A study of electrodynamics involving moving media
Electrodynamics of moving media - Maxwells and wave equations, propagation in waveguides, and electric and magnetic line sources located over semiinfinite moving half-space
ELECTRODYNAMICS↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Variability of sound propagation prediction due to atmospheric variability Final report
Effect of varying meteorological parameters on sound intensity estimates from intense noise source located on ground at varying distances
SOUND INTENSITY↗
Neutron stars. II - Neutrino-cooling and observability.
Neutrino producing cooling reaction rates indicate that discrete X-ray sources located in direction of galactic center are not neutron stars
NEUTRINO↗
Propagation of electromagnetic waves into anisotropic media from an external point-dipole source.
Fields generated by infinitesimal, arbitrarily oriented, electric-dipole source located in isotropic medium bounded by parallel plane- stratified, anisotropic media
STRATIFIED LAYER↗
X-ray film holder permits single continuous picture of tubing joint
X ray technique produces a clear continuous picture of a welded brazed tubing joint on a single film with one exposure. A stationary X ray source located in the plane of the joint to be inspected, a means of rotating the tube, and a unique internal film holder and positioning fixture are used.
Diamond, J. W.↗
Observations of galactic X-ray sources.
Galactic X ray sources survey at low galactic altitudes from rocket-borne instruments data, obtaining sources location on celestial sphere
Acton, L. W.↗
A soft X-ray imaging system for satellite experiments.
Imaging system for satellite experiments to locate sources of soft X ray emission
Ballas, J.↗
The MIT OSO-7 X-ray experiment. A five color survey of the positions and time variations of cosmic X-ray sources
The all-sky, X-ray measurements are made in five broad energy bands from 0.5 to 60 keV with X-ray collimators of one and three degree FWHM response. Working with the onboard star sensor source locations may be determined to a precision of plus or minus 0.1 deg. The experiment is located in wheel compartment number three of the spacecraft. A time division logic system divides each wheel rotation into 256 data bins in each of which X-ray counts are accumulated over a 190 second interval. Measurement chain circuits include provision for both geometric and risetime anticoincidence. A detailed description of the instrument is included as is pertinent operating information.
Taylor, R. S.↗
Effects of high combustion chamber pressure on rocket noise environment
The acoustical environment for a high combustion chamber pressure engine was examined in detail, using both conventional and advanced theoretical analysis. The influence of elevated chamber pressure on the rocket noise environment was established, based on increase in exit velocity and flame temperature, and changes in basic engine dimensions. Compared to large rocket engines, the overall sound power level is found to be 1.5 dB higher, if the thrust is the same. The peak Strouhal number shifted about one octave lower to a value near 0.01. Data on apparent sound source location and directivity patterns are also presented.
Pao, S. P.↗
Instrumentation for the measurement of high energy phenomena on NASA spacecraft.
High energy astrophysical observations will be conducted primarily from the Small Astronomy Satellites (SAS) and the High Energy Astronomy Observatories (HEAO). The first satellite (SAS A) will carry a set of collimated proportional counters to conduct a high sensitivity, high spatial resolution, all sky survey for X-ray sources. The objective of SAS B will be to search for celestial gamma-ray sources and regions and to measure the flux and energy spectrum of any sources located. A wire grid digitized spark chamber will be the prime detection instrument. The instrumentation of SAS C will consist of modulation collimators, slot collimators, and proportional counters.
Opp, A. G.↗
Saturn systems holddown acoustic efficiency and normalized acoustic power spectrum.
Saturn systems field acoustic data are used to derive mid- and far-field prediction parameters for rocket engine noise. The data were obtained during Saturn vehicle launches at the Kennedy Space Center. The data base is a sorted set of acoustic data measured during the period 1961 through 1971 for Saturn system launches SA-1 through AS-509. The model assumes hemispherical radiation from a simple source located at the intersection of the longitudinal axis of each booster and the engine exit plane. The model parameters are evaluated only during vehicle holddown. The acoustic normalized power spectrum and efficiency for each system are isolated as a composite from the data using linear numerical methods. The specific definitions of each allows separation. The resulting power spectra are nondimensionalized as a function of rocket engine parameters. The nondimensional Saturn system acoustic spectrum and efficiencies are compared as a function of Strouhal number with power spectra from other systems.
