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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1976

Mass spectrometry

Advances in mass spectrometry (MS) and its applications over the past decade are reviewed in depth, with annotated literature references. New instrumentation and techniques surveyed include: modulated-beam MS, chromatographic MS on-line computer techniques, digital computer-compatible quadrupole MS, selected ion monitoring (mass fragmentography), and computer-aided management of MS data and interpretation. Areas of application surveyed include: organic MS and electron impact MS, field ionization kinetics, appearance potentials, translational energy release, studies of metastable species, photoionization, calculations of molecular orbitals, chemical kinetics, field desorption MS, high pressure MS, ion cyclotron resonance, biochemistry, medical/clinical chemistry, pharmacology, and environmental chemistry and pollution studies.

Burlingame, A. L.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Development of a digital control system for a spacecraft propulsion test facility

A digital computer control and abort system which is used at NASA-Lewis research center is described. The system was designed to control test operations such as rocket engine testing, structure testing, and wind tunnel tests. Because of the nature of spacecraft system testing, particularly rocket engine testing, the unique features of the system are, control function updating at a 20 millisecond rate, continuous abort monitoring and a software system designed for short duration tests rather than continuous on-line control. To accomplish these system requirements, special hardware was designed. The presentation includes a description of the computer system and special interface hardware as well as a general description of the software used.

Smalley, R. R.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Development of a digital control system for a spacecraft propulsion test facility.

A digital computer control and abort system which is used at NASA-Lewis Research Center's Plum Brook Test Facilities is described. The system was designed by NASA personnel to control test operations such as rocket engine testing, structure testing, and wind tunnel tests. Because of the nature of spacecraft system testing, particularly rocket engine testing, the unique features of the system are, control function updating at a 20 millisecond rate, continuous abort monitoring and a software system designed for short duration tests rather than continuous on-line control. To accomplish these system requirements, special hardware was designed. The presentation will include a description of the computer system including special interface hardware as well as a general description of the software used.

Smalley, R. R.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Development of a digital control system for a spacecraft propulsion test facility.

Description of a digital computer control and abort system designed by NASA personnel to control test operations such as rocket engine testing, structure testing, and wind tunnel tests. Because of the nature of spacecraft system testing, particularly rocket engine testing, the unique features of the system are, control function updating at a 20 millisecond rate, continuous abort monitoring, and a software system designed for short duration tests rather than continuous on-line control. The presentation includes a description of the computer system and special interface hardware as well as a general description of the software used.

Smalley, R. R.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Water quality monitor

The preprototype water quality monitor (WQM) subsystem was designed based on a breadboard monitor for pH, specific conductance, and total organic carbon (TOC). The breadboard equipment demonstrated the feasibility of continuous on-line analysis of potable water for a spacecraft. The WQM subsystem incorporated these breadboard features and, in addition, measures ammonia and includes a failure detection system. The sample, reagent, and standard solutions are delivered to the WQM sensing manifold where chemical operations and measurements are performed using flow through sensors for conductance, pH, TOC, and NH3. Fault monitoring flow detection is also accomplished in this manifold assembly. The WQM is designed to operate automatically using a hardwired electronic controller. In addition, automatic shutdown is incorporated which is keyed to four flow sensors strategically located within the fluid system.

West, S.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Inflight Rotor Stability Monitor

An inflight rotor stability monitor developed at Sikorsky Aircraft to support stability testing of new rotorcraft is described. The monitor has as its core a damping estimation algorithm which embodies spectral analysis techniques. The interactive system is activated and controlled from a cathode ray tube (CRT) and operates on-line in a flight test telemetry environment. Accurate estimates of the level of damping of critical system modes are generated within one minute of the completion of a prescribed test maneuver. The stability monitor was used successfully to support various Sikorsky research and development flight programs including the UTTAS, CH-53E, S-67 Fan-in-Fin, and ABC.

Kuczynski, W. A.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Research program for experiment M133

The development of the automatic data-acquisition and sleep-analysis system is reported. The purpose was consultation and evaluation in the transition of the Skylab M133 Sleep-Monitoring Experiment equipment from prototype of flight status; review of problems associated with acquisition and on-line display of data in near-real time via spacecraft telemetry; and development of laboratory facilities and design of equipment to assure reliable playback and analysis of analog data. The existing prototype system modified, and the changes improve the performance of the analysis circuitry and increase its reliability. These modifications are useful for pre- and postflight analysis, but are not now proposed for the inflight system. There were improvements in the EEG recording cap, some of which will be incorporated into the flight hardware.

