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At least 379 records · Page 21
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1994

Rare gases systematics and mantle structure

The following points are emphasized: one of the most important ones is certainly the first set of experimental data on the solubility of noble gases in metal phases at intermediate pressures, since the core was certainly not formed at ultra high pressures, as emphasized by Ahrens and confirmed by trace elements systematics Wanke. The experimental data clearly show that the core can not be a major reservoir for terrestrial rare gases; the second point is a more elaborate reconsideration of the (40)K-(40)Ar budget of the Earth. This shows that (40)Ar contained in continental crust plus upper mantle plus atmosphere is at maximum half of the (40)Ar inventory of the whole earth. This implies the existence of a two layered mantle; the third point is the discovery by the Australian noble gases group of the existence of high (20)Ne/(22)Ne and low (21)Ne/(22)Ne isotopic ratios in Loihi seamount samples. This results which are different to the MORB ratios confirm the idea of a two layered model, but suggest the existence of a primordial solar type Ne reservoir. Several possibilities about the origin of this (20)Ne excess in the mantle will be discussed; The high (40)Ar/(36)Ar, (129)Xe/(130)Xe and (134) Xe/(130)Xe, (136)Xe/(130)Xe are confirmed by new data. The corresponding ratios for the lower mantle will be discussed. (40)Ar/(36)Ar ratios up to 6000 can be accepted and will not modify the general model of the mantle. They confirm the atmosphere chronology, about 85 percent of the atmosphere was formed in the first 50 My and 15 percent later on.

Allegre, C. J.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Rates of Earth degassing

The degassing of the Earth during accretion is constrained by Pu-U-I-Xe systematics. Degassing was much more efficient during the first 100-200 Ma than subsequently, and it was more complete for Xe than for the lighter gases. More than 90 percent of the degassed Xe escaped from the atmosphere during this period. The combination of fractional degassing of melts and rare gas escape from the atmosphere is able to explain the deficit of terrestrial Xe as a simple consequence of this early degassing history. By the time Xe was quantitatively retained in the atmosphere, the abundances of Kr and the lighter gases in the Earth's interior were similar to or higher than the present-day atmospheric abundances. Subsequent transfer of these lighter rare gases into the atmosphere requires a high rate of post-accretion degassing and melt production. Considerations of Pu-U-Xe systematics suggest that relatively rapid post-accretion degassing was continued to ca. 4.1-4.2 Ga. The present-day degassing history of the Earth is investigated through consideration of rare gas isotope abundances. Although the Earth is a highly degassed body, depleted in rare gases by many orders of magnitude relative to their solar abundances, it is at the present-day losing primordial rare gases which were trapped at the time of accretion.

Onions, R. K.↗
NASA NTRS2001

Low-Pressure Long-Term Xenon Storage for Electric Propulsion

This Phase 2 effort demonstrated an alternative Xe storage and regulation system using activated carbon (AC) as a secondary storage media (ACSFR). This regulator system is nonmechanical, simple, inexpensive, and lighter. The ACSFR system isolates the thruster from the compressed gas tank, and allows independent multiple setpoint thruster operation. The flow using an ACSFR can also be throttled by applying increments in electrical power. Primary storage of Xe by AC is not superior to compressed gas storage with regard to weight, but AC storage can provide volume reduction, lower pressures in space, and potentially in situ Xe purification. With partial fill designs, a primary AC storage vessel for Xe could also eliminate problems with two-phase storage and regulate pressure. AC could also be utilized in long-term large quantity storage of Xe serving as a compact capture site for boil-off. Several Xe delivery ACSFR protocols between 2 and 45 sccm, and 15 min to 7 hr, were tested with an average flow variance of 1.2 percent, average power requirements of 5 W, and repeatability s of about 0.4 percent. Power requirements are affected by ACSFR bed sizing and flow rate/ duration design points, and these flow variances can be reduced by optimizing PID controller parameters.

Back, Dwight D.↗
NASA NTRS2004

Calibration of the Galactic Cosmic Ray Flux

We report first Xe data on the cross-calibration of I-129-Xe-129(sub n) ages with conventional CRE ages, a method which is expected to provide information on the long-term constancy of the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) flux. We studied isotopic signatures of Xe released in stepwise heating, decomposition and melting of troilites in the Cape York iron meteorite to identify isotopic shifts in Xe-129 and Xe-131 due to neutron capture in Te-128 and Te-130. We also resolve components due to extinct 129I, spallation and fission Xe. There has recently been much speculation on the constancy of GCR over long time scales, as may be inferred from iron meteorites. If GCRs originate from supernova events, this provides the basis for postulating increased fluxes at locations with higher than average densities of supernovae, specifically in OB-associations. The solar system at present appears to be inside a local bubble between spiral arms and may experience an increased GCR flux.

