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At least 397 records · Page 22
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1978

Isotopic anomalies in solar system material - What can they tell us

Three relatively recently discovered anomalies are considered. The goal of isotopic research is to understand what phenomena are responsible for the observed isotopic anomalies, and thereby to determine the initial solar system isotopic composition. Until recently there has been no measured isotopic ratios which could not be understood in the context of reasonable physical or chemical processes acting to alter a uniform initial solar isotopic composition. This situation changed in 1969 with the discovery by Black and Pepin of an unusual neon isotopic composition in certain carbonaceous meteories. This unusual composition was later designated as Neon E. An unusual or anomalous oxygen isotopic composition was discovered by Clayton et al. (1973). A magnesium isotopic anomaly was discovered by Gray and Compston (1974), and Lee and Papanastassiou (1974). The three isotopic anomalies are discussed, emphasizing particularly the experimental evidence, possible causes for the observed isotopic composition and finally, possible implications of these anomalies with regard to models of solar system formation and evolution.

Black, D. C.↗
NASA NTRS1978

What can X-rays tell us about SNR's

It is pointed out that X rays have been detected from about a dozen supernova remnants (SNRs) of the Galaxy. A reasonably current catalog of X-ray SNRs is given in a table. All the remnants are close, within 3 kpc of the sun (except for Tycho, which is probably twice that distance). The information of astrophysical significance which can be gained from X-ray observations of SNRs is discussed. General observational considerations are followed by a discussion of the Vela SNR as a typical case. Young SNRs are the ones most likely to yield information about the supernova process. Attention is also given to the second High-Energy Astronomical Observatory which is to provide much additional information concerning the SNRs.

Winkler, P. F., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Development of the cryogenic tunnel concept and application to the US National Transonic Facility

A fan-driven, high Reynolds number, transonic cryogenic wind tunnel is described. The tunnel has a 2.5- by 2.5 m test section and is capable of operating from ambient to cryogenic temperatures at stagnation pressures up to 8.8 atm. An overview of the cryogenic concept and discussions of drive power requirements, support systems, and operating characteristics and performance of the wind tunnel are included.

Kilgore, R. A.↗
NASA NTRS1980

A summary of joint US-Canadian augmentor wing powered-lift STOL research programs at the Ames Research Center, NASA, 1975-1980

Several different flight research programs carried out by NASA and the Canadian Government using the Augmentor Wing Jet STOL Research Aircraft to investigate the design, operational, and systems requirements for powered-lift STOL aircraft are summarized. Some of these programs considered handling qualities and certification criteria for this class of aircraft, and addressed pilot control techniques, control system design, and improved cockpit displays for the powered-lift STOL approach configuration. Other programs involved exploiting the potential of STOL aircraft for constrained terminal-area approaches within the context of present or future air traffic control environments. Both manual and automatic flight control investigations are discussed, and an extensive bibliography of the flight programs is included.

Hindson, W. S.↗
NASA NTRS1980

US Coast Guard lightweight fire-fighting module

The U.S. Coast Guard Fire-fighting Module developed for the purpose of fighting fires in harbors and on ships is described. The module can be lifted by a dockside crane or helicopter and placed on the deck of a patrol boat or cutter for transportation to the scene of the fire. At the fire the module can be set up and put in operation by a crew of two in approximately fifteen minutes. Once in operation the module will deliver water to two fire nozzles at a pressure of 150 psi and a flow rate of 2000 gpm. Sufficient fuel is carried in the module for three hours of continuous operation. A record of the development of the fire fighting module is also presented.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1979

The use of the German V-2 in US for upper atmosphere research

Early U.S. space experiments involving the liquid propellant German V-2 are discussed. Although the primary objective of the experiments conducted under project Hermes after World War II was initially the development of missile technology, scientific objectives were soon given the priority. The missile was modified for scientific experiments and the payload increased from 6.8% to 47% between 1946 and 1949. Among other instruments, the payload included a cosmic ray telescope, ionosphere transmitter and spectrograph for solar spectral measurements. While the scientific success of the program established a positive public attitude towards space research, the Upper Atmosphere Research Panel, formed to coordinate the project, set a pattern for future scientific advisory bodies.

Curtis, S. A.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Characteristics and status of the US National Transonic Facility

A major application of the cryogenic wind tunnel concept is discussed. A closed return fan driven circuit with a 2.5 meter square slotted test section, pressurized up to 8.85 atmospheres, and providing chord Reynolds numbers of 120 million based on a chord of 0.25 meter at transonic speeds using cold nitrogen as the test gas is described.

