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At least 379 records · Page 21
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1984

Crystal gazing. Part 2: Implications of advanced in digital data storage technology

During the next 5-10 years it is likely that the bit density available in digital mass storage systems (magnetic tapes, optical and magnetic disks) will be increased to such an extent that it will greatly exceed that of the conventional photographic emulsions like IIIaJ which are used in astronomy. These developments imply that it will soon be advantageous for astronomers to use microdensitometers to completely digitize all photographic plates soon after they are developed. Distribution of digital copies of sky surveys and the contents of plate vaults will probably become feasible within ten years. Copies of other astronomical archieves (e.g., Space Telescope) could also be distributed with the same techniques. The implications for designers of future microdensitometers are: (1) there will be a continuing need for precision digitization of large-format photographic imagery, and (2) that the need for real-time analysis of the output of microdensitometers will decrease.

Wells, D. C.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Full-scale testing, production and cost analysis data for the advanced composite stabilizer for Boeing 737 aircraft. Volume 1: Technical summary

The full scale ground test, ground vibration test, and flight tests conducted to demonstrate a composite structure stabilizer for the Boeing 737 aircraft and obtain FAA certification are described. Detail tools, assembly tools, and overall production are discussed. Cost analyses aspects covered include production costs, composite material usage factors, and cost comparisons.

Aniversario, R. B.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Design, ancillary testing, analysis and fabrication data for the advanced composite stabilizer for Boeing 737 aircraft, volume 2

Results of tests conducted to demonstrate that composite structures save weight, possess long term durability, and can be fabricated at costs competitive with conventional metal structures are presented with focus on the use of graphite-epoxy in the design of a stabilizer for the Boeing 737 aircraft. Component definition, materials evaluation, material design properties, and structural elements tests are discussed. Fabrication development, as well as structural repair and inspection are also examined.

Aniversario, R. B.↗
NASA NTRS1990

The Advanced Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (ATDRSS) - The next generation

The Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) is currently in operation and is providing support to users. This paper describes a candidate satellite configuration which will continue system operation when the current satellite fleet is expended in the 1996 to 1997 time frame. The new system is intended to meet the growth in space network user population and service needs expected through approximately 2010. It is believed that the candidate architecture described will lead to a low-risk evolution from the TDRS architecture used prior to implementation of the ATDRS. NASA is using the architecture described herein as a reference, but has not selected an implementation architecture for the ATDRS system. This selection will be made when an implementing contractor is chosen and will be based on reducing life cycle costs and the ability to meet mission needs.

Brandel, Daniel↗
NASA NTRS1992

Advanced tracking and data relay satellite system

The purpose of this communication satellite system are as follows: to provide NASA needs for satellite tracking and communications through the year 2012; to maintain and augment the current TDRS system when available satellite resources are expended in the latter part of the decade; to provide the necessary ground upgrade to support the augmented services; and to introduce new technology to reduce the system life cycle cost. It is concluded that no ATDRS spacecraft requirement for new modulation techniques, that data rate of 650 MBps is required, and that Space Station Freedom requirement is for 650 MBps data some time after the year 2000.

Stern, Daniel↗
NASA NTRS1992

Optical terminal definition for the Future Service Growth (FSG) module of the Advanced Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (ATDRSS)

Results are presented from preliminary analyses and definition studies for an optical terminal's incorporation into the FSG module of the ATDRS system, which must support crosslinks between selected relay satellites of a modified ATDRS constellation and thereby allow the placement of a relay satellite at an orbital location which eliminates the zone of exclusion. These studies have attempted to identify alternative constellations by means of one or more crosslinks, and to formulate the service-routing requirement for the FSG terminal. Attention is given to an FSG optical terminal that furnishes the functionality and performance required for a crosslink terminal.

Bruno, Ronald C.↗
NASA NTRS2001

Advanced Statistical and Data Analysis Tools for Astrophysics

The goal of the project is to obtain, derive, and develop statistical and data analysis tools that would be of use in the analyses of high-resolution, high-sensitivity data that are becoming available with new instruments. This is envisioned as a cross-disciplinary effort with a number of collaborators.