Gilbert, D. W.↗
The influence of a crossflow on jet noise
The acoustic field generated by a circular jet in the presence of a low speed crossflow is calculated. The solution is obtained for a quadrupole source located in a uniformly moving acoustic medium. Ribner's work on straight jets is used to model the flow in the turbulent crossflow jet. The movement of the acoustic medium results in the acoustic intensity being greater upstream of the jet flow than at an equal distance downstream. A summary is also presented of the analysis for the acoustic intensity of a crossflow jet which is in motion through a stationary acoustic medium. The analysis is applicable to the noise generated by the lift jet of a V/STOL aircraft under take-off or landing conditions. The results of these two configurations provide a comparision of the directional distribution of acoustic intensity measured in a wind tunnel test of a crossflow jet and in a corresponding flight test.
Cole, J. E., III↗
Auroral helium precipitation.
Several measurements of the flux and charge state of auroral helium precipitation have been made and reported between 1967 and 1972. The primary purpose of these experiments has been to deduce the source location of auroral ions by comparison of auroral helium populations with those measured in the ionosphere and the solar wind. Accordingly, results of these experiments are reviewed and summarized, along with measurements of solar wind and ionospheric helium abundances. It is concluded that the available data suggest a solar wind origin of auroral ions and, in addition, place certain constraints on the acceleration mechanism. The problem of modification of the incident charge state of a helium beam by atmospheric charge exchange is discussed.
Reasoner, D. L.↗
A study of the solar wind angular momentum including proton thermal anisotropy
The solution to the steady state magnetohydrodynamic equations governing the supersonic expansion of the solar corona into interplanetary space is obtained for various assumptions regarding the form in which proton thermal energy is carried away from the sun. The one-fluid, inviscid, formulation of the MHD equations is considered assuming that thermal energy is carried away by conduction from a heat source located at the base of the corona. Angular motion of the solar wind led to the existence of three critical points through which the numerical solutions must pass to extend from the sun's surface to large heliocentric distances. The results show that the amount of magnetic field energy converted into kinetic energy in the solar wind is only a small fraction of the total expansion energy flux and has little effect upon the final radial expansion velocity.
Acuna, M. H.↗
Topics in structural dynamics: Nonlinear unsteady transonic flows and Monte Carlo methods in acoustics
The results are reported of two unrelated studies. The first was an investigation of the formulation of the equations for non-uniform unsteady flows, by perturbation of an irrotational flow to obtain the linear Green's equation. The resulting integral equation was found to contain a kernel which could be expressed as the solution of the adjoint flow equation, a linear equation for small perturbations, but with non-constant coefficients determined by the steady flow conditions. It is believed that the non-uniform flow effects may prove important in transonic flutter, and that in such cases, the use of doublet type solutions of the wave equation would then prove to be erroneous. The second task covered an initial investigation into the use of the Monte Carlo method for solution of acoustical field problems. Computed results are given for a rectangular room problem, and for a problem involving a circular duct with a source located at the closed end.
Haviland, J. K.↗
The use of correlation receiving systems for detection of noise sources at short distances
The use of a directional receiving system to detect noise sources masked by isotropic noise field interference at distances comparable with the distance between the two receivers, was discussed. Wide band noise was also examined. Results indicate the following limitations must be considered when using the method: (1) the system is directional only in the plane of the base, (2) directional power of the system is impaired with a decrease in the bandwidth of the noise source spectrum, (3) the system does not permit unambiguous determination of the direction to noise sources, located on both sides of the base line, and (4) the system has a comparatively low output signal-to-noise ratio.
Tarabarin, V. V.↗
Payload/orbiter contamination control requirement study
A study was conducted to determine and quantify the expected particulate and molecular on-orbit contaminant environment for selected space shuttle payloads as a result of major shuttle orbiter contamination sources. Individual payload susceptibilities to contamination are reviewed. The risk of payload degradation is identified and preliminary recommendations are provided concerning the limiting factors which may depend on operational activities associated with the payload/orbiter interface or upon independent payload functional activities. A basic computer model of the space shuttle orbiter which includes a representative payload configuration is developed. The major orbiter contamination sources, locations, and flux characteristics based upon available data have been defined and modeled.
Bareiss, L. E.↗
Propagation of sound through a real jet flowfield
The sound propagation of harmonic disturbances through a real jet flowfield, which contains mean flow gradients in pressure and velocities, has been studied. A finite-difference approximation for the equations which govern the acoustic disturbance is obtained for a subsonic axisymmetric jet in terms of acoustic pressure and acoustic energy flux. Experimental results are used to describe the mean flowfield of a model jet. The equations are solved numerically using a Newton-type iterative scheme. The directivity at various distances from a point source located at two jet diameters downstream of the jet exit on its center line compared qualitatively well with the numerical result of Schubert (1972) and with the experimental result of Grande (1966).
Liu, C. H.↗