to work in space for long periods.

Disher, J. H.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Viking mission operations

The Viking Flight Team and ground system must operate in an integrated manner with the two orbiters and two landers to acquire the scientific data that will significantly increase our knowledge of Mars. Viking mission requires an adaptive mode of flight operations which permits reflection of the knowledge gained as the mission progresses into subsequent data acquisition operations. This includes reflection of both the knowledge gained about Mars and knowledge as to how well each of the four vehicles and the ground data system are performing. The requirement for adaptive mission operations has imposed special considerations in the Viking mission design, landing site selection, organization of the Flight Team and in the design and development of the operational tools required by this team. A mission operations strategy has been developed which governs the multivehicle adaptive mission operations.

Young, A. T.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Helios mission support

The Helios-1 spacecraft has completed its dual superior conjunctions and second perihelion passage of the Sun and is rapidly approaching its second aphelion, near the Earth's heliocentric trajectory. Valuable scientific data were obtained during these two important events. Helios-B testing activities are proceeding according to schedule, with test results reported in this article.

P. S. Goodwin↗