Kashyap, V.↗
NASA NTRS2009

Advances in Land Data Assimilation at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Research in land surface data assimilation has grown rapidly over the last decade. In this presentation we provide a brief overview of key research contributions by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). The GSFC contributions to land assimilation primarily include the continued development and application of the Land Information System (US) and the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). In particular, we have developed a method to generate perturbation fields that are correlated in space, time, and across variables and that permit the flexible modeling of errors in land surface models and observations, along with an adaptive filtering approach that estimates observation and model error input parameters. A percentile-based scaling method that addresses soil moisture biases in model and observational estimates opened the path to the successful application of land data assimilation to satellite retrievals of surface soil moisture. Assimilation of AMSR-E surface soil moisture retrievals into the NASA Catchment model provided superior surface and root zone assimilation products (when validated against in situ measurements and compared to the model estimates or satellite observations alone). The multi-model capabilities of US were used to investigate the role of subsurface physics in the assimilation of surface soil moisture observations. Results indicate that the potential of surface soil moisture assimilation to improve root zone information is higher when the surface to root zone coupling is stronger. Building on this experience, GSFC leads the development of the Level 4 Surface and Root-Zone Soil Moisture (L4_SM) product for the planned NASA Soil-Moisture-Active-Passive (SMAP) mission. A key milestone was the design and execution of an Observing System Simulation Experiment that quantified the contribution of soil moisture retrievals to land data assimilation products as a function of retrieval and land model skill and yielded an estimate of the error budget for the SMAP L4_SM product. Terrestrial water storage observations from GRACE satellite system were also successfully assimilated into the NASA Catchment model and provided improved estimates of groundwater variability when compared to the model estimates alone. Moreover, satellite-based land surface temperature (LST) observations from the ISCCP archive were assimilated using a bias estimation module that was specifically designed for LST assimilation. As with soil moisture, LST assimilation provides modest yet statistically significant improvements when compared to the model or satellite observations alone. To achieve the improvement, however, the LST assimilation algorithm must be adapted to the specific formulation of LST in the land model. An improved method for the assimilation of snow cover observations was also developed. Finally, the coupling of LIS to the mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model enabled investigations into how the sensitivity of land-atmosphere interactions to the specific choice of planetary boundary layer scheme and land surface model varies across surface moisture regimes, and how it can be quantified and evaluated against observations. The on-going development and integration of land assimilation modules into the Land Information System will enable the use of GSFC software with a variety of land models and make it accessible to the research community.

Reichle, Rolf↗
NASA NTRS2011

SpaceCube 2.0: An Advanced Hybrid Onboard Data Processor

The SpaceCube 2.0 is a compact, high performance, low-power onboard processing system that takes advantage of cutting-edge hybrid (CPU/FPGA/DSP) processing elements. The SpaceCube 2.0 design concept includes two commercial Virtex-5 field-programmable gate array (FPGA) parts protected by gradiation hardened by software" technology, and possesses exceptional size, weight, and power characteristics [5x5x7 in., 3.5 lb (approximately equal to 12.7 x 12.7 x 17.8 cm, 1.6 kg) 5-25 W, depending on the application fs required clock rate]. The two Virtex-5 FPGA parts are implemented in a unique back-toback configuration to maximize data transfer and computing performance. Draft computing power specifications for the SpaceCube 2.0 unit include four PowerPC 440s (1100 DMIPS each), 500+ DSP48Es (2x580 GMACS), 100+ LVDS high-speed serial I/Os (1.25 Gbps each), and 2x190 GFLOPS single-precision (65 GFLOPS double-precision) floating point performance. The SpaceCube 2.0 includes PROM memory for CPU boot, health and safety, and basic command and telemetry functionality; RAM memory for program execution; and FLASH/EEPROM memory to store algorithms and application code for the CPU, FPGA, and DSP processing elements. Program execution can be reconfigured in real time and algorithms can be updated, modified, and/or replaced at any point during the mission. Gigabit Ethernet, Spacewire, SATA and highspeed LVDS serial/parallel I/O channels are available for instrument/sensor data ingest, and mission-unique instrument interfaces can be accommodated using a compact PCI (cPCI) expansion card interface. The SpaceCube 2.0 can be utilized in NASA Earth Science, Helio/Astrophysics and Exploration missions, and Department of Defense satellites for onboard data processing. It can also be used in commercial communication and mapping satellites.

