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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 361 records · Page 20
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2016

Search for Majorana Neutrinos Near the Inverted Mass Hierarchy Region with KamLAND-Zen

Here, we present an improved search for neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of Xe 136 in the KamLAND-Zen experiment. Owing to purification of the xenon-loaded liquid scintillator, we achieved a significant reduction of the Ag 110m contaminant identified in previous searches. Combining the results from the first and second phase, we obtain a lower limit for the 0νββ decay half-life of T$0v\atop{1/2}$ > 1.07×10 26 yr at 90% C.L., an almost sixfold improvement over previous limits. Using commonly adopted nuclear matrix element calculations, the corresponding upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass are in the range 61-165 meV. Finally, for the most optimistic nuclear matrix elements, this limit reaches the bottom of the quasidegenerate neutrino mass region.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Search for Sterile Neutrinos Mixing with Muon Neutrinos in MINOS

We report results of a search for oscillations involving a light sterile neutrino over distances of 1.04 and 735 km in a νμ-dominated beam with a peak energy of 3 GeV. The data, from an exposure of 10.56×1020 protons on target, are analyzed using a phenomenological model with one sterile neutrino. We constrain the mixing parameters θ24 and Δm412 and set limits on parameters of the four-dimensional Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata matrix, |Uμ4|2 and |Uτ4|2, under the assumption that mixing between νe and νs is negligible (|Ue4|2=0). No evidence for νμ→νs transitions is found and we set a world-leading limit on θ24 for values of Δm412≲1 eV2.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2025

First measurement of neutron capture multiplicity in neutrino-oxygen neutral-current quasielasticlike interactions using an accelerator neutrino beam

We report the first measurement of neutron capture multiplicity in neutrino-oxygen neutral-current quasielasticlike interactions at the gadolinium-loaded Super-Kamiokande detector using the T2K neutrino beam, which has a peak energy of about 0.6 GeV. A total of 30 neutral-current quasielasticlike event candidates were selected from T2K data corresponding to an exposure of 1.76 × 10 20 protons on target. The 𝛾 ray signals resulting from neutron captures were identified using a neural network. The flux-averaged mean neutron capture multiplicity was measured to be 1.37 ± 0.33 (stat.)$^{+0.17}_{−0.27}$ (syst.), which is compatible within 2.3 sigma than predictions obtained using our nominal simulation. We discuss potential sources of systematic uncertainty in the prediction and demonstrate that a significant portion of this discrepancy arises from the modeling of hadron-nucleus interactions in the detector medium.

particle interactions↗
DOE OSTI2019

Deep Learning for Vertex Reconstruction of Neutrino-nucleus Interaction Events with Combined Energy and Time Data

We present a deep learning approach for vertex reconstruction of neutrino-nucleus interaction events, a problem in the domain of high energy physics. In this approach, we combine both energy and timing data that are collected in the MIN-ERvA detector to perform classification and regression tasks. We show that the resulting network achieves higher accuracy than previous results while requiring a smaller model size and less training time. In particular, the proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art by 4.00% on classification accuracy. For the regression task, our model achieves 0.9919 on the coefficient of determination, higher than the previous work (0.96).

Song, Linghao↗
DOE OSTI2014

The Search for Neutrino-Antineutrino Mixing from Lorentz Invariance Violation using Neutrino Interactions in MINOS

We searched for a sidereal modulation in the rate of neutrinos observed by the MINOS far detector. The detection of these signals could be a signature of neutrino-antineutrino mixing due to Lorentz and CPT violation as described by the Standard-Model Extension framework. We found no evidence for these sidereal signals and we placed limits on the coefficients in this theory describing the effect.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Using AI to Reproduce Neutrino Cross Section Analysis - Prototyping the Neutrino Discovery Platform

