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At least 379 records · Page 21
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Differences in urban plant community compositions across an urban-rural gradient in Knoxville, TN

Urban forests, or vegetation in areas under heavy human influence, provide many ecosystem services to urban residents such as localized cooling via evapotranspiration, shade, filtering of air pollution, and the associated health benefits of natural spaces. In order to quantify the magnitude of localized cooling by trees growing in varying levels of urbanization (based on % impervious surfaces, e.g., buildings, pavement), urban forest species composition, tree size, and tree density must be characterized. As a part of Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s (ORNL) urban forest temperature study, we conducted tree censuses in five Knoxville city parks where ORNL meteorological stations are deployed. Moreover, we measured every woody plant ≥ 5 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) within a 50 m radius of each site’s meteorological station for its DBH and species identification. When possible, individuals were identified down to species. Certain genera (Quercus spp., Carya spp., Pinus spp.) were identified down to genera in interest of time. Individual and total site basal area were calculated from measured DBH data. Results show notable differences in urban plant community compositions and total woody plant basal area across sites, with more urban sites closer to downtown (West View and SEEED) having lower tree basal area than the more suburban sites (West Hills, Cumberland Estates, and Victor Ashe). We identified 54 species across all sites, with West Hills and Victor Ashe having the highest species diversity. Our results show differences in forest compositions and sizes across Knoxville, which are currently informing ORNL’s evapotranspiration estimates for each site. Data Summary: Census data for West Hills (WH), Cumberland Estates (CE), Victor Ashe (VA), West View (WV), and Socially Equal Energy Efficient Development or SEEED (SD) urban forests in Knoxville, TN, USA, including tree size based on diameter at breast height (DBH; 1.3 m), species identification (Latin and common names), and basal area per stem (BA=π×[.5*DBH]^2). Field data are summarized in this file: “Community_Composition_Data.CSV”. Site-specific data detailing each site’s coordinates, number of stems measured at DBH, average tree DBH, α-diversity (number of species present), and total site basal area (sum of individual basal areas per site) are in this file: “Site_Comparisons.CSV”.

Warren, Jeffrey [ORNL] (ORCID:0000000206804697)↗
NASA NTRS1994

Basalt generation at the Apollo 12 site. Part 1: New data, classification, and re-evaluation

New data are reported from five previously unanalyzed Apollo 12 mare basalts that are incorporated into an evaluation of previous petrogenetic models and classification schemes for these basalts. This paper proposes a classification for Apollo 12 mare basalts on the basis of whole-rock Mg# (molar 100*(Mg/(Mg+Fe))) and Rb/Sr ratio (analyzed by isotope dilution), whereby the ilmenite, olivine, and pigeonite basalt groups are readily distinguished from each other. Scrutiny of the Apollo 12 feldspathic 'suite' demonstrates that two of the three basalts previously assigned to this group (12031, 12038, 12072) can be reclassified: 12031 is a plagioclase-rich pigeonite basalt; and 12072 is an olivine basalt. Only basalt 12038 stands out as a unique sample to the Apollo 12 site, but whether this represents a single sample from another flow at the Apollo 12 site or is exotic to this site is equivocal. The question of whether the olivine and pigeonite basalt suites are co-magmatic is addressed by incompatible trace-element chemistry: the trends defined by these two suites when Co/Sm and Sm/Eu ratios are plotted against Rb/Sr ratio demonstrate that these two basaltic types cannot be co-magmatic. Crystal fractionation/accumulation paths have been calculated and show that neither the pigeonite, olivine, or ilmenite basalts are related by this process. Each suite requires a distinct and separate source region. This study also examines sample heterogeneity and the degree to which whole-rock analyses are representative, which is critical when petrogenetic interpretation is undertaken. Sample heterogeneity has been investigated petrographically (inhomogeneous mineral distribution) with consideration of duplicate analyses, and whether a specific sample (using average data) plots consistently upon a fractionation trend when a number of different compostional parameters are considered. Using these criteria, four basalts have been identified where reported analyses are not representative of the whole-rock composition: 12005, an ilmenite basalt; 12006 and 12036, olivine basalts; and 12031 previously classified as a feldspathic basalt, but reclassified as part of the pigeonite suite.