Igoe, W. B.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Crop calendars for the US, USSR, and Canada in support of the early warning project

New crop calendars are produced for U.S. regions where several years of periodic growth stage observations are available on a CRD basis. Preexisting crop calendars from the LACIE are also collected as are U.S. crop calendars currently being created for the Foreign Commodities Production Forecast project. For the U.S.S.R. and Canada, no new crop calendars are created because no new data are available. Instead, LACIE crop calendars are compared against simulated normal daily temperatures and against the Robertson wheat and Williams barley phenology models run on the simulated normal temperatures. Severe inconsistencies are noted and discussed. For the U.S.S.R., spring and fall planting dates can probably be estimated accurately from satellite or meteorological data. For the starter model problem, the Feyerherm spring wheat model is recommended for spring planted small grains, and the results of an analysis are presented. For fall planted small grains, use of normal planting dates supplemented by spectral observation of an early stage is recommended. The importance of nonmeteorological factors as they pertain to meteorological factors in determining fall planting is discussed. Crop calendar data available at the Johnson Space Center for the U.S., U.S.S.R., Canada, and other countries are inventoried.

Hodges, T.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Evaluation of results of US corn and soybeans exploratory experiment: Classification procedures verification test

The classification procedure utilized in making crop proportion estimates for corn and soybeans using remotely sensed data was evaluated. The procedure was derived during the transition year of the Large Area Crop Inventory Experiment. Analysis of variance techniques were applied to classifications performed by 3 groups of analysts who processed 25 segments selected from 4 agrophysical units (APU's). Group and APU effects were assessed to determine factors which affected the quality of the classifications. The classification results were studied to determine the effectiveness of the procedure in producing corn and soybeans proportion estimates.

Carnes, J. G.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Effects of an AST program on US titanium story

The singular importance of titanium as the primary structural material for an efficient advanced supersonic transport (AST) is outlined. The advantages of titanium over other metals are shown to apply to future subsonic aircraft as well as for supersonic designs. The cost problem of titanium is addressed and shown to be markedly reduced by the emerging technologies of superplastic forming/diffusion bonding sandwich, hot isostatic pressing of titanium powders, and isothermal forgings if demonstration programs should validate preliminary findings. The impact of a U.S. AST program on the United States titanium supply and demand picture is postulated.

Fitzsimmons, R. D.↗
NASA NTRS1981

US Army remotely piloted vehicle supporting technology program

Essential technology programs that lead to the full scale engineering development of the Aquila Remotely Piloted Vehicle system for U.S. Army are described. The Aquila system uses a small recoverable and reusable RPV to provide target acquisition, designation, and aerial reconnaissance mission support for artillery and smart munitions. Developments that will provide growth capabilities to the Aquila RPV system, as well as future RPV mission concepts being considered by the U.S. Army are presented.

Gossett, T. D.↗
NASA NTRS1980

SEASAT-SAR data analysis in the US: An update

A graph is shown which compares SEASAT synthetic aperture radar (SAR) wave length measurements and Krasman's shallow water dispersion relationship for a swell system of deep water length 210 m and period 11.7 sec. The data were taken during the Duck experiment. The status of the production of optically correlated SAR data is given along with a tabulation of both digitally and optically processed SAR image data available to the user community as of Aug. 1979. Results from several SAR workshops are mentioned.

Dunne, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Remote sensing in the coastal and marine environment. Proceedings of the US North Atlantic Regional Workshop

Presentations were grouped in the following categories: (1) a technical orientation of Earth resources remote sensing including data sources and processing; (2) a review of the present status of remote sensing technology applicable to the coastal and marine environment; (3) a description of data and information needs of selected coastal and marine activities; and (4) an outline of plans for marine monitoring systems for the east coast and a concept for an east coast remote sensing facility. Also discussed were user needs and remote sensing potentials in the areas of coastal processes and management, commercial and recreational fisheries, and marine physical processes.

Zaitzeff, J. B.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Use of MAGSAT anomaly data for crustal structure and mineral resources in the US midcontinent

Magnetic fields were measured from October 1979 until June 1980 using the satellite. The processed magnetic data yield long wavelength anomalies that arise from crustal and upper mantle sources. Analysis techniques are being developed to help interpret the structure and character of the lithosphere in central North America. The region includes the Midcontinent Gravity Anomaly peleorift zone and the New Madrid rift/seismic zone, both of which are of plaeotectonic and neotectonic interest. Preliminary analysis of the initial MAGSAT data combined with correlative geological and geophysical data shows the utility of the satellite data for regional crustal and basement study.

Carmichael, R. S.↗