Buoyancy effects on liquid nitrogen film boiling in vertical flow
Buoyancy effects on liquid nitrogen film boiling in vertical flow, using resistance heated test apparatus
Papell, S.↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Evaluation of advanced superalloy protection systems Final report
Evaluation of protective coatings for heat resistant alloys
Elam, R. C.↗
A status review of Lewis Research Center supported protection system development
Protective coatings for heat resistant materials for aircraft gas turbine engines, and refractory metals for reentry vehicles
Grisaffe, S. J.↗
Diode and protection fuse unit Patent
Single electrical circuit component combining diode, fuse, and blown indicator with elongated tube of heat resistant transparent material
Jenkins, K. H.↗
High temperature fastener technology
Structural fasteners of heat resistant alloys for high temperature applications
Boensch, F. D.↗
Creep-rupture tests of internally pressurized Haynes alloy no. 25 tubes
Stress analysis of cobalt heat resistant alloy tubes internally pressurized with helium after creep testing to failure
Gumto, K. H.↗
Relative Frequency Distribution of D Sub 125 C Values for Spore Isolates from the Mariner Mars 1969 Spacecraft
Bacterial spore distribution and dry heat resistance on Mariner-Mars 1969 spacecraft, using randomly selected aerobic mesophilic isolates
Bond, W. W.↗
Chemical modification of poly(p-phenylene) for use in ablative compositions
Development of ablative materials based on modification of polyphenylene compounds is discussed. Chemical and physical properties are analyzed for application as heat resistant materials. Synthesis of linear polyphenylenes is described. Effects of exposure to oxyacetylene flame and composition of resultant char layer are presented.
Parker, J. A.↗
Services provided in support of the planetary quarantine requirements of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
The efficiency of a biodetection grinder, used to recover buried contamination, was tested using spacecraft components and laminated polystyrene strips containing Bacillus subtilis var. niger spores. The surfaces were decontaminated before tests. Results are given in tabular form. Tables are also given for heat resistance of bacteria spores, prevalence of bacteria in spacecraft before launch, and the types of bacteria found in Apollo 15 spacecraft components and command modules.
Favero, M. S.↗
Evaluation of advanced component concepts for an integrated environmental control/life support, resistojet control system
Flow restricting devices were studied for their suitability as liquid water propellant flow limiters for the biowaste resistojet. Flow limiting during the start-up transient is required to prevent thrustor instabilities and icing which could result in heater failure in the electrical resistance heated thrustor (resistojet). The study was directed toward simple devices which would function passively (i.e., without power except from the propellant flow itself), and would offer high reliability and simplicity. In addition to the flow limiting devices, a thermal pumping system was studied to determine whether CO2, desorbed from molecular sieves could be pumped thermally in a space station application. The thermal pump is considered a possible replacement for mechanical pumps. It involves a cyclic, constant volume cryopumping system which employs space radiators to achieve the cryotemperatures. The frozen CO2 would be vaporized periodically, using a waste heat loop, to attain sufficient pressure to transfer a large portion of the trapped CO2 to storage tanks.
Halbach, C. R.↗
Services provided in support of the planetary quarantine requirements
Tests were conducted to determine the dry heat resistance at 125 C of a naturally occurring bacterial spore population in a mixture of sieved vacuum cleaner dusts from Cape Kennedy. The dust was aerosolized in a special chamber and was allowed to settle on 32 Teflon ribbons to provide approximately 500,000 spores per ribbon.
Favero, M. S.↗
Technology development of a biowaste resistojet, volume 1
The materials research effort conducted in support of a NASA-sponsored biowaste resistojet development program is summarized. The resistojet concept under development is the concentric tube design wherein the final pass of the gases through the thruster is through the resistance heated center tube. To produce high specific impulses, this center tube must operate at very high temperatures and it is this element that is most critical in the design. Because of the corrosive nature of the biowaste gases at high temperature, and because of the limited data available for many potential materials, the subject materials study was conducted.
Phillips, D. G.↗
Oxidation screening at 1204 C /2200 F/ of candidate alloys for the space shuttle thermal protection system.