Neal, Clive R.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Summary of Savannah River Site FY22 Salt Waste Qualification Data

The Savannah River National Laboratory analyzed samples from Savannah River Site Waste Tank 41H, 21H and 42H to support qualification of Salt Waste Processing Facility (SWPF) Waste Batches 5, 6, and 7 for processing (the FY22 Salt Batch Qualification samples). None of the samples displayed any unusual or unexpected characteristics such as large amounts of solids, floating solids, or unusual color. Characterization of these samples confirmed similar chemical composition and characteristics to previous salt waste batches. These results were initially provided to Savannah River Mission Completion (Liquid Waste Operations subcontractor) as External Sample Results LIMS Reports and the Tank 41H (Salt Batch 5 sample) was also summarized in two separate technical reports. The analytical results (both rapid and long term) are now summarized and discussed in this technical report.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
NASA NTRS1977

Evaluation of Ocean Color Scanner (OCS) photographic and digital data: Santa Barbara Channel test site, 29 October 1975 overflight

A summary of Ocean Color Scanner data was examined to evaluate detection and discrimination capabilities of the system for marine resources, oil pollution and man-made sea surface targets of opportunity in the Santa Barbara Channel. Assessment of the utility of OCS for the determination of sediment transport patterns along the coastal zone was a secondary goal. Data products provided 1975 overflight were in digital and analog formats. In evaluating the OCS data, automated and manual procedures were employed. A total of four channels of data in digital format were analyzed, as well as three channels of color combined imagery, and four channels of black and white imagery. In addition, 1:120,000 scale color infrared imagery acquired simultaneously with the OCS data were provided for comparative analysis purposes.

Kraus, S. P.↗
NASA NTRS1974

C-band station coordinate determination for the GEOS-C altimeter calibration area

Dynamical orbital techniques were employed to estimate the center-of-mass station coordinates of six C-band radars located in the designated primary GEOS-C radar altimeter calibration area. This work was performed in support of the planned GEOS-C mission (December, 1974 launch). The sites included Bermuda, Grand Turk, Antigua, Wallops Island (Virginia), and Merritt Island (Florida). Two sites were estimated independently at Wallops Island yielding better than 40 cm relative height recovery, with better than 10 cm and 1 m (relative) recovery for phi and gamma respectively. Error analysis and comparisons with other investigators indicate that better than 2 m relative recovery was achieved at all sites. The data used were exclusively that from the estimated sites and included 18 orbital arcs which were less than two orbital revolutions in length, having successive tracks over the area. The techniques employed here, given their independence of global tracking support, can be effectively employed to improve various geodetic datums by providing very long and accurate baselines. The C-band data taken on GEOS-C should be employed to improve such geodetic datums as the European-1950 using similar techniques.

Krabill, W. B.↗
NASA NTRS2000

BOREAS TF-11 SSA-Fen Leaf Gas Exchange Data

The BOREAS TF-11 team gathered a variety of data to complement its tower flux measurements collected at the SSA-Fen site. This data set contains single-leaf gas exchange data from the SSA-Fen site during 1994 and 1995. These leaf gas exchange properties were measured for the dominant vascular plants using portable gas exchange systems. The data are stored in tabular ASCII files.

Arkebauer, Timothy J.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Plant physiology, shrub size, thaw depth and soil water content, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 2023

Stomatal response to changing irradiance measurements (m curves), CO2 response (ACi) and light response (AQ) curves on common tussock tundra shrub, graminoid and forb species. Data were collected in July 2023 from three sites on the Seward Peninsula, Kougarok Mile 64, Teller Mile 27 and Council. Measurements were made with LI-COR LI-6800 gas exchange systems on 18 species. For samples from Teller and Kougarok, thaw depth, soil moisture content and dGPS locations are also provided for most samples. Canopy height and canopy diameter are provided for shrubs measured at the Teller site. The data package files include data files, metadata files and the complete instrument output for all gas exchange measurements in .csv format, and a pdf describing the experimental protocols. See the related data package NGA508 for foliar trait data (leaf mass per area, leaf nitrogen concentration).The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a 15-year research effort (2012-2027) to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research.The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska.Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Specifications and a Prototype Software to Demonstrate a Data Catalog for Hanford Datasets

Environmental management activities at the Hanford Site produce extensive data about site conditions, contaminants, and cleanup activities. Managing, archiving, and accessing that data requires a high degree of collaboration among site contractors and a high level of awareness by project managers and staff. The Hanford Site has a range of databases (e.g., Hanford Environmental Information System [HEIS]) and their associated user interfaces (e.g., Environmental Dashboard Application [EDA], Virtual Library [VL]), as well as other document management systems (e.g., Integrated Document Management System [IDMS]). However, Hanford lacks a single unified resource to find data (which itself comes in multiple formats) amongst the multiple disparate systems, not to mention ad hoc data not contained in an official repository/database.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS2000

BOREAS TF-11 SSA-Fen Soil Surface CO2 Flux Data

The BOREAS TF-11 team gathered a variety of data to complement its tower flux measurements collected at the SSA-Fen site. These data are soil surface CO 2 flux data at the SSA-Fen site from 27- May-1994 to 23-Sep-1994 and from 13-May-1995 to 03-Oct-1995. A portable gas exchange system was used to make these measurements. The data are stored in tabular ASCII files.

