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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Engineering scale molten salt corrosion and chemistry code development
A new engineering scale transport code Mole is described. Mole was developed using the Multiphysics Object-Oriented Simulation Environment (MOOSE) framework for solving species transport problems in flowing liquid. It is applied to leaching of Cr from alloys into molten salts part a of a multi-physics, multi-scale approach for coupling chemistry with mechanical behavior modeling. Demonstrations of the leaching phenomenon were benchmarked to experimental data provided by the Molten Salt Reactor campaign and the results are presented.
Control of the Plasma-Material Interface for Long Pulse Optimization in EAST Final Report
This final report describes the funded activity to understand and control the plasma-material interface to improve long pulse discharge control and performance on the EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) facility, located in Hefei, China. The primary focus of the research was long pulse recycling control via optimization of lithium (Li) delivery systems, including flowing liquid lithium plasma facing components (PFCs), because Li persists as the main wall conditioning technique. On EAST, lithium was primarily introduced using crucible evaporation, pellet injection, and gravitationally dropped powder. Overall, the introduction of lithium into the EAST plasma had strong and persistent effects on the ELM behavior during long pulse EAST discharges demonstrating overall improved performance. Additionally, a flexible impurity injection tool, a multi-chamber impurity powder dropper, was developed and deployed on EAST, to extend powder injection to elements other than Li. Finally, improvements to the Soft X-ray diagnostic system were introduced to improve measurements of impurity transport and electron temperature.
INFUSE:FLARED (Final Technical Report)
This report summarizes the final outcomes of the INFUSE:FLARED collaboration between Tokamak Energy (TE), the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), and the Department of Energy (DOE). The project aimed to experimentally determine and model the pumping, absorption, and separation behavior of deuterium in flowing liquid lithium under gas and plasma exposure conditions. The work supports the development of lithium-based plasma-facing components (PFCs) and tritium management strategies for next-generation fusion plants.
Understanding NBI heating and fueling in LTX-β tokamak
My work on the contract DE-SC=0023274 (July, 2022 - July, 2025) was focused on understanding the plasma fueling by NBI. On Dec. 1998 with Sergei Krasheninnikov (UCSD, San Diego, CA) we initiated the Li Wall Fusion (LiWFusion) as a new concept of magnetic fusion [1]. The new 1 2 plasma 3 4 5 6 2.1 Overview of rate coefficients, mean-free paths λH0 , and diffusions coefficients 6 2. GSV code for ⟨σv⟩ analysis of NBI fueling concept was a reaction of the lack of luck of tokamak fusion with QDT = 1 on TFTR and JET. We recognized the edge plasma cooling by recycling to be the route reason of the tokamak problems on the way to burning plasma. LiWFusion relies on plasma pumping by a lithium layer on the inner walls of the plasma chamber, combined with the plasma heating and fueling by the Neutral Beam Injection (NBI). These two innovations eliminate the route problem of the tokmak fusion. The concept became theoretically mature in 2006. In 2012, the technology of continuously Flowing Liquid Lithium (24/7-FLiLi) was invented by me for the future implementations of the LWFusion concept. At the same time, my every presentation on LiWFusion to International Symposium on Lithium Applications since 2010 was objected by some person with words “Everybody since the 1970s knows that plasma fueling by NBI is impossible”. I dropped the name of the author of this objection and ignored his views. My work on the current grant on NBI fueling of LTX-β not only clarified the issue but resolved it in an astonishing way. The NBI fueling was fully understood (thus humiliating the current dogmatic fusion community). The new future of LTX-β dedicated for decades to Li in tokamaks, as well as of the entire magnetic fusion program was envisioned, in sharp contrast with the fallure of OFES in the post-TFTR era of 21st century.