Frost, J. D., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Feasibility of an on-line fission-gas-leak detection system

Calculations were made to determine if a cladding failure could be detected in a 100-kW zirconium hydride reactor primary system by monitoring the highly radioactive NaK coolant for the presence of I-131. The system is to be completely sealed. A leak of 0.01 percent from a single fuel pin was postulated. The 0.364-MeV gamma of I-131 could be monitored on an almost continuous basis, while its presence could be varified by using a longer counting time for the 0.638-MeV gamma. A lithium-drifted germanium detector would eliminate radioactive corrosion product interference that could occur with a sodium iodide scintillation detector.

Lustig, P. H.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Biomedical technology transfer: Applications of NASA science and technology

The major efforts of the Stanford Biomedical Applications Team Program at the Stanford University School of Medicine for the period from October 1, 1975 to September 31, 1976 are covered. A completed EMG biotelemetry system which monitors the physiological signals of man and animals in space related research is discussed. The results of a pilot study involving lower body negative pressure testing in cardiac patients has been completed as well as the design and construction of a new leg negative pressure unit for evaluating heart patients. This technology utilizes vacuum chambers to stress the cardiovascular system during space flight. Laboratory tests of an intracranial pressure transducer, have been conducted. Extremely stable long term data using capacative pressure sensors has lead to the order of commercially manufactured monitoring systems base. Projects involving commercialization are: flexible medical electrodes, an echocardioscope, a miniature biotelemetry system, and an on-line ventricular contour detector.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1975

Real-time computer data system for the 40- by 80-foot wind tunnel facility at Ames Research Center

The background material and operational concepts of a computer-based system for an operating wind tunnel are described. An on-line real-time computer system was installed in a wind tunnel facility to gather static and dynamic data. The computer system monitored aerodynamic forces and moments of periodic and quasi-periodic functions, and displayed and plotted computed results in real time. The total system is comprised of several off-the-shelf, interconnected subsystems that are linked to a large data processing center. The system includes a central processor unit with 32,000 24-bit words of core memory, a number of standard peripherals, and several special processors; namely, a dynamic analysis subsystem, a 256-channel PCM-data subsystem and ground station, a 60-channel high-speed data acquisition subsystem, a communication link, and static force and pressure subsystems. The role of the test engineer as a vital link in the system is also described.

Cambra, J. M.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Stellar refraction - A tool to monitor the height of the tropopause from space

Calculations of stellar refraction for a setting or rising star as viewed from a spacecraft show that the tropopause is a discernible feature in a plot of refraction vs time. The height of the tropopause is easily obtained from such a plot. Since the refraction suffered by the starlight appears to be measurable with some precision from orbital altitudes, this technique is suggested as a method for remotely monitoring the height of the tropopause. Although limited to nighttime measurements, the method is independent of supporting data or model fitting and easily lends itself to on-line data reduction.

Schuerman, D. W.↗
NASA NTRS1974

In flight ground control of high drag satellites utilizing on-board accelerometer data and rapid orbit prediction techniques

High drag satellites frequently require precise verification of orbital maneuvers and the accurate prediction of perigee height. An in-flight ground support system designed to monitor and compute orbital state and maneuvers is described. The use of on-board three-axis accelerometer data in a flight support software system to perform on-line maneuver analysis and atmospheric model updating is discussed. In addition, automated analytic techniques to rapidly and accurately predict perigee height following a maneuver are described, as well as semianalytic averaging techniques designed to predict a decaying orbital state for mission control.

Fuchs, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Automated iodine monitor system

The feasibility of a direct spectrophotometric measurement of iodine in water was established. An iodine colorimeter, was built to demonstrate the practicality of this technique. The specificity of this method was verified when applied to an on-line system where a reference solution cannot be used, and a preliminary design is presented for an automated iodine measuring and controlling system meeting the desired specifications. An Automated iodine monitor/controller system based on this preliminary design was built, tested, and delivered to the Johnson Space Center.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1975

Interactive digital image manipulation system

The system is designed for manipulation, analysis, interpretation, and processing of a wide variety of image data. LANDSAT (ERTS) and other data in digital form can be input directly into the system. Photographic prints and transparencies are first converted to digital form with an on-line high-resolution microdensitometer. The system is implemented on a Hewlett-Packard 3000 computer with 128 K bytes of core memory and a 47.5 megabyte disk. It includes a true color display monitor, with processing memories, graphics overlays, and a movable cursor. Image data formats are flexible so that there is no restriction to a given set of remote sensors. Conversion between data types is available to provide a basis for comparison of the various data. Multispectral data is fully supported, and there is no restriction on the number of dimensions. In this way multispectral data collected at more than one point in time may simply be treated as a data collected with twice (three times, etc.) the number of sensors. There are various libraries of functions available to the user: processing functions, display functions, system functions, and earth resources applications functions.

Henze, J.↗
NASA NTRS1984

LANDSAT-4 MSS Geometric Correction: Methods and Results

An automated image registration system such as that developed for LANDSAT-4 can produce all of the information needed to verify and calibrate the software and to evaluate system performance. The on-line MSS archive generation process which upgrades systematic correction data to geodetic correction data is described as well as the control point library build subsystem which generates control point chips and support data for on-line upgrade of correction data. The system performance was evaluated for both temporal and geodetic registration. For temporal registration, 90% errors were computed to be .36 IFOV (instantaneous field of view) = 82.7 meters) cross track, and .29 IFOV along track. Also, for actual production runs monitored, the 90% errors were .29 IFOV cross track and .25 IFOV along track. The system specification is .3 IFOV, 90% of the time, both cross and along track. For geodetic registration performance, the model bias was measured by designating control points in the geodetically corrected imagery.

Brooks, J.↗
NASA NTRS1980

An analysis of the Seasat Satellite Data Distribution System

A computerized data distribution network for remote accessing of Seasat generated data is described. The service is intended as an experiment to determine user needs and operational abilities for utilizing on-line satellite generated oceanographic data. Synoptic weather observations are input to the U.S. Fleet Numerical Oceanographic Central for preparation and transfer to a PDP 11/60 central computer, from which all access trunks originate. The data available includes meteorological and sea-state information in the form of analyses and forecasts, and users are being monitored for reactions to the system design, data products, system operation, and performance evaluation. The system provides data on sea level and upper atmospheric pressure, sea surface temperature, wind magnitude and direction, significant wave heights, direction, and periods, and spectral wave data. Transmissions have a maximum rate of 1.1 kbit/sec over the telephone line.

Ferrari, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Simulator method and apparatus for practicing the mating of an observer-controlled object with a target

A servo controlled target replica, and a surface bearing a computer generated line drawing of an object are individually viewed by separate television cameras allowing a two-dimensional composite of the target replica and the object to be displayed on a monitor simulating what an observer would see through a window in a spacecraft. The target replica is coded along one self coordinate axis in such a way that the distance of an elemental area on the target along the axis is capable of being remotely readout by a television camera. A third television camera responsive to the code reads out this information by which the Z-coordinate, relative to the observer, can be calculated, on-line with the scan, for the contents of each picture element of the scene televised by the target camera.

Polstorff, W. K.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Online monitoring of lanthanide species with combined spectroscopy in flowing aqueous aerosol systems

Combined spectroscopic analysis through absorption and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was used to monitor Nd and Pr concentrations in a flowing aqueous system. A unique, online sampling approach was employed that allowed for an approximately closed analysis loop of liquids from a reservoir. Absorption spectroscopy was performed with an optical flow cell, and LIBS was performed on an aerosol stream. Multivariate calibrations based on combined absorption and LIBS signals were built for Nd and Pr and then used to monitor concentrations in mixed solutions in a series of spiking tests. In these tests, the concentrations of Nd and Pr in solution were intermittently changed while spectroscopic signals were monitored in real-time. The combined spectroscopic signals and multivariate models were successful in monitoring changing concentrations of lanthanide species with high accuracy and minimal latency. Root-mean squared error of predictions were 0.015 mol L −1 and 0.019 mol L −1 for Nd and Pr respectively, and these lanthanides were able to be monitored to an accuracy of < 0.2 wt%. This work demonstrates both the capabilities of a sampling system for online analysis of liquids and the capabilities of multimodal spectroscopic characterization for real-time, continuous tracking of species in potentially hazardous liquid systems.

absorbance spectroscopy↗