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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 361 records · Page 20
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2018

Explosion Source Models and the Scattering Origin of Regional Phases from SPE Phase 1 Coda Spectral Ratios

The Source Physics Experiment(SPE)explosions provide comprehensive ground truth information,and nearby recordings that are rarely available in typical monitoring scenarios. Here, we look for relationships with local and regional distance data to understand source and propagation effects in an effort to improve monitoring at a distance. We examine source spectral ratios, which can be measured to high precision by taking advantage of many SPE and independently operated stations, as well as the redundancy available from coda waves. Classical source models (Mueller and Murphy, 1971, MM71; Denny and Johnson, 1991, DJ91)predict the source ratios poorly; however, a hybrid model(MM71 with DJ91 cavity radii)performs better, and by varying cavity and elastic radii we obtain models that fit to within measurement precision. Based on this, the best prediction model for the SPE suite is the hybrid model with cavity radius decreased by 95%, and elastic radius decreased by 75%. This works best for mid-range scaled depths of burial (SPE-1, 2, 3, and 5). We do not guarantee transportability to other geologies,depth and scaled depth ranges. Finally, we observe a distinct spectral modulation at 6-9Hzthat is not predicted by classical models, and is most likely the result of interference of short period surface waves(Rg)with those produced by spallation of near surface layers.The same modulationis observed for compressional (P) and shear(S) waves at distance, indicating the origin of these waves as scattered Rg.The scattering process must be accounted for quantitatively when using distant signals to monitor treaty compliance over broad regions.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2019

M4SF-19LL010301082-Surface Complexation and Ion Exchange Database Development Phase 1: Clay Minerals

This progress report (Level 4 Milestone Number M4SF-19LL010301082) summarizes research conducted at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) within the Argillite International Collaborations Activity Number Activity SF-19LL010301081. The activity is focused on our long-term commitment to engaging our partners in international nuclear waste repository research. The focus of this milestone is surface complexation model international collaborations. Specifically, we are developing a database framework for SFWST that is aligned with the Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf (HZDR) sorption database development group in support of the database needs of the Spent Fuel and Waste and Science Technology (SFWST) program.

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗
DOE OSTI2020

NBL Pu CRM (Phase 1 Progress Report)

Several 100 μg aliquots of NBL CRM 137 Pu sulfate tetrahydrate were prepared in 20 mL glass vials at some time in the past and are expected to have similar chemical composition and similar concentrations of contaminants as the bulk 250 mg CRM 137 Pu sulfate tetrahydrate units. Thus, these units were characterized and used to test Pu purification chemistry to be employed on the larger unit. For preliminary characterization, the residue of bottle 6 was dissolved in 4 M HNO3/0.01 M HF and transferred quantitatively to a pre-weighed 30 mL Savillex Teflon vial with a total solution mass of approximately 18 g. A gravimetric aliquot was removed from this solution for characterization and the remaining solution was dried down and reconstituted in 8 M HNO 3 to test the anion exchange purification column.

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗
DOE OSTI2016

Results from Phase 1, 2, and 3 Studies on Nepheline Formation in High-Level Waste Glasses Containing High Concentrations of Alumina

The composition of Hanford high-level waste (HLW) is dominated by relatively high concentrations of Al 2 O 3 . A major constraint limiting the waste loading of high-Al 2 O 3 glasses is nepheline (nominally NaAlSiO 4 ) formation upon slow cooling of HLW glasses after melts are poured into canisters. The model currently planned to be used at the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) for avoiding nepheline formation is too conservative and drastically limits waste loading. To increase loadings of high-Al 2 O 3 waste at the WTP, the effects of glass composition on glass properties must be determined and glass property-composition models must be developed. An important task of this effort is determining the impacts of glass composition on nepheline formation and the effects of nepheline on Product Consistency Test (PCT) response.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2021

Next-Generation Metal-Supported SOFC Phase 1 (CRADA Final Report)

This project is a paper study of Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (MS-SOFC) development. The literature from 2017-2021 regarding MS-SOFCs and SOFCs was reviewed and analyzed. The findings were used to develop a set of ideas for improving MS-SOFCs. If implemented, improved MS-SOFCs will contribute to increased fuel efficiency and reduced greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector.

