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At least 361 records · Page 20

Hanford Reach Fall Chinook Salmon Redd Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2022

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect and track data needed to ensure compliance with an array of environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE-RL activities. Ecological monitoring data provide baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitats under DOE-RL stewardship at the Hanford Site required for decision making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. DOE/EIS-0222, Final Hanford Comprehensive Land-Use Plan Environmental Impact Statement, (CLUP) evaluates the potential environmental impacts associated with implementing a comprehensive land-use plan for the Hanford Site for at least the next 50 years, and ensures that DOE-RL, its contractors, and other entities conduct activities on the Hanford Site in compliance with NEPA.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Reach Fall Chinook Salmon Redd Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2021

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL), conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect and track data needed to ensure compliance with an array of environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE-RL activities. Ecological monitoring data provide baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitats under DOE-RL stewardship at the Hanford Site required for decision making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. DOE/EIS-0222, Final Hanford Comprehensive Land-Use Plan Environmental Impact Statement, (CLUP) evaluates the potential environmental impacts associated with implementing a comprehensive land-use plan for the Hanford Site for at least the next 50 years, and ensures that DOE-RL, its contractors, and other entities conduct activities on the Hanford Site in compliance with NEPA.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Reach Fall Chinook Salmon Redd Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2020

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect and track data needed to ensure compliance with an array of environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE-RL activities. Ecological monitoring data provide baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitats under DOE-RL stewardship at the Hanford Site required for decision making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. DOE/EIS-0222, Final Hanford Comprehensive Land Use Plan Environmental Impact Statement, (CLUP) evaluates the potential environmental impacts associated with implementing a comprehensive land-use plan for the Hanford Site for at least the next 50 years, and ensures that DOE-RL, its contractors, and other entities conduct activities on the Hanford Site in compliance with NEPA.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Reach Fall Chinook Salmon Redd Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2019

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect and track data needed to ensure compliance with an array of environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE-RL activities. Ecological monitoring data provide baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitats under DOE-RL stewardship at the Hanford Site required for decision making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. DOE/EIS-0222, Final Hanford Comprehensive Land Use Plan Environmental Impact Statement (CLUP) evaluates the potential environmental impacts associated with implementing a comprehensive land-use plan for the Hanford Site for at least the next 50 years, and ensures that DOE-RL, its contractors, and other entities conduct activities on the Hanford Site in compliance with NEPA.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Reach Fall Chinook Redd Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2018

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect and track data needed to ensure compliance with an array of environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE-RL activities. Ecological monitoring data provide baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitats under DOE-RL stewardship at the Hanford Site required for decision making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. DOE/EIS-0222, Final Hanford Comprehensive Land Use Plan Environmental Impact Statement (CLUP) evaluates the potential environmental impacts associated with implementing a comprehensive land-use plan for the Hanford Site for at least the next 50 years, and ensures that DOE-RL, its contractors, and other entities conduct activities on the Hanford Site in compliance with NEPA.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Reach Fall Chinook Redd Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2017

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect and track data needed to ensure compliance with an array of environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE-RL activities. Ecological monitoring data provide baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitats under DOE-RL stewardship at the Hanford Site required for decision making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). DOE/EIS-0222, Final Hanford Comprehensive Land Use Plan Environmental Impact Statement (CLUP) evaluates the potential environmental impacts associated with implementing a comprehensive land-use plan for the Hanford Site for at least the next 50 years, and ensures that DOE-RL, its contractors, and other entities conduct activities on the Hanford Site in compliance with NEPA.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Reach Fall Chinook Redd Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2015

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect and track data needed to ensure compliance with an array of environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE activities. Ecological monitoring data provide baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitats under DOE-RL stewardship at Hanford required for decision-making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). The Hanford Site Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP, USDOE 1999), which is the Environmental Impact Statement that evaluates the potential environmental impacts associated with implementing a comprehensive land-use plan for the Hanford Site for at least the next 50 years, ensures that DOE-RL, its contractors, and other entities conduct activities on the Hanford Site in compliance with NEPA.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Reach Fall Chinook Redd Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2014

