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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 397 records · Page 22
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

Rapid Temperature Swing Adsorption using Polymeric/Supported Amine Hollow Fibers

This project is a bench-scale, post-combustion capture project carried out at Georgia Tech (GT) with support and collaboration with GE, Algenol Biofuels, Southern Company and subcontract to Trimeric Corporation. The focus of the project is to develop a process based on composite amine-functionalized oxide / polymer hollow fibers for use as contactors in a rapid temperature swing adsorption post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process. The hollow fiber morphology allows coupling of efficient heat transfer with effective gas contacting, potentially giving lower parasitic loads on the power plant compared to traditional contacting strategies using solid sorbents.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2018

Quarternary amine-based sodalite sorbent for selective removal of Tc-99 and I-129

Technetium-99 and Iodine-129 are risk-driven contaminants of high priority to DOE-EM office. Both radionuclides are prevalent at DOE nuclear waste sites. Because these radionuclides greatly affect the catalytic redox extraction process of uranium and plutonium in the fuel cycle, their removal from spent nuclear solution is highly desirable for efficient recovery of uranium and plutonium, and mitigation of potential releases of these radionuclides to the environment. The goals of this project were to develop advance sorbents for simultaneous capture of Tc-99 and I-129 from contaminated groundwater and nuclear waste streams. This research examined modification of porous commercial and synthesized aluminosilicate minerals (zeolite) for enhanced retention of radionuclides. Herein we report the development of a sorbent that: (1) binds pertechnetate ($TcO_4^-$) with a sorption efficiency (Kd) greater than any other sorbent materials previously reported in literature, (2) exhibits fast sorption kinetics and (3) uptakes $TcO_4^-$ under acidic and oxidizing conditions where Tc-99 retention is problematic. Thus, the use of quaternary-amine modified mesoporous zeolite as an amendment and/or permeable reactive barrier would be a robust strategy for Tc-99 remediation. Moreover, further modification of the evaluated zeolite materials with silver is envisioned to promote effective retention of both Tc-99 and I-129 and this study was slated for fiscal year 2019.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Evaluation of amine-incorporated porous polymer networks (aPPNs) as sorbents for post­combustion CO 2 capture

This is the final report for the TAMU project “Evaluation of amine-incorporated porous polymer networks (aPPNs) as sorbents for post­combustion CO 2 capture.” During this project, a team consisting of the Zhou group at Texas A&M University and framergy Inc. were tasked with developing a porous polymer network (PPN) based sorbent system for CO 2 capture applications. The three year project was divided up into 3 individual budget periods. During budget period 1 the team develop multiple novel PPN based sorbents and began initial CO 2 capture experiments. During the course of this research the team determined that two sorbents were the standout targets, PPN-150-DETA and PPN-151-DETA. During budget period 2 the team further developed these two materials, gathering data to determine their performance under both wet and dry conditions, determine their CO 2 adsorption capacities, heats of adsorption, regenerative energy demands, and mechanical attrition. In addition, budget period 2 saw the development of 50 g and 250 g batches of both sorbents, while still maintaining >0.10 g/g uptake capacity under wet gas conditions. Following budget period 2 testing, the team opted to continue on with PPN-151-DETA due to its superior CO 2 cycling capabilities, with a consistent uptake capacity observed over 30 cycles at the lab scale. During budget period 3 the team further developed the material at scale, producing a 1 kg batch of material. Following this, the team performed multiple long-term cycling tests in the presence and absence of SO 2 using a 100 mL column. During this testing the team observed that the material loses significant uptake capacity due to SO 2 , as well as shows some level of DETA loss, which resulted in instrument breakdown and a request for a no-cost extension. The team was able to finalize the experiment with a test using a 1.5 L column in the absence of SO 2 , with the final cycle uptakes being around 0.035 g/g due to the need to harshly activate the material to prevent DETA desorption.

20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Modifying Amine Solvent Properties to Increase CO2 Mass Transfer

There has been significant effort toward enhancing the mass transfer of CO2 in the absorber by developing high efficiency packing, intensifying gas/liquid mixing and modifying solvent properties to improve the effectiveness of the gas-liquid contact surface. One key yet overlooked component of solvent development is how the physical properties of solvent and impact CO2 mass transfer and wettability of packing surfaces. Developing a better understanding of certain physical properties including viscosity, surface tensions and contact angle and how these can be manipulated to increase CO2 mass transfer will be important to further optimize the performance of aqueous amine solvents. Additionally, understanding the changes as a result of the additive can also be used to increase CO2 adsorption rate and mass transfer.