Mathew, K. J.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsXeF7 by Materials Project

XeCsF7 crystallizes in the cubic P2_13 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Xe is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven F atoms. There are a spread of Xe–F bond distances ranging from 2.06–2.14 Å. Cs is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to fifteen F atoms. There are a spread of Cs–F bond distances ranging from 3.19–3.59 Å. There are three inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Xe and two equivalent Cs atoms. In the second F site, F is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Xe and two equivalent Cs atoms. In the third F site, F is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Xe and three equivalent Cs atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on AsSXeNF10 by Materials Project

XeNSF4AsF6 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbca space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight AsF6 clusters and eight XeNSF4 clusters. In each AsF6 cluster, As is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six F atoms. There is three shorter (1.77 Å) and three longer (1.78 Å) As–F bond length. There are six inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the fourth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the fifth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the sixth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In each XeNSF4 cluster, Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to one N and one F atom. The Xe–N bond length is 2.27 Å. The Xe–F bond length is 2.02 Å. N is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Xe and one S atom. The N–S bond length is 1.43 Å. S is bonded in a distorted tetrahedral geometry to one N and three F atoms. All S–F bond lengths are 1.54 Å. There are four inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the fourth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Te2Xe(OF5)2 by Materials Project

Xe(OTeF5)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four Xe(OTeF5)2 clusters. Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent O atoms. Both Xe–O bond lengths are 2.19 Å. Te is bonded in an octahedral geometry to one O and five F atoms. The Te–O bond length is 1.91 Å. There are a spread of Te–F bond distances ranging from 1.87–1.89 Å. O is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Xe and one Te atom. There are five inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Te atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Te atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Te atom. In the fourth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Te atom. In the fifth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Te atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on S2XeNO4F3 by Materials Project

XeNS2O4F3 is alpha-like structured and crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four XeNS2O4F3 clusters. Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to one N and one F atom. The Xe–N bond length is 2.28 Å. The Xe–F bond length is 2.07 Å. N is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to one Xe and two S atoms. Both N–S bond lengths are 1.65 Å. There are two inequivalent S sites. In the first S site, S is bonded to one N, two O, and one F atom to form corner-sharing SNO2F tetrahedra. Both S–O bond lengths are 1.42 Å. The S–F bond length is 1.60 Å. In the second S site, S is bonded to one N, two O, and one F atom to form corner-sharing SNO2F tetrahedra. Both S–O bond lengths are 1.43 Å. The S–F bond length is 1.59 Å. There are four inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the third O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. There are three inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SXeO3F2 by Materials Project

XeSO3F2 is Cubic alpha N2 structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbca space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight XeSO3F2 clusters. Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to one O and one F atom. The Xe–O bond length is 2.25 Å. The Xe–F bond length is 2.05 Å. S is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to three O and one F atom. There is two shorter (1.43 Å) and one longer (1.53 Å) S–O bond length. The S–F bond length is 1.61 Å. There are three inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Xe and one S atom. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the third O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. There are two inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on XeO3 by Materials Project

XeO3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic P2_12_12_1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four XeO3 clusters. Xe is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three O atoms. There are a spread of Xe–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–1.92 Å. There are three inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the third O site, O is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Xe atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on RuXeF11 by Materials Project

XeF5RuF6 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four 13693-08-8 molecules and four XeF5 clusters. In each XeF5 cluster, Xe is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five F atoms. There is two shorter (1.98 Å) and three longer (1.99 Å) Xe–F bond length. There are three inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sb3S2XeN(O2F9)2 by Materials Project

XeSb3NS2(O2F9)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four XeSb3NS2(O2F9)2 clusters. Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to one N and one F atom. The Xe–N bond length is 2.13 Å. The Xe–F bond length is 2.44 Å. There are three inequivalent Sb sites. In the first Sb site, Sb is bonded to six F atoms to form corner-sharing SbF6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 29°. There are a spread of Sb–F bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.10 Å. In the second Sb site, Sb is bonded to six F atoms to form corner-sharing SbF6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 29°. There are a spread of Sb–F bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.15 Å. In the third Sb site, Sb is bonded to six F atoms to form corner-sharing SbF6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 29°. There are a spread of Sb–F bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.04 Å. N is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to one Xe and two S atoms. There is one shorter (1.69 Å) and one longer (1.73 Å) N–S bond length. There are two inequivalent S sites. In the first S site, S is bonded to one N, two O, and one F atom to form distorted corner-sharing SNO2F tetrahedra. Both S–O bond lengths are 1.42 Å. The S–F bond length is 1.58 Å. In the second S site, S is bonded to one N, two O, and one F atom to form corner-sharing SNO2F tetrahedra. There is one shorter (1.42 Å) and one longer (1.43 Å) S–O bond length. The S–F bond length is 1.57 Å. There are four inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the third O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. There are eighteen inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the fourth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the fifth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the sixth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the seventh F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the eighth F site, F is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Sb atoms. In the ninth F site, F is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Sb atoms. In the tenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the eleventh F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the twelfth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the thirteenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the fourteenth F site, F is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Xe and one Sb atom. In the fifteenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the sixteenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the seventeenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the eighteenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on PtXeF11 by Materials Project