Arkebauer, Timothy J.↗
DOE OSTI2021

Waterlevel, geochemical, and borehole data from Rifle, Colorado from 2006-2016

The files included in this data package provide site wide water level data, geochemical data, and borehole information associated with the Rifle site in Colorado during the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL) led Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) and Scientific Focus Area (SFA) research projects. The data informs hydrogeochemical interactions occurring in the watershed. The readme file contains detailed metadata for the files, including naming conventions, column headers, and data validation.The borehole information is provided in the file called rifle_boreholes.csv. It provides names and location for boreholes/wells at the Rifle. The waterlevel data is provided in the folder rifle_waterlevels. The geochemical data is provided in two folders: the rifle_floodplain_geochemistry folder has data which was collected from wells across the floodplain and a variety of offsite locations that contribute solutes to the floodplain given their upgradient locations. The rifle_plotC_geochemistry folder has data which was collected primarily in plot C, which was a focused study area in which a large number of groundwater manipulation / biostimulation experiments were conducted. While not all geochemical constituents are included for each well location and sampling date, they include anions, cations, trace metals, dissolved organic and inorganic carbon, stable isotopes of water and sulfur (as sulfate), and water quality parameters including pH, groundwater electrical conductivity (EC) and dissolved oxygen (DO). All files are in csv or txt format.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Mycorrhiza better predict soil fungal community composition and function than aboveground traits in temperate forest ecosystems

We sampled soil in the organic and mineral horizons beneath two AM-associated (Fraxinus americana, Thuja occidentalis) and two ECM-associated tree species (Betula alleghaniensis, and Tsuga canadensis), with an evergreen and deciduous species in each mycorrhizal group. To characterize fungal communities and organic matter decomposition beneath each tree species, we sequenced the ITS1 region of fungal DNA and measured the potential activity of carbon and nitrogen-targeting extracellular enzymes. Each tree species harbored distinct fungal communities, supporting the need to consider both mycorrhizal type and leaf habit. However, between tree characteristics, mycorrhizal type better predicted fungal communities. Across fungal guilds, saprotrophic fungi were the most important group in shaping fungal community differences in soils beneath all tree species. The effect of leaf habit on carbon and nitrogen-targeting hydrolytic enzymes depended on tree mycorrhizal association in the organic horizon, while oxidative enzyme activities were higher beneath EcM-associated trees across both soil horizons and leaf habits. These data include extracellular hydrolytic and oxidative enzyme activities, ITS sequencing fungal community data, soil carbon to nitrogen, and soil pH. Site level data include climate (mean annual temperature, precipitation), elevation, and soil series and order information.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1976

Investigation of a new stony meteorite from Mauritania with some additional data on its find site - Aouelloul crater

The Zerga meteorite, a small stony meteorite found at Aouelloul crater, is a fragment of a larger mass with a pre-atmospheric radius between 20 and 125 cm. The meteorite is a typical amphoterite, with monomict brecchia which has undergone at least one recrystallization episode. The terrestrial age of the meteorite is roughly an order of magnitude smaller than the K-Ar gas-retention age (about 3.1 million years) of the glassy impactite found at the crater, which is close to the age of the nearby Tenoumer crater (about 2.5 million years). The similar ages of the two craters, together with their alignment with the Temimichat Ghallaman crater, suggest a simultaneous triple impact following the disruption of a large meteorite moving on a very shallow earth trajectory. The unusually shallow original depths inferred for two of the craters may be explained by low impact angles.

Fudali, R. F.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Comparison of stack plume properties obtained from aircraft and spacecraft measurements

Landsat II imagery data and aircraft nephelometer measurements were analyzed to determine the quantitative properties of a stack plume emitted from a moderate-sized pulpmill. Aircraft measurements were obtained at several heights across the plume at 1.0, 3.0, and 6.5 km downwind from the stack, and for comparative purposes, the Landsat data were also analyzed at these same three locations and at 0.5 and 10.0 km. Overlapping, consecutive-day MSS data provided plume/no-plume radiances upwelling from the stack site. Imagery data from a 10- by 10 km region in the vicinity of the mill were normalized to correct for atmospheric, solar, and viewing angle differences for the 2 observation days, and cloud-shadow data were used to evaluate sky radiance. Particle concentrations, vertical and lateral dispersions, and plume heights determined from both the aircraft and spacecraft measurement techniques are in good agreement.

Staylor, W. F.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Active microwave investigation of snowpacks: Experimental documentation, Colorado 1979-1980

During the winter of 1979-1980, the University of Kansas Microwave Active Spectrometer systems measured the backscattering properties of snowpacks under varying conditions at four test sites in Colorado. In addition to the radar data over 1-35 GHz, ground-truth measurements of the atmospheric, snow, and soil characteristics were obtained for each radar data set. The test sites, data acquisition procedures, and data that were acquired in this experiment are presented and described.

Stiles, W. H.↗