CO2 capture↗
DOE OSTI2024

Advanced Sensors for In-Situ Amine Degradation Monitoring in Post-Combustion Carbon Capture

In order to improve the long-term performance of post-combustion carbon capture technologies, improvements to the detection of solvent degradation or reduction in CO2 capture efficiency are necessary. A pair of sensors were deployed to the National Carbon Capture Center’s (NCCC) to monitor CO2 capture and solvent degradation. The CO2 sensors were located to measure before capture and after capture concentrations of CO2 to measure the capture efficiency of the solvent system. Amine degradation sensors were located at four locations along the main solvent lines corresponding to CO2 loading and temperature: hot rich, cold rich, hot lean, and cold lean. Experimental results from laboratory tests using the sensors are shown, along with prototype designs that were deployed to the field site.

Brister, Matthew↗
DOE OSTI2020

Amine-Containing Membranes with Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for CO2/H2 Separation

Amine-containing mixed-matrix membranes incorporated with amino-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (AF-MWNTs) were synthesized for CO2/H2 separation based on the facilitated transport mechanism. AF-MWNTs were chosen primarily as the mechanical reinforcing filler to enhance the membrane stability. At 107 °C and 0.2-MPa feed pressure, the membrane incorporated with 10 wt.% AF-MWNTs showed a CO2 permeability of 3196 Barrers and a CO2/H2 selectivity of 205. At the higher feed pressure of 1.5 MPa, owing to the carrier saturation phenomenon, the same membrane exhibited reduced transport performance with a CO2 permeability of 776 Barrers and a CO2/H2 selectivity of 31. These separation performances at both the low and high feed pressures were well above the theoretical upper bound. Furthermore, the incorporation of 10 wt.% AF-MWNTs led to a significant improvement on membrane stability. The transport performance and selective layer thickness of this membrane maintained for 100 h, which suggested that the incorporation of AF-MWNTs improved the resistance to membrane compaction upon a high feed pressure. Therefore, this work is considered as one of the crucial steps to enable the application of facilitated transport membranes to high-pressure gas processing such as syngas purification.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1969

Gas-phase acidities of amines.

Relative gas phase acidities of simple aliphatic amines and ammonia noting increase in large alkyl groups substitution

Blair, L. K.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Investigations to improve carbon dioxide control with amine and molecular sieve type sorbers

The optimization trends and operating parameters of an integral molecular sieve bed heat exchanger were investigated. The optimum combination of substrate and coating for the HS-B porous polymer was determined based on the CO2 dynamic capacity in the presence of water vapor. Full size HS-B canister performance was evaluated. An Amine CO2 Concentrator utilizing IR-45 sorber material and available Manned Orbiting Laboratory hardware was designed, fabricated and tested for use as an experiment in the NASA 90-day space simulator test of 1970. It supported four men in the simulator for 71 days out of the 90-day test duration.

Bertrand, J. F.↗
NASA NTRS1971

Gas-phase basicities of amines.

Relative gas-phase basicities of some aliphatic amines have been determined by ion cyclotron resonance spectroscopy. It is found that increasing alkyl substitution increases basicity if similar substituents are compared, that increases in alkyl group size also increase basicity, and that increasing degree of substitution lowers the N-H bond dissociation energy in ammonium ions. Possible origins of these defects are discussed.

Brauman, J. I.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Solid amine development program

A regenerable solid amine material to perform the functions of humidity control and CO2 removal for space shuttle type vehicle is reported. Both small scale and large scale testing have shown this material to be competitive, especially for the longer shuttle missions. However, it had been observed that the material off-gasses ammonia under certain conditions. This presents two concerns. The first, that the ammonia would contaminate the cabin atmosphere, and second, that the material is degrading with time. An extensive test program has shown HS-C to produce only trace quantities of atmospheric contaminants, and under normal extremes, to have no practical life limitation.

Lovell, J. S.↗