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect and track data needed to ensure compliance with an array of environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE activities. Ecological monitoring data provide baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitats under DOE-RL stewardship at Hanford required for decision-making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). The Hanford Site Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP, DOE/EIS-0222-F) which is the Environmental Impact Statement for Hanford Site activities, helps ensure that DOE-RL, its contractors, and other entities conducting activities on the Hanford Site are in compliance with NEPA.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Reach Fall Chinook Redd Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2012

Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), also commonly referred to as king salmon, are the largest of the Pacific salmon (Myers et al. 1998, Netboy 1958). The Columbia River supports three major runs (spring, summer, and fall) of Chinook salmon generally based upon the season during which the adults re-enter the estuary to begin their upstream migration to spawn. Chinook salmon that spawn in the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River are fall-run fish. Fall Chinook salmon enter freshwater at an advanced stage of maturity, move rapidly to their spawning areas on the mainstem or lower tributaries of the rivers, and spawn within a few days or weeks of freshwater entry (Myers et al. 1998, Fulton 1968, Healey 1991). Adult fall Chinook salmon destined for the Hanford Reach are upriver brights (URB), which enter the Columbia River in late summer and spawn in the fall. Spawning in the Hanford Reach typically begins in mid-October and lasts through November. From 1948 through 1988, the firstobservation of spawning ranged from September 28 to October 26 with a median date of October 16 (Dauble and Watson 1990). Females fan out nests or “redds” in suitable gravel substrate and deposit eggs in an egg pocket while males simultaneously extrude milt to fertilize the eggs. Redds are readily identifiable at this time and appear as clean swept gravel patches amidst darker undisturbed substrate that is covered by algae (periphyton). “Redd life” is a term describing the period of time when periphyton growth has not rendered the redd substrate indiscernible from the surroundings. Redd life is typically about six weeks on the Hanford Reach (Dauble and Watson 1990).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Fall Chinook Redd Monitoring Report Calendar Year 2011

Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), also commonly referred to as king salmon, are the largest of the Pacific salmon (NMFS 1998, Netboy 1958). The Columbia River supports three major runs (spring, summer, and fall) of Chinook salmon generally based upon the season during which the adults re-enter the estuary to begin their upstream migration to spawn. Chinook salmon that spawn in the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River are fall-run fish. Fall-run Chinook salmon enter freshwater at an advanced stage of maturity, move rapidly to their spawning areas on the main stem or lower tributaries of the rivers, and spawn within a few days or weeks of freshwater entry (NMFS 1998, USFWS 1968, Healey 1991). Adult fall Chinook salmon destined for the Hanford Reach are upriver brights (URB), which enter the Columbia River in late summer and spawn in the fall. Spawning in the Hanford Reach typically begins in mid-October and lasts through November. From 1948 through 1988, the first-observation of spawning ranged from September 28 to October 26 with a median date of October 16 (PNL-7289). Females fan out nests or 'redds' in suitable gravel substrate and deposit eggs in an egg pocket while males simultaneously extrude milt to fertilize the eggs. Redds are readily identifiable at this time and appear as clean swept gravel patches amidst darker undisturbed substrate that is covered by algae (periphyton). 'Redd life' is a term applied to mean the period of time during which periphyton growth has not rendered the redd substrate indiscernible from the surroundings. Redd life is typically about six weeks on the Hanford Reach (PNL-7289).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Site Steelhead Redd Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2015

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect and track data needed to ensure compliance with an array of environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE activities. Ecological monitoring data provide baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitats under DOE-RL stewardship at Hanford required for decision-making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). The Hanford Site Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP, USDOE 1999), which is the Environmental Impact Statement that evaluates the potential environmental impacts associated with implementing a comprehensive land-use plan for the Hanford Site for at least the next 50 years, helps ensure that DOE-RL, its contractors, and other entities conducting activities on the Hanford Site are in compliance with NEPA.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Site Steelhead Redd Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2013

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect and track data needed to ensure compliance with an array of environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE activities. Ecological monitoring data provides baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitat under DOE stewardship at Hanford required for decision-making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). In addition, ecological monitoring helps ensure that DOE, its contractors and other entities conducting activities on the Hanford Site are in compliance with the Hanford Site Comprehensive Land Use Plan (DOE/EIS-0222-F). DOE-RL places priority on monitoring those plant and animal species or habitats with specific regulatory protections or requirements; or that are rare and/or declining (federal or state listed endangered, threatened, or sensitive species); or of significant interest to federal, state, or tribal governments or the public.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Steelhead Redd Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2012