30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION↗
DOE OSTI2017

Enhanced Hanford Low-Activity Waste Glass Property Data Development: Phase 1

This report summarizes and analyzes data collected on a first test matrix of 36 low-activity waste (LAW) glass compositions intended to expand the LAW glass composition region over which glass property models are valid. The 36 LAW glass compositions were selected using statistical layered experimental design to explore a new glass composition region that overlaps and expands beyond the previously explored LAW glass composition region. The layered design of 36 LAW glasses consisted of 18 outer-layer glasses, 13 inner-layer glasses, a center glass (two replicates), and a glass previously tested at another laboratory (three replicates). The outer-layer glass compositions include extrema of the glass compositions that extend across and slightly beyond the compositions that are expected to be targeted for production. The analyses performed on these glasses include chemical composition (for target compositional verification), density, viscosity, electrical conductivity, crystal fraction, Canister Centerline Cooling with crystal identification, Product Consistency Test response, sulfur solubility, iron redox, and Vapor Hydration Test response. This report documents and discusses the results obtained from this testing.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2022

Systems Packages for Washington State Building Performance Standard Incentive Program: Phase 1 Analysis

Starting in 2026 Washington State building performance standards will come into effect that require commercial buildings larger than 50,000 sf to meet site energy use intensity targets. To support a state incentive program designed to encourage building owners to start complying early, we characterized the building stock energy use of 11 building types, analyzed 43 energy upgrade measures, and developed seven packages of energy upgrade measures using the ComStock energy analysis tool. Each energy upgrade package included from 4 to 17 energy measures consisting of lighting, HVAC, and envelope upgrades. Package savings were calculated for four priority building types using a sample of 35,000 buildings characterized by four building area bins, three climate zones, and two county types (urban and rural). Of the 28 package and building type combinations analyzed, 17 (61%) met or exceeded program energy savings targets and two packages met targets for all four building types.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2022

ComEd Climate Risk and Adaptation Outlook, Phase 1: Temperature, Heat Index, and Average Wind

This Climate Risk and Adaptation Outlook report presents the research and findings of a joint venture between Commonwealth Edison (ComEd) and Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne) to evaluate future climate risks to ComEd’s infrastructure and operations. ComEd recognizes that its position as the state of Illinois’ largest electric utility, serving roughly 70% of the state’s population, underscores the importance for communities across Illinois to consider climate risk as they plan for future conditions. Climate impacts, such as more severe heatwaves or more frequent flood events, can disrupt the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity and create public health challenges. Taking a proactive approach to adapt to climate risks will help ensure that ComEd continues to serve its growing customer-base reliably and efficiently. This Climate Risk and Adaptation Outlook serves as an important first step to inform ComEd’s grid planning efforts, but Argonne and ComEd recognize that additional research beyond this report will be necessary to characterize future climate conditions more comprehensively throughout northern Illinois, to assess their impacts to grid assets and system operations, and to index effective adaptation options at an asset-level.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2023

Innovative Subsurface Learning and Hawaiian Exploration using Advanced Tomography (ISLAND HEAT) Phase 1 (Final Report)

The Innovative Subsurface Learning and Hawaiian Exploration using Advanced Tomography (ISLAND HEAT) project aims to leverage and enhance existing Hawai'i geothermal play fairway analysis (PFA) results and validate a conceptual model-driven, optimized, least-cost exploration and geophysical suite at a proven geothermal field with known permeability, the Puna Geothermal Venture, located in the Lower East Rift Zone. The abundance of geophysical scrutinization before, during, and after the 2018 Kilauea eruption at and around the broader Puna system offers a rare opportunity to elucidate geophysical expressions within a dynamic magmatic rift setting. Development of the methodology continues with its application at a second prospective site identified by the PFA, Mauna Kea, which serves as confirmation of the integrated approach.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Enhanced Hanford High-Fluoride Waste Glass Property Data Development: Phase 1