The Neutrino Discovery Platform (NDP) aims to accelerate DUNE-era science by making the neutrino program's existing datasets analyzable through fast, reproducible, and auditable workflows. We report a working version of two of its layers, data curation and agentic orchestration, built and tested end to end on MINERvA open data. The guiding lesson throughout is that a cross section is a measurement, and not just a plotted shape, only if it carries a defensible systematic-uncertainty budget, a trustworthy unfolding, and a reproducible record. Using a single medium-energy playlist pair from the MINERvA open-data release (about $2.05\times10^{17}$ protons on target of data), we first reproduced the shapes of two published charged-current inclusive $\nu_\mu$ measurements through a complete extraction ladder: selection, background subtraction, D'Agostini unfolding, efficiency correction, and flux normalization. These shape-level reproductions ran and tracked the published results, but they lacked the systematic-uncertainty machinery that defines a MINERvA cross section. To supply it, we vendored and built the MINERvA Analysis Toolkit and developed a many-universe systematic-uncertainty tool that produces a portable covariance artifact, a parallel event-loop runner, and a per-run auditability harness. Validated against a published covariance release, the toolchain reproduces the released statistical, flux, and muon-energy-scale terms and shows that they account for roughly 63\% of the total variance, with the remainder unreleased. Using this same infrastructure, we then performed a measurement of our own design, the hadronic recoil-energy distribution of low-energy ($E_\nu<2.5$~GeV) charged-current inclusive events, and found data/simulation shape agreement of $\chi^2/\mathrm{ndf}=1.26$. Together these results show that the platform supports original physics and not only reproductions.

Breaux, Auto [Tulane U. (main)]↗
DOE OSTI2022

High power targets: Challenges of next-generation high-intensity neutrino beams

High power target systems are crucial elements in enabling future neutrino and other rare particle beams. These systems transform intense source of protons into secondary particles of interest to enable new scientific discoveries. As primary beam intensities increase in next-generation multi-megawatt accelerator facilities, high power target systems face key challenges. Thermal shock and radiation damage effects in beam-intercepting devices were identified as the leading cross-cutting challenges of high-power target facilities. Target materials R&D to address these challenges are therefore essential to enable and ensure reliable operation of future accelerator target facilities. This paper provides an overview of the R&D activities underway to help support high power target systems development for next-generation multi-MW facilities.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Enhanced Ionization Charge Identification in the Short-Baseline Neutrino Program Neutrino Detectors with Deep Neural Networks

We present a deep neural net-based region of interest detection method (DNN ROI) for signal processing in the liquid argon time projection chambers of the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program, SBND and ICARUS. DNN ROI addresses limitations of the traditional wire-by-wire thresholding algorithm by leveraging the full two-dimensional detector readout and cross-plane matching information. To account for detector performance variations, we explore training with augmented samples. We find that DNN ROI outperforms the traditional method in both low-level ROI identification performance and high-level reconstruction metrics for high-energy cosmic and accelerator neutrino interaction products, while also being more robust against detector variations, with or without sample augmentation.

Abratenko, P. [Tufts U.]↗
DOE OSTI2017

Starobinsky-like inflation, supercosmology and neutrino masses in no-scale flipped SU(5)

We embed a flipped SU(5) × U(1) GUT model in a no-scale supergravity framework, and discuss its predictions for cosmic microwave background observables, which are similar to those of the Starobinsky model of inflation. Measurements of the tilt in the spectrum of scalar perturbations in the cosmic microwave background, n {sub s} , constrain significantly the model parameters. We also discuss the model's predictions for neutrino masses, and pay particular attention to the behaviours of scalar fields during and after inflation, reheating and the GUT phase transition. We argue in favor of strong reheating in order to avoid excessive entropy production which could dilute the generated baryon asymmetry.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Sterile Neutrino Search in the Neutrino-4 Experiment at the SM-3 Reactor

First results on the energy spectrum and flux of reactor antineutrinos as a function of the distance L from the reactor core, measured in the Neutrino-4 experiment for 6 < L < 12 m, are presented. The flux L ‑dependence fits to the 1/ L {sup 2} form with a statistical significance of ~10% corresponding to 1.64σ, so that the measured spectrum deviates from the 1/ L {sup 2} law at a confidence level ~90%. The measured energy spectrum deviates from the predicted one at a similar confidence level ~90%. That both deviations are best described with oscillation parameters in the same regions of Δm{sub 14}{sup 2}≈0.7-0.8 eV{sup 2}and sin{sup 2}2Θ{sub 14}≈0.10-0.15 boosts the overall confidence level to ~95% (2σ). These results suggest that antineutrinos oscillate to a sterile state, but still fall short of reliably establishing the oscillation phenomenon. At present, the possibility of mimicking the oscillation effect by systematic errors cannot be completely excluded.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