Measurement of Resistance, Porosity, and Water Contact Angle of Porous Transport Layers for Low-Temperature Electrolysis Technologies
The porous transport layer is an important component of low-temperature electrolysis devices, such as proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers or anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers. PTLs have significant influence on the cell performance as their bulk resistance can impact the ohmic resistance, their contact resistance can impact electrode performance, and their structure can impact the liquid flow to the cell, which could cause mass-transport losses. In order to improve cell performance, optimization of the PTL is critical. Standardized protocols should be utilized to adequately compare PTLs being developed from different institutions. This method will detail a standardized protocol for measuring the resistance of the PTL using a four-wire setup and will also detail a process for measuring the porosity and water contact angle of the PTL using capillary flow porometry.
Durable and Versatile Immobilized Carbonic Anhydrase on Textile Structured Packing for CO 2 Capture
High-performance carbon dioxide (CO 2 )-capture technologies with low environmental impact are necessary to combat the current climate change crisis. Durable and versatile “drop-in-ready” textile structured packings with covalently immobilized carbonic anhydrase (CA) were created as efficient, easy to handle catalysts for CO 2 absorption in benign solvents. The hydrophilic textile structure itself contributed high surface area and superior liquid transport properties to promote gas-liquid reactions that were further enhanced by the presence of CA, leading to excellent CO 2 absorption efficiencies in lab-scale tests. Mechanistic investigations revealed that CO 2 capture efficiency depended primarily on immobilized enzymes at or near the surface, whereas polymer entrapped enzymes were more protected from external stressors than those exposed at the surface, providing strategies to optimize performance and durability. Textile packing with covalently attached enzyme aggregates retained 100% of the initial 66.7% CO 2 capture efficiency over 71-day longevity testing and retained 85% of the initial capture efficiency after 1-year of ambient dry storage. Subsequent stable performance in a 500 h continuous liquid flow scrubber test emphasized the material robustness. Biocatalytic textile packings performed well with different desirable solvents and across wide CO 2 concentration ranges that are critical for CO 2 capture from coal and natural gas-fired power plants, from natural gas and biogas for fuel upgrading, and directly from air.
Ball bearing used in design of rugged flowmeter
A volumetric flowmeter which has a small magnet imbedded in the outer perimeter of the turbine wheel or in the bearing permits measurement of liquid flow rates in the presence of wide ranges and violent surges.
Calculations of mass-flow and thrust produced for a two-phase fluid mixture passing through a choked nozzle
Calculation of mass-flow and thrust produced for two-phase fluid mixture passing through choked nozzle
Some non-Newtonian effects in flow through tubes
Nonnewtonian effects in flow through tubes
Study of minimum pressure loss in high velocity duct systems Quarterly report
Bellows configurations design, pressure loss, and vibration tests to minimize pressure drop and improve gas and liquid flow in spacecraft high velocity duct systems
The analysis of turbulence from data obtained with a laser velocimeter
Laser velocimeter to determine point velocities in turbulent liquid flowing in pipes
Improved fluid dynamics similarity, analysis and verification. Part 2 - Effects of longitudinal vibration on discharge of liquids from propellant tanks Final report, 29 Jun. 1965 - 28 Jun. 1968
Longitudinal vibration effects on liquid flow from propellant tank
Magnetohydrodynamic induction generator experimental study Final technical report
Design and tests of MHD induction generator operating on liquid flow
Valve actuator Patent
Actuator using compressed gas as driving force to control valve handling large liquid flows
Conformal mapping procedure for transient and steady-state two-dimensional solidification
Cold plate immersed in warm flowing liquid, calculating two dimensional transient and steady state solidification by conformal mapping
The drag on oscillating flat plates in liquids at low Reynolds numbers
Liquid flow about oscillating flat plates, determining drag coefficient relationships to low Reynolds number and period parameter from graphical representation
An electrohydrodynamic heat pipe
Dielectric liquid for transfer of heat provides liquid flow from the condenser section to the evaporator section in conventional heat pipes. Working fluid is guided or pumped by an array of wire electrodes connected to a high-voltage source.