Lin, Michael↗
NASA NTRS2012

Recent Advances in Ozone Data Assimilation at the GMAO - Towards a New Reanalysis

This presentation summarized ongoing work on improving the representation of ozone in the GEOS Data Assimilation Systems. Data from two EOS Aura sensors was used: the total column ozone from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and high vertical resolution stratospheric profiles from Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS, version 3.3). As several previous studies have demonstrated, assimilation of this data can constrain the stratospheric and tropospheric ozone columns with relatively good accuracy. However, the representation of the vertical structures in the troposphere and near tropopause region is often deficient. Since both these layers of the atmosphere are critical to the understanding of the radiative forcing as well as the ozone budget in the troposphere, current work will focus on improving the assimilated product between the surface and the 50 hPa pressure level. The discussion included recent steps that have been taken towards refining the treatment of ozone in GEOS-5. Impacts of improved tropospheric chemistry model were discussed including the introduction of efficiency factors ("averaging kernels") for OMI total ozone, and direct assimilation of radiances from the MLS instrument. In particular, advantages and challenges involved in assimilating limb radiances rather than retrieved product were discussed. This work is, in part, a preparation for a planned reanalysis of the EOS Aura data from 2005 to present.

Krzysztof, Wargan↗
NASA NTRS2018

NASA's Carbon Cycle OSSE Initiative - Informing Future Space-Based Observing Strategies Through Advanced Modeling and Data Assimilation

Land and ocean carbon sinks absorb half of human CO2 emissions. The fate of these sinks in a changing world is unknown, introducing large uncertainties in climate projections. Satellite measurements of atmospheric CO2 are required to better understand the processes governing carbon uptake. Careful planning of future missions using Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) can help ensure that they meet the needs of the scientific and policy communities. NASA's Carbon Cycle OSSE Initiative brings together researchers from multiple universities and NASA centers to create model-derived data products in support of informed mission planning.

Ott, Lesley↗
NASA NTRS2000

Advanced compact holographic data storage system

In this paper, recent technology progress developing this CHDS at JPL will be presented. The recent applications of the CHDS to optical pattern recognition systems as a high density, high transfer rate memory bank will also be discussed.

holographic↗
NASA NTRS1989

Advanced concepts for telemetry data systems

The Consultative Committee for Space Data Standards (CCSDS) has defined Advanced Orbiting System (AOS) standards for the overall architectural framework of future packet telemetry systems. The standards encompass a CCSDS principal network covering the onboard space-link and ground systems, and furnishes an asynchronous (telemetry/internetworking) and isochronous (audio and video) data-transport services employing CCSDS packets and virtual channels. Attention is given to changes envisioned in ground telemetry processing systems currently in use, as well as to the application of CCSDS standards to future systems.

Pritchard, James A.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Demonstration of INCC6 for advanced list-mode data acquisition and analysis using ALMM

The International Neutron Coincidence Counting (INCC) software plays an important role in nuclear safeguards and nuclear material control and accounting (NMC&A) measurements. While the current version, INCC5, represents the traditional standard utilized by inspectorates as well as facilities and practitioners alongside shift register hardware, LANL has recently developed an upgraded version of the software, INCC6. INCC6 offers the same analysis tools as INCC5 while adding new capabilities including acquisition and analysis of list-mode data, recording and storage of list-mode data files, and an expanded set of advanced analysis tools that make use of the additional information available from list-mode data. Here, this paper presents the first demonstration of data acquisition and analysis using INCC6 and the Advanced List Mode Multiplicity Module (ALMM). The capability of INCC6 to perform live list-mode data acquisition and analysis is demonstrated for a variety of neutron sources with a range of neutron emission rates relevant for practical applications and validated against the results obtained with INCC5 and traditional shift register hardware. Advanced list-mode analysis tools introduced by INCC6, such as time-interval and coincidence matrix analysis, are also demonstrated. Finally, the capability of INCC6 to analyze list-mode data files is tested and validated against traditional shift register results using INCC5.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