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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2024

Clear Lake Volcanic Field Disasters: Creating a Deformation Record Using InSAR to Assess Hazards and Detect Volcanic Unrest in Clear Lake Volcanic Field

Clear Lake Volcanic Field (CLVF) in northern California is at a high threat potential for volcanic hazards. Eruptions leading to increased seismic activity could result in silicic domes, cinder cones, and flows that would be dangerous to the residential areas near the volcanic field. Remotely sensed Earth observations can reveal volcanic processes in the subsurface, which are essential to the timely monitoring of potential volcanic activity. In particular, Sentinel-1 C-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (C-SAR) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data capture relative surface deformation at unprecedented high spatial and temporal resolutions. Leveraging C-SAR and DEMs, we conducted interferometric analysis from January 2016 to December 2023. Our results demonstrate 1) the mean surface displacement velocity of the Clear Lake Volcanic Field is measured to undergo 5 to 10-centimeter scale deformation and shows a strong relationship with the surrounding faults, 2) apparent seasonal differences in rates of surface change, and 3) seismic activity associated with the geyser geothermal field has a strong association with cumulative surface displacement, with active fault zones having 2 to 5 cm of additional displacement. Results indicate that deformation is linked to deep pressure sources causing stresses on the surficial environment that should be considered in hazard mitigation. This study provides a baseline of historic deformation, aiding hazard analysts in communication efforts and streamlining decision-making for potential risks to region residents.

remote sensing↗
DOE OSTI2013

Automating Natural Disaster Impact Analysis: An Open Resource to Visually Estimate a Hurricane s Impact on the Electric Grid

An ORNL team working on the Energy Awareness and Resiliency Standardized Services (EARSS) project developed a fully automated procedure to take wind speed and location estimates provided by hurricane forecasters and provide a geospatial estimate on the impact to the electric grid in terms of outage areas and projected duration of outages. Hurricane Sandy was one of the worst US storms ever, with reported injuries and deaths, millions of people without power for several days, and billions of dollars in economic impact. Hurricane advisories were released for Sandy from October 22 through 31, 2012. The fact that the geoprocessing was automated was significant there were 64 advisories for Sandy. Manual analysis typically takes about one hour for each advisory. During a storm event, advisories are released every two to three hours around the clock, and an analyst capable of performing the manual analysis has other tasks they would like to focus on. Initial predictions of a big impact and landfall usually occur three days in advance, so time is of the essence to prepare for utility repair. Automated processing developed at ORNL allowed this analysis to be completed and made publicly available within minutes of each new advisory being released.

EARSS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Answering Public Health Concerns Over Japanese Nuclear Disaster | ORAU

When the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant became crippled following Japan's March 2011 earthquake and tsunami, some U.S. citizens became concerned about whether radiation would disperse across the Pacific Ocean. As the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention prepared to assist in the U.S. response effort, ORAU provided the CDC with onsite, staff support at its Joint Information Center. ORAU also had a lead role in the development and execution of the CDC's first-ever Bridging the Gaps: Public Health and Radiation Emergency Preparedness conference, which took place 10 days after the earthquake and served as a forum for discussing the current state of radiation emergency preparedness.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