This study focused on investigating the effects of fluorine concentration on simulated high-level waste glass properties to eventually establish a fluorine limit (as a single-component or multiple-component constraint) for glass formulations for high-fluoride Hanford wastes. This is a first step to provide data to understand the impacts of changing flowsheets on the mission duration and extent. A test matrix of 20 high-fluoride glasses was generated, and the chemical compositions were measured. The following properties were measured and tested against current model predictions: crystal formation after centerline canister cooling, crystallinity as a function of temperature, density, viscosity, electrical conductivity, toxic leaching characteristics using the toxicity characteristic leach profile (TCLP), product consistency using the product consistency test (PCT), and SO 3 solubility. Overall, current models failed to adequately predict most of the properties, possibly due to differences in compositional space used to generate the models and the current test matrix. Additional work is needed to more accurately assess the impacts of high-fluoride wastes on Hanford processing, including additional data collection over a broader composition region and model development for the key models of interest such as PCT and TCLP.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2014

Enhanced HLW Glass Property-Composition Models – Phase 1 (Final Report)

In the present work, the previously compiled glass property-composition database for WTP HLW glasses has been updated with newly available data. The earlier evaluation of the baseline WTP models against the larger data sets, in terms of range of validity and prediction performance, has been used together with a review of the HLW glass data to identify gaps in the composition regions that need to be filled to support the development of expanded models. Subsequently, statistically-designed compositional matrices were developed to begin to fill these composition gaps. Crucible melts have been prepared for the matrix glasses and glass properties have been collected. Finally, preliminary models have been developed that are applicable to the expanded dataset. Additionally, the performance of the preliminary models have been reviewed to assess the relative advantages of developing one set of models for the entire HLW glass composition space or to developing separate models for discrete composition spaces. The longer-term objective of this multi-year task is to develop new glass property-composition models for PCT release, spinel crystallization (T 1% ), nepheline formation on CCC, TCLP Cd response, viscosity, and electrical conductivity to control glass compositions for HLW vitrification at Hanford.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2025

Technical Track on Biomass Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS): Mapping bioresources, phase 1 - Consistency check comparing Mission Innovation’s Data Visualization Tool for Bioresources and the Clean Energy Ministerial Biofuture Initiative Global Biomass data accessible via the US Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Knowledge Discovery Framework (KDF)

The Mission Innovation (MI) Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) Mission, Technical Track on Biomass Carbon Dioxide Removal and Storage (BiCRS), has produced a biomass resource database for its members. In parallel, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) developed the International Feedstock Reporting data portal—herein referred to as the CEM Biofuture-KDF data—on behalf of the Clean Energy Ministerial Biofuture Initiative (CEM Biofuture), as a specific task under Biofuture’s 2024–25 Action Plan. This work was conducted at the request of CEM Biofuture and funded by the U.S. Department of Energy in support of that initiative, and it is hosted within DOE’s Knowledge Discovery Framework (KDF).

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Project "Right Way" Next Generation Melt Project: Phase 1 Performance Report Narrative (PRN)

In November 2024, AMERICAN entered into a Cooperative Agreement with the Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations (OCED) regarding the Industrial Decarbonization and Emissions Reduction Demonstration-To-Deployment Funding Opportunity for the “Right Way” Next Generation Melt Project (“Project”). This report encompasses initial planning and analysis activities to ensure that the project is viable.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2025

Macro-micro multiscale modeling to assist the design of HPDC Al castings microstructure and alloys for EV super-large body structures (Phase 1)

Implementation of High Pressure Die Casting (HPDC) Aluminum (Al) body structures for high volume electrified vehicles (EV) to improve electric efficiency remains a key strategy within many original equipment manufacturers (OEM)s. In addition to high strength for safety requirements, superior Self Piercing Riveting (SPR) performance is demanded for HPDC Al alloys to be compatible with high volume SPR joining. In this work, it is proposed to extend and validate an existing Contractor finite element multiscale macro-micro modeling approach to quantify the influence of the microstructure of HPDC alloys on the fracture strain/displacement under 3-point bend and clinch testing. The success of this work will allow to replace solution treatment stage with low energy consumption heat treatment (HT) processes, or to design new non heat treatable (NHT) HPDC Al alloys to eliminate HT requirements. Ultimately, this project will facilitate the application of HPDC Al alloys for super-large vehicle structures to significantly reduce vehicle weight and thus improving energy efficiency. The purpose of this project is to extend and validate an existing f

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