Liquid fluorine feed system component design criteria
Liquid fluorine feed system valves, seals and seats, discussing design criteria for flight weight components
Endicott, D. L.↗
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Measurement of the fluorine chemical-shift tensor in MgF2
Fluorine chemical shift tensor measurements in magnesium fluoride, using multiple pulse NMR technique
Elleman, D. D.↗
Vehicle-scale investigation of a fluorine- hydrogen main tank injection pressurization system
Liquid hydrogen fueled space vehicle fluorine- hydrogen main tank injection pressurization system performance prediction by computerized analysis
Cady, E. C.↗
Chlorine-fluorine flame structure
Chlorine-fluorine flame, determining adiabatic propagation speed, refractive index field, temperature profile, composition distribution and atom concentrations
Ambs, L. L.↗
Fluorine and other trace elements in lunar plagioclase concentrates
Fluorine and other trace elements in lunar plagioclase concentrates from Apollo 11 fines, and anorthosite inclusion from Apollo 12 breccia
Fuchs, L. H.↗
Preparation of stable colloidal dispersions in fluorinated liquids
Chemical method for separating oil from water by liquid barrier which can be positioned magnetically is described. Fluorocarbon liquids containing colloidal suspension of magnetite is proposed. Chemical composition of magnetite and fluorinated ether polymer are presented.
Kaiser, R.↗
Development of a metallic bellows expulsion device for fluorine service
A complete expulsion device was designed, fabricated, and tested in accordance with requirements specified by NASA to demonstrate the feasibility of using metallic bellows to expel liquid fluorine. Difficulties were experienced in obtaining leaktight welds at the bellows end terminals, but eventually three assemblies were successfully fabricted and cycle tested, one in LN2, two in LF2. The bellows performed well, except that they failed prematurely in LF2, apparently the result of small initiator cracks in the seam welds of the bellows.
Fearn, R. F.↗
Design, testing, fabrication and launch support of a liquid chemical barium release payload (utilizing the liquid fluorine-barium salt/hydrazine system)
A payload was designed which included a cryogenic oxidizer tank, a fuel tank, and burner section. Release of 30 lb of chemicals was planned to occur in 2 seconds at the optimum oxidizer to fuel ratio. The chemicals consisted of 17 lb of liquid fluorine oxidizer and 13 lb of hydrazine-barium salt fuel mixture. The fuel mixture was 17% barium chloride, 16% barium nitrate, and 67% hydrazine, and contained 2.6 lb of available barium. Two significant problem areas were resolved during the program: explosive valve development and burner operation. The release payload was flight tested, from Wallops Island, Virginia. The release took place at an altitude of approximately 260 km. The release produced a luminous cloud which expanded very rapidly, disappearing to the human eye in about 20 seconds. Barium ion concentration slowly increased over a wide area of sky until measurements were discontinued at sunrise (about 30 minutes).
Stokes, C. S.↗
Fluorine gas as a cleaning agent for Apollo bulk-sample containers
A technique has been developed for cleaning Apollo bulk sample containers using fluorine gas as the cleaning agent.
Liddle, R. H.↗
Vehicle-scale investigation of a fluorine jet-pump liquid hydrogen tank pressurization system
A comprehensive analytical and experimental program was performed to evaluate the performance of a fluorine-hydrogen jet-pump injector for main tank injection (MTI) pressurization of a liquid hydrogen (LH2) tank. The injector performance during pressurization and LH2 expulsion was determined by a series of seven tests of a full-scale injector and MTI pressure control system in a 28.3 cu m (1000 cu ft) flight-weight LH2 tank. Although the injector did not effectively jet-pump LH2 continuously, it showed improved pressurization performance compared to straight-pipe injectors tested under the same conditions in a previous program. The MTI computer code was modified to allow performance prediction for the jet-pump injector.
Cady, E. C.↗
Fluorinated esters of polycarboxylic acids
Fluorine containing esters of polycarboxylic acids are discussed. The use of these esters as extreme temperature lubricants and base fluids for greases is investigated.
Breed, L. L.↗
Highly fluorinated polymers
A description is given of hydroxy containing polyethers which are prepared by the base polymerization of 2-hydro-perhaloisopropyl alcohols having the formula CF3 CH(OH)CH2X, where X is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
Trischler, F. D.↗
Thermal control and structures approach for fluorinated propulsion.
FLOX and fluorine oxidizers require cryogenic storage at 86 K (-305 F) aboard a spacecraft, whereas their respective fuels MMH and hydrazine require room temperature storage. Propulsion configuration trade-off studies have been made for two potential classes of missions, an outer planet orbiter utilizing RTG's and an inner planet orbiter utilizing solar panels. The preliminary designs incorporate the fuel tank within the thermally controlled electronics compartment and expose the cryogenic tank to space. The cryogenic tank is isolated with foam, shadow shields and a titanium truss support. Its vernier temperature control is accomplished with electrical heaters.
Stimpson, L. D.↗
High-power CW laser using hydrogen-fluorine reaction
Continuous-wave laser has been proposed based on reaction of hydrogen and fluorine. Hydrogen is produced by dissociation of hydrazine, which can be stored as liquid in light containers at room temperature.
Moynihan, P. I.↗
Irradiation and measurements of fluorinated ethylene-propylene-A on silicon solar cells in vacuum
Silicon monoxide (SiO) coated silicon solar cells covered with fluorinated ethylene-propylene-A (FEP-A) were irradiated by 1-MeV electrons in vacuum. The effect of irradiation on the light transmittance of FEP-A was checked by measuring the short-circuit current of the cells while in vacuum after each dose increment, immediately after the irradiation, and again after a minimum elapsed time of 16 hr. The results indicated no apparent loss in transmission due to irradiation of FEP-A and no delamination from the SiO surface while the cells were in vacuum, but embrittlement of FEP-A occurred at the accumulated dose.
Marsik, S. J.↗
Kinetics of the fluorination of zinc
The reaction between zinc metal and fluorine gas can be described by a parabolic rate law. This reaction is both temperature and pressure dependent. Simple kinetics are complicated by the considerable vaporization rate for zinc at temperatures above 300 C (573 K).
Odonnell, P. M.↗
Effect of viscosity on rolling-element fatigue life at cryogenic temperature with fluorinated ether lubricants
Rolling-element fatigue tests were conducted with 12.7-mm-(1/2-in.-) diameter AISI 52100 steel balls in the NASA five-ball fatigue tester, with a maximum hertz stress of 5500 mN/m2 (800 000 psi), a shaft speed of 4750 rpm, lubricant temperature of 200 K (360 R), a contact angle of 20 deg, using four fluorinated ether lubricants of varying viscosities. No statistically significant differences in rolling-element fatigue life occurred using the four viscosity levels. Elastohydrodynamic calculations indicate that values of the lubricant film parameter were approximately 2 or greater.
Dietrich, M. W.↗
Microwave spectra of some chlorine and fluorine compounds
A computer-controlled microwave spectrometer was used to catalog reference spectra for chemical analysis. Tables of absorption frequencies, peak absorption intensities, and integrated intensities are shown for 21 organic compounds which contain chlorine, fluorine, or both.
White, W. F.↗