Development of an optical superheterodyne receiver summary report, mar. 1964 - mar. 1965
Optical superheterodyne receiver - laser system, Doppler frequency tracking, and optical tracking
SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER↗
SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “optics”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Investigation of electro-optical techniques for controlling the direction of a laser beam. part 1- beam deflector devices. part 2- beam deflector systems interim report
System for optical acquisition and tracking, and laser beam deflector devices - electro-optical techniques for controlling direction of laser beam flow
ELECTRO-OPTICS↗
Fiber optics component study Final report
Optical performance of lens-fiber optics conical condensers and lens-field flattener systems
LENS DESIGN↗
DETECTION OF SCATTERING LAYERS IN THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE /60-140 KM/ BY OPTICAL RADAR
Detection of the optical echoes from atmospheric constituents in the upper regions by optical radar
LASER↗
Review of concepts and investigations for the use of optical rotation as a means of detecting extraterrestrial life.
Optical activity in UV region of spectrum developed, using optical rotation to detect extraterrestrial life
SPACE EXPLORATION↗
Modulation Inducing Retrodirective Optical Systems /MIROS/ followon program
Modulation inducing retrodirective optical system - materials for generating absorption bands on optical irradiation and alkali halide as passive modulation transfer element
LIGHT MODULATOR↗
Artifacts in polarimetry and optical activity in meteorites.
Absorption and scattering effects on measurements of optical rotation in polarimeters studied to account for optical activity in Orgueil meteorite
POLARIMETRY↗
Optical technology Apollo extension system, part I. Volume 1 /1 of 2/. Section 1 - Introduction. Section 2 - Experiment development Final technical report
Optical technology experiments of Optical Technology Apollo Extension System
APOLLO PROJECT↗
GEOS - An optical memory and control unit
GEOS optical memory and control unit for controlling operation of optical beacon - digital delayed command system with high accuracy real time clock
REAL TIME↗
Automatic design of optical systems by means of an IBM digital computer employing the IBJOB monitor
Digital computer program using geometrical optical techniques for automatic design of optical systems
LENS DESIGN↗
A spatially coherent optical waveguide detector.
Optical detector using length of single mode optical waveguide with photodetector at output for null detection
WAVEGUIDE↗
Satellite Optical Remote Sensing of Clouds and Aerosols: From Particle Single-Scattering and Gaseous Absorption Through Radiative Transfer to Retrieval Products
Clouds and aerosols are fundamental regulators of Earth’s radiation budget and climate system, influencing both solar and terrestrial radiation through scattering, absorption, and emission processes. Accurate characterization of their physical and radiative properties from space requires a rigorous understanding of particle single-scattering, gaseous absorption, and radiative transfer in the atmosphere, as well as reliable inversion methods. This review synthesizes the physical foundations and algorithmic implementations of satellite-based passive optical remote sensing of clouds and aerosols, spanning the ultraviolet to thermal infrared spectral range. Beginning with electromagnetic scattering theory and state-of-the-art methods for computing single-scattering by nonspherical particles and computationally efficient methods for accounting for atmospheric absorption, we discuss the radiative transfer framework underpinning cloud and aerosol retrievals. The connection between single-scattering and multiple-scattering is rigorously formulated. We then summarize operational and research-grade retrieval techniques, including cloud masking and thermodynamic phase determination, CO₂ slicing for cloud-top pressure, the Nakajima-King shortwave bi-spectral, and infrared split-window approaches for cloud optical thickness and effective particle size, inversion algorithms for determining aerosol properties from multi-spectral and/or multi-angle radiometric and polarimetric measurements, and active-passive sensing synergy. Examples of the global cloud and aerosol climatologies are illustrated using observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR). Furthermore, the unique strengths of active remote sensing techniques based on spaceborne lidar observations are briefly elaborated in the context of studying ice clouds composed of randomly and horizontally oriented ice crystals, which is a significant challenge for conventional passive remote sensing techniques. By connecting physical theory to practical retrievals, this review highlights both the maturity of current methodologies and the remaining challenges in reducing uncertainties in particle morphology, vertical structure, absorption, and aerosol-cloud interactions. Furthermore, the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on atmospheric remote sensing is briefly addressed.
Aerosols↗
Optics used to measure torque at high rotational speeds
In measuring torque transmitted by a high speed rotation shaft, an apparatus has been devised which includes a shaft, an optical system and readout servomechanism. This highly accurate method uses only optical contact with moving part and is statically calibrated.
Krsek, A., Jr.↗
Simple optical system used to align spectrograph
Optically fast, portable spectrograph incorporates auxiliary optics in a boresight technique to use the zero order of the grating for visual alignment. This device obtains moderately resolved spectra of a multitude of light sources.
Exton, R. J.↗
Computer programs simplify optical system analysis
The optical ray-trace computer program performs geometrical ray tracing. The energy-trace program calculates the relative monochromatic flux density on a specific target area. This program uses the ray-trace program as a subroutine to generate a representation of the optical system.
Source record↗
Light ray modulation controls optical system alignment
Light ray modulator maintains focus in optical system subject to severe thermal gradients, vibration and shock. The modulated signals drive a servo system that aligns the system optics.
Source record↗
Electrically controlled optical latch and switch requires less current
Electrically controlled optical latch consists of a sensitive phototransistor and a solid-state light source. This design requires less current to activate an optically activated switch than in prior art.
Pieczonka, W. A.↗
Optical alignment of silicon crystals
Techniques for, and applications of preferential etching of crystal surfaces to produce optical reflections for crystal orientation and optical alignment in silicon crystals
Brashears, S.↗