Cosmic Ray Deuterium and Helium-3 of Secondary Origin and the Residual Modulation of Cosmic Rays
Deuterium and helium 3 produced by nuclear interactions of cosmic rays with interstellar gas
Lingenfelter, R. E.↗
SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “INTERSTELLAR GAS”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
The rotation and mass of NGC 1808.
Dusty Sb galaxy NGC 1808 velocity field, rotation, mass and mass/light ratio, noting circular motion departures and interstellar gas
Burbidge, E. M.↗
The energy spectra of electrons from pion-muon-electron decays in interstellar space
Energy spectra of electrons from pion-muon- electron decays in interstellar gas
Scanlon, J. H.↗
Infrared radiation associated with protostars.
Residual interstellar gas from protostar formation detected as high luminosity IR object
Cameron, A. G. W.↗
Origin of galactic gamma-rays.
Origin of galactic gamma rays, discussing evidence in support of interstellar gas in galactic disk and production of neutral pions and bremsstrahlung
Stecker, F. W.↗
Progress report on pulsars.
Crab Nebula pulsars radio properties, possible neutron star origin, interstellar gas and magnetic fields, etc
Cameron, A. G. W.↗
Origin of galactic gamma rays
Galactic gamma rays from OSO-3 observations attributed to decay of neutral pions produced by cosmic rays interaction with interstellar gas nucleons
Stecher, T. P.↗
Cosmic gamma-radiation from pion decay - Comments on a paper by Cavallo and Gould
Cosmic gamma radiation from pion decay in interstellar gas
Stecker, F. W.↗
Pioneer F mission to Jupiter
The experimental designs for the Pioneer F mission to Jupiter are described. The spacecraft is designed to make measurements of the planet's atmosphere, radiation belts, heat balance, magnetic fields, moons, and other related phenomena. The mission also characterizes the heliosphere, the interstellar gas, cosmic rays, asteroids, and meteoroids between the earth and 2.4 billion kilometers from the sun.
Allaway, H. G.↗
Evolutionary models of nucleosynthesis in the galaxy.
A model of the galaxy is constructed and evolved in which the integrated influence of stellar and supernova nucleosynthesis on the composition of the interstellar gas is traced numerically. Our detailed assumptions concerning the character of the matter released from evolving stars and supernovae are guided by the results of recent stellar evolutionary calculations and hydrodynamic studies of supernova events. It is difficult to visualize an epoch of massive star formation in the collapsing gas cloud which formed our galaxy which would enrich the gas rapidly enough to account for the level of heavy element abundances in halo population stars; we have therefore proposed a stage of star formation which is entirely pregalactic in character. We suggest that the Jeans' length-sized initial condensations in the expanding universe discussed by Peebles and Dicke may provide the appropriate setting for this first generation of stars. Guided by these considerations, and by the need for a substantial quantity of 'unseen' mass to bind our local group of galaxies, we have constructed a model of the galaxy in which this violent early phase of massive star formation produces both (1) approximately 25% of the level of heavy elements observed in the solar system and (2) an enormous unseen mass in the form of black holes.
Truran, J. W.↗
On a galactic origin for the soft X-ray background.
Previous observations and some new data with high angular resolution are considered in the discussion of the galactic origin for the X-ray background. Aspects of instrumentation are discussed together with the observational results, and the parameters of a possible galactic distribution of point sources that would explain essentially all of the soft X-ray background. The excess flux at the poles is accounted for by the fact that the galactic distribution has a larger scale height than the interstellar gas.
Gorenstein, P.↗
The interaction of Sco X-1 with its environment.
Analytic discussion of the ionization produced in a uniform medium by a bremsstrahlung X-ray source. In particular, the ionization of interstellar gas in the vicinity of Sco X-1 is considered, and the analysis is formulated in terms of the specific parameters associated with this source. A constant temperature in the medium surrounding Sco X-1 is assumed, and simple numerical and analytic solutions are obtained for electron density and emitted radiation variation with distance from the X-ray source.
Silk, J.↗
Elemental and isotopic abundances in the solar wind
The use of collecting foils and lunar material to assay the isotopic composition of the solar wind is reviewed. Arguments are given to show that lunar surface correlated gases are likely to be most useful in studying the history of the solar wind, though the isotopic abundances are thought to give a good approximation to the solar wind composition. The results of the analysis of Surveyor material are also given. The conditions leading to a significant component of the interstellar gas entering the inner solar system are reviewed and suggestions made for experimental searches for this fraction. A critical discussion is given of the different ways in which the basic solar composition could be modified by fractionation taking place between the sun's surface and points of observation such as on the Moon or in interplanetary space. An extended review is made of the relation of isotopic and elemental composition of the interplanetary gas to the dynamic behavior of the solar corona, especially processes leading to fractionation. Lastly, connection is made between the subject of composition, nucleosynthesis and the convective zone of the sun, and processes leading to modification of initial accretion of certain gases on the Earth and Moon.
Geiss, J.↗
The interaction of the solar wind with the interstellar medium
The expected characteristics of the solar wind, extrapolated from the vicinity of the earth are described. Several models are examined for the interaction of the solar wind with the interstellar plasma and magnetic field. Various aspects of the penetration of neutral interstellar gas into the solar wind are considered. The dynamic effects of the neutral gas on the solar wind are described. Problems associated with the interaction of cosmic rays with the solar wind are discussed.
Axford, W. I.↗
Antimatter in the Universe?
The use of gamma rays, cosmic rays, annihilation reactions, and interstellar gas reactions to prove antimatter is present in the universe is discussed.
Steigman, G.↗
Low-intensity optical emissions from the interstellar medium
Spectrometric scans of faint optical emissions from interstellar gas are reported. Systematic variations along the galactic plane in both the intensity and radial velocity of the galactic H alpha suggest that the diffuse emission is strongly associated with three nearby galactic spiral arms.
Reynolds, R. J.↗
A satellite measurement of cosmic-ray abundances and spectra in the charge range 2 less than or equal to 7 less than or equal to 10
The composition of the nuclear component of the cosmic radiation was studied to yield information concerning the source, propagation, and confinement of cosmic rays within the galaxy. The first comprehensive satellite measurement is presented of cosmic-ray composition and spectra in the charge range 2 equal to or less than Z equal to or less than 10 using the geomagnetic field as a rigidity analyzer through the entire range of vertical cutoffs. The results indicate that the spectra of all the elements in the observed range are similar, and thus that various ratios of elemental abundances are nearly independent of rigidity over the range 2 equal to or less than P equal to or less than 15 GV. Calculations of the propagation of cosmic rays through the interstellar and interplanetary media predict that there should be a variation with rigidity of ratios of various elements, because of the charge-dependent effects of ionization of the interstellar gas by the cosmic rays. The absence of this variation can be explained by assuming a rigidity-dependent confinement of the cosmic rays in the galaxy.
Brown, J. W.↗
Nuclear gamma rays from Li-7 in the galactic cosmic radiation.
The observation of a gamma-ray line feature from the direction of the galactic center by Johnson, Harnden, and Haymes is interpreted as the 478-keV nuclear de-excitation of low-energy Li-7 cosmic rays as they inelastically scatter from the interstellar gas. The prediction of an associated line at 432 keV is proposed as a definitive test of this idea.
Fishman, G. J.↗