Evaluation of the oxidation resistance of 15 alloys under some of the environmental conditions that might be encountered by the shuttle thermal protection system. The alloys included nickel-, iron-, and cobalt-base wrought alloys. Specimens were self-resistively heated to 1204 C (2200 F) in a 10-torr still-air environment for 100 thirty-minute cycles. Specimen weight, thickness, and microstructural changes were noted, and surface scales were identified by room-temperature X-ray diffraction. Based on these observations, the behavior of the alloys was evaluated in terms of overall amount of metal consumption due to oxide formation and relative tendency toward oxide spalling and scale vaporization.
Sanders, W. A.↗
Low-pressure oxidation of Cb-1Zr alloy.
Resistively heated strip specimens of Cb-1Zr alloy were exposed at 927 C in a vacuum chamber at various levels of total pressure in the 1-microtorr range and at various oxygen partial pressures in the .1-microtorr range. Oxygen reaction rates (sticking probabilities) were found to depend on whether or not the specimens were annealed immediately before the test exposure. It is shown that a normally undetectable oxide film exists on the Cb-1Zr surface as a result of oxidation by ambient air, and this film reduces the sticking probability as compared with a clean metal surface. The alloy is considerably strengthened by addition of oxygen to a level of about 6000 ppm, while still maintaining reasonably good room temperature ductility.
Lyon, T. F.↗
NASA research on refractory compounds.
The behavior and properties of the refractory carbides, nitrides, and borides are being investigated by NASA as part of its research aimed at developing superior heat resistant materials for aerospace applications. Studies of the zirconium-carbon-oxygen system show that zirconium oxycarbides of different compositions and lattice parameters can be formed between 1500 C and 1900 C and are stable below 1500 C. More applied studies show that hot working generally improves the microstructure and therefore the strength of TiC and NbC. Sintering studies on UN indicate that very high densities can be achieved. Hot pressing of cermets of HfN and HfC produces good mechanical properties for high temperature bearing applications. Attempts to improve the impact resistance of boride composites by the addition of a nickel or carbon yarn were not overly successful.
Gangler, J. J.↗
NASA research on refractory compounds.
The behavior and properties of the refractory carbides, nitrides, and borides are being investigated by NASA as part of its research aimed at developing superior heat resistant materials for aerospace applications. Fundamental studies on the electronic and defect structures of the carbides indicate that there is promise for improving the strength and ductility of these materials. Studies of the zirconium-carbon-oxygen system show that zirconium oxycarbides of different compositions and lattice parameters can be formed between 1500 and 1900 C and are stable below 1500 C. More applied studies show that hot working generally improves the microstructure and therefore the strength of TiC and NbC. Sintering studies on UN indicate that very high densities can be achieved. Hot pressing of cermets of HfN and HfC produces good mechanical properties for high temperature bearing applications.
Gangler, J. J.↗
Lightweight inflatable material with low permeability
Material features combination of Mylar, for strength, and Saran, for impermeable qualities. Second lamination of Mylar prevents blocking, adds strength, and increases barrier rating. Different combinations of laminations produce variety of thicknesses and barrier ratings. Material can be metallized for increased barrier reliability and radar reflectivity, and can be treated with a heat-resistant coating.
White, E. C.↗
NASA technology utilization survey on composite materials
NASA and NASA-funded contractor contributions to the field of composite materials are surveyed. Existing and potential non-aerospace applications of the newer composite materials are emphasized. Economic factors for selection of a composite for a particular application are weight savings, performance (high strength, high elastic modulus, low coefficient of expansion, heat resistance, corrosion resistance,), longer service life, and reduced maintenance. Applications for composites in agriculture, chemical and petrochemical industries, construction, consumer goods, machinery, power generation and distribution, transportation, biomedicine, and safety are presented. With the continuing trend toward further cost reductions, composites warrant consideration in a wide range of non-aerospace applications. Composite materials discussed include filamentary reinforced materials, laminates, multiphase alloys, solid multiphase lubricants, and multiphase ceramics. New processes developed to aid in fabrication of composites are given.
Leeds, M. A.↗