Steelhead are a prized recreational fish throughout the Pacific Northwest and within the Columbia Basin. Although a non‐tribal commercial fishery for steelhead does not exist, steelhead are a primary component of tribal fisheries in the Columbia Basin. Steelhead use the Hanford Reach for rearing as juveniles, as a migratory corridor as both juveniles and adults, and for spawning as adults. Both Mid‐ Columbia and Upper Columbia summer‐run steelhead potentially use the Hanford Reach, both of which are currently listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA). Because of their high public value and ESA listing status, steelhead were selected for monitoring under this program.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Site Snake Hibernacula Report for Calendar Year 2016

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect data needed to ensure compliance with an array of environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE activities. Ecological monitoring data provide baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitats under DOE-RL stewardship at Hanford required for decision-making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). The Hanford Site Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP, DOE/EIS-0222-F) which is the Environmental Impact Statement for Hanford Site activities, helps ensure that DOE-RL, its contractors, and other entities conducting activities on the Hanford Site are in compliance with NEPA.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Site Snake Hibernacula Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2013

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect and track data needed to ensure compliance with an array of environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE activities. Ecological monitoring data provides baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitat under DOE stewardship at Hanford required for decision-making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). In addition, ecological monitoring helps ensure that DOE, its contractors and other entities conducting activities on the Hanford Site are in compliance with the Hanford Site Comprehensive Land Use Plan (DOE/EIS-0222-F). DOE-RL places priority on monitoring those plant and animal species or habitats with specific regulatory protections or requirements; or that are rare and/or declining (federal or state listed endangered, threatened, or sensitive species); or of significant interest to federal, state, or tribal governments or the public.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Snake Hibernacula Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2012

For the general public, snakes are one of the least understood and most feared groups of animals, often resulting in the intentional killing of individuals and destruction of habitat. However, snakes fill an important role in the ecosystems they occupy, eating a variety of prey, and providing a source of food for many other predators. Snakes in temperate climates must seek shelter from freezing temperatures to survive the winter, and will congregate at specific sites known as hibernacula. A single hibernaculum may contain hundreds of snakes, often of several different species. Snakes show strong site fidelity to these specific locations year after year. Finding and protecting snake hibernacula is critical to maintaining Hanford Site populations of both common and sensitive species. The striped Whipsnake (Masticophis taeniatus), the night snake (Hypsiglena torquata), and racers (Coluber constrictor) are three sensitive species of snakes documented on the Hanford Site. The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) consider the striped Whipsnake a Candidate for listing as Threatened or Endangered. The striped Whipsnake is known to den with other species including western rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis), racers, and gopher snakes (Pituophis melanoleucus) (Larsen 1997). The Department of Natural Resources considers hibernacula destruction a key threat to this species (Hallock 2005). The night snake and racer are on the WDFW State Monitor list. These three sensitive species could be sharing hibernacula with other snakes that are known to be present on the Hanford Site, including gopher snakes, common garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis), western terrestrial garter snakes (Thamnophis elegans), and western rattlesnakes. Although not documented, rubber boas (Charina bottae) also potentially occur on the Hanford Site.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Site Reptile Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2015

The U.S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) conducts ecological monitoring on the Hanford Site to collect and track data needed to ensure compliance with environmental laws, regulations, and policies governing DOE activities. Ecological monitoring data provide baseline information about the plants, animals, and habitats under DOE-RL stewardship at Hanford required for decision-making under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). The Hanford Site Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP, DOE 1999), which is the Environmental Impact Statement for Hanford Site activities, helps ensure that DOE-RL, its contractors, and other entities conducting activities on the Hanford Site are in compliance with NEPA.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Hanford Site Bee Nest Box Monitoring Report for Calendar Year 2021

This report summarizes the results of the third year of monitoring bee nest boxes on the Hanford Site. Twenty bee nest boxes were installed as a component of compensatory mitigation for the installation of the L-894 water line between the 200-East and 200-West Areas of the Hanford Site in July 2019. The goal of this compensatory mitigation is to replace lost nesting habitat for above-ground nesting bees in a mature sagebrush ecosystem. Annual monitoring will track the condition and occupation of the bee nest boxes to determine if the compensatory mitigation was successful and to identify best practices when replacing nesting habitat for native bees.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