XeF5PtF6 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four PtF6 clusters and four XeF5 clusters. In each PtF6 cluster, Pt is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six F atoms. There are a spread of Pt–F bond distances ranging from 1.90–1.96 Å. There are five inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Pt atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Pt atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Pt atom. In the fourth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Pt atom. In the fifth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Pt atom. In each XeF5 cluster, Xe is bonded in a distorted square pyramidal geometry to five F atoms. There is two shorter (1.98 Å) and three longer (1.99 Å) Xe–F bond length. There are three inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on TeAsHXeNF11 by Materials Project

XeAsNHTeF11 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of two XeAsNHTeF11 clusters. Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to one N and one F atom. The Xe–N bond length is 2.14 Å. The Xe–F bond length is 2.50 Å. As is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six F atoms. There are a spread of As–F bond distances ranging from 1.76–1.86 Å. N is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Xe, one H, and one Te atom. The N–H bond length is 1.04 Å. The N–Te bond length is 2.07 Å. H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N atom. Te is bonded in an octahedral geometry to one N and five F atoms. There are a spread of Te–F bond distances ranging from 1.86–1.89 Å. There are eleven inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Te atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Te atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Te atom. In the fourth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Te atom. In the fifth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Te atom. In the sixth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the seventh F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the eighth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the ninth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the tenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the eleventh F site, F is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Xe and one As atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on AsSXeNF10 by Materials Project

XeAsNSF10 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight XeAsNSF10 clusters. Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to one N and one F atom. The Xe–N bond length is 2.18 Å. The Xe–F bond length is 2.69 Å. As is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six F atoms. There are a spread of As–F bond distances ranging from 1.76–1.83 Å. N is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Xe and one S atom. The N–S bond length is 1.57 Å. S is bonded in a trigonal bipyramidal geometry to one N and four F atoms. There are a spread of S–F bond distances ranging from 1.56–1.62 Å. There are ten inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the fourth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the fifth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the sixth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S atom. In the seventh F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the eighth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe and one As atom. In the ninth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom. In the tenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one As atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on MnSb3XeF23 by Materials Project

XeF5MnSb3F18 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of four XeF5 clusters and one MnSb3F18 framework. In each XeF5 cluster, Xe is bonded in a square pyramidal geometry to five F atoms. There is one shorter (1.95 Å) and four longer (1.96 Å) Xe–F bond length. There are three inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the MnSb3F18 framework, Mn is bonded to six F atoms to form MnF6 octahedra that share corners with six SbF6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 14–23°. There are four shorter (2.12 Å) and two longer (2.15 Å) Mn–F bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Sb sites. In the first Sb site, Sb is bonded to six F atoms to form SbF6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent MnF6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 20–23°. There are a spread of Sb–F bond distances ranging from 1.89–1.97 Å. In the second Sb site, Sb is bonded to six F atoms to form SbF6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent MnF6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 14°. There are a spread of Sb–F bond distances ranging from 1.88–1.96 Å. There are eleven inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the fourth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the fifth F site, F is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Mn and one Sb atom. In the sixth F site, F is bonded in a linear geometry to one Mn and one Sb atom. In the seventh F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the eighth F site, F is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Mn and one Sb atom. In the ninth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the tenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the eleventh F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sb2XeClF11 by Materials Project

XeSb2ClF11 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pna2_1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight XeSb2ClF11 clusters. Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to one Cl and one F atom. The Xe–Cl bond length is 2.36 Å. The Xe–F bond length is 2.67 Å. There are two inequivalent Sb sites. In the first Sb site, Sb is bonded to six F atoms to form corner-sharing SbF6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 35°. There are a spread of Sb–F bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.08 Å. In the second Sb site, Sb is bonded to six F atoms to form corner-sharing SbF6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 35°. There are a spread of Sb–F bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.08 Å. Cl is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. There are eleven inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the fourth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the fifth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the sixth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the seventh F site, F is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Sb atoms. In the eighth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the ninth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe and one Sb atom. In the tenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom. In the eleventh F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on XeNO3F by Materials Project

XeNO3F crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four XeNO3F clusters. Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to one O and one F atom. The Xe–O bond length is 2.23 Å. The Xe–F bond length is 2.11 Å. N is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O atoms. There are a spread of N–O bond distances ranging from 1.22–1.39 Å. There are three inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N atom. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N atom. In the third O site, O is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Xe and one N atom. F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