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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1988

Search for bound states of the eta-meson in light nuclei

A search for nuclear-bound states of the eta meson was carried out. Targets of lithium, carbon, oxygen, and aluminum were placed in a pion(+) beam at 800 MeV/c. A predicted eta bound state in O-15* (E sub x approx. = 540 MeV) with a width of approx. 9 MeV was not observed. A bound state of a size 1/3 of the predicted cross section would have been seen in this experiment at a confidence level of 3sigma (P is greater than 0.9987).

Chrien, R. E.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Light scalar meson and decay constant in SU(3) gauge theory with eight dynamical flavors

The SU(3) gauge theory with N f = 8 nearly massless Dirac fermions has long been of theoretical and phenomenological interest due to the near-conformality arising from its proximity to the conformal window. One particularly interesting feature is the emergence of a relatively light, stable flavor-singlet scalar meson σ ( J P C = 0 + + ) in contrast to the N f = 2 theory QCD. In this work, we study the finite-volume dependence of the σ meson correlation function computed in lattice gauge theory and determine the σ meson mass and decay constant extrapolated to the infinite-volume limit. We also determine the infinite-volume mass and decay constant of the flavor-nonsinglet scalar meson a 0 . Published by the American Physical Society 2024

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Particle production by 𝛾−𝛾 interactions in future electron-ion colliders

The particle production in photon-photon (𝛾⁢𝛾) interactions present in electron-ion collisions is investigated. We present calculations for the total cross sections and event rates related to the production of light mesons [𝜂,𝜂′,𝑓 0 and 𝑓 2 ], charmonium [𝜂 𝑐 and 𝜒 𝑐 ], and charmoniumlike [𝑋⁡(3915), 𝑋⁡(3940), 𝑋⁡(4140), and 𝑋⁡(6900)] states, considering the Electron - Ion Collider, Electron - ion collider in China, Large Hadron electron Collider, and Future Circular Collider - electron hadron energies. Our predictions demonstrate that experimental studies of these processes are feasible and useful to constrain the properties of light mesons and quarkonium states and shed some light on the configuration of the considered charmoniumlike states.

Exotic mesons↗
DOE OSTI2025

Amplitude Analysis of $\omega\pi^0$ Photoproduction at GlueX

Excited meson states can often lie hidden within mass spectra beneath more dominant resonances, making it difficult to extract their physical properties. We can unveil these states through amplitude analysis, which disentangles the overlapping states via fits to their unique production and decay angular distributions. Understanding the light-meson spectrum is essential for confirming Lattice QCD predictions, especially in regards to the search for possible hybrid mesons. The Gluonic Excitation (GlueX) experiment at Jefferson Lab aids this search by studying the production of excited light mesons in $\gamma p$ interactions in the 8.2 - 8.8 GeV photon-beam energy range. We show in these proceedings preliminary results of an amplitude analysis of a large $\omega\pi^0$ dataset, concentrating on measuring the interference between the $b_1(1235)$ and an excited $J^{PC}=1^{--}$ vector resonance.

Scheuer, Kevin↗
DOE OSTI2024

Hidden-flavor four-quark states in the charm and bottom region

We discuss the spectrum and the internal composition of ground and excited four-quark states in the charm and bottom energy region. To this end we extend previous calculations within the framework of the relativistic four-body Faddeev-Yakubovsky equation to include quantum numbers with J P C = 0 + + , 0 − + , 1 − − , 1 + − and 1 + + and study their internal composition in terms of heavy-light meson pairs, hadroquarkonia and diquark-antidiquark clusters. We observe similar patterns in the charm and bottom energy region with different compositions of the four-quark states depending on J P C quantum numbers. Most notably, we find that all states with C · P = + 1 are dominated by heavy-light meson contributions, whereas for axial-vector states with J P C = 1 + − including the Z c ( 3900 ) we find a much more complicated picture depending on the flavor content. We systematically compare our results for the spectrum with existing experimental results and provide predictions for future analyses. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Astronomy & Astrophysics↗
DOE OSTI2026

Kaon leptonic and semileptonic decays with $N_f=2+1+1$ HISQ fermions

Precision tests of the Standard Model (SM) currently show a deficit in first-row Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) unitarity. In this talk, we discuss progress towards a correlated analysis of the lattice-QCD inputs needed to test this relation with kaon data using highly improved staggered quarks (HISQ) on the MILC $N_{f}=2+1+1$ configurations. We present the status of a new analysis of light-meson decay constant data where chiral-continuum fits are guided by staggered chiral perturbation theory (SChPT). The goal of SChPT is twofold: it allows us to use data not only at physical pion mass but also at unphysical masses. Moreover, it provides values of ChPT low energy constants (LECs) as well as their correlations. We also present a reanalysis of our previous kaon semileptonic form factor calculation, aiming to estimate correlations between the form factor and light-meson decay constants. We discuss the new methodology, new data included, and present some preliminary results.

Merino, Ramón [Granada U.] (ORCID:000900039150393X↗
DOE OSTI2025

Scaling Properties of φ -Meson and Light Charged Hadron Production in Small and Large Systems at PHENIX

Recent results on the identified charged-hadron (π ± , K ± , p, p¯) production vat midrapidity region (|η| < 0.35) have been measured by the PHENIX experiment in p + Al, 3 He + Au, Cu + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV and U + U collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 193 GeV. These measurements are presented through the invariant transverse-momentum (p T ) and transverse-mass (m T ) spectra for different collision centralities. The averaged freeze-out temperature value for different systems was found to be 166.1 ± 2.2 MeV, and do not exhibit any dependence on the collision centrality and $\langle$N parti $\rangle$ values. The particle ratios of K/π and p/π have been measured in different centrality ranges of large and small collision systems. The values of K/π ratios measured in all considered collision systems were found to be consistent with those measured in p+p collisions. Furthermore, the identified charged-hadron nuclear-modification factors (R AB ) are also presented. Enhancement of proton R AB values over meson R AB values was observed in central 3 He+Au, Cu+Au, and U+U collisions. The proton R AB values measured in p+Al collision system were found to be consistent with R AB values of Φ, π ± , K ± , and π 0 mesons, suggesting that the size of the system produced in p+Al collisions is too small for recombination to cause a noticeable increase in proton production.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

The Experimental Programs on Light Pseudoscalar Meson Decays

The decays of the low-lying pseudoscalar mesons (?0, ?, and ??) allow access to a plethora of physics probes, from measurements of fundamental properties of matter such as the up-down quark mass ratio, to studies of channels that access higher-order terms in Chiral Perturbation theory, to tests of fundamental symmetries and searches for signatures of physics beyond the Standard Model. Several experiments have studied pseudoscalar decays: these experiments include PrimEx in Hall B at Jefferson Lab, A2 at the MAMI electron accelerator facility, the KLOE-II experiment at the DA?NE ?-factory, WASA-at-COSY at the cooler synchrotron COSY storage ring, and BESIII at the Beijing charm factory. In Hall D at Jefferson Lab, PrimEx-eta uses the Primakoff process to measure the ? radiative width using the GlueX spectrometer. In the near future the Jefferson Lab Eta Factory (JEF) experiment will use the GlueX spectrometer with an upgraded forward calorimeter to study ?(?) decay channels with a focus on all-neutral final states. Finally, a proposal for a new experiment, ``Rare Eta Decays with a TPC for Optical Photons'' (REDTOP) utilizing a proton beam on fixed targets, is under development. Highlights from previous and ongoing experiments and plans for future experiments will be presented.

Taylor, Simon↗
DOE OSTI2021

Excited J -- Resonances in Meson-Meson Scattering from Lattice QCD

Understanding the excited light meson spectrum is vital to our understanding of how quarks and gluons bind to become hadrons. This sector is home to a plethora of states including hadrons laying outside the quark model. Distinguishing the exotics from the rest of the spectrum would be made easier if we first had a handle on the light qq¯ spectrum. I present the first determination of excited light JP C = 1--, 2--, 3-- resonances in meson-meson scattering at the SU(3) flavor point from lattice QCD. This system can be described in the context of pseudoscalar-vector elastic scattering and I determine two 1-- resonances; a lighter broader state followed by a heavier narrow state, one broad 2-- resonance, and one narrow 3-- resonance. This is the first calculation in lattice QCD that successfully extracts two resonances from the same partial wave, as well as the first calculation of a light 2-- resonance. I present the results in terms of the physical omega*/J , phi*/J resonances decaying into final states pi rho, KK¯*, eta omega and others, and compare to experiment as well as a popular phenomenological model.

Johnson, Christopher↗
DOE OSTI2024

Revisiting gauge invariance and Reggeization of pion exchange

The Reggeized pion is expected to provide the main contribution to the forward cross section in light meson photoproduction reactions with charge exchange at high energies. We discuss the Reggeization of pion exchange in charged pion photoproduction with an emphasis on consistency with current conservation. We show that the gauge-invariant amplitude for the exchange of a particle with a generic even spin J ≥ 2 in the t channel is analytic at J = 0 and that it can be interpreted in terms of the nucleon electric current. This enables us to reconcile the dynamics in the s and u channel, which involves also nucleon exchanges, with the amplitude expressed in terms of t -channel partial waves, as required by Regge theory. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Coupled-channel J − − meson resonances from lattice QCD

We extend an earlier calculation within lattice QCD of excited light meson resonances with J P C = 1 − − , 2 − − , 3 − − at the S U ( 3 ) flavor point in the representation, by considering the representation. In this case the resonances appear in coupled-channel amplitudes, which we determine, establishing the relative strength of pseudoscalar-pseudoscalar to pseudoscalar-vector decays. Combining the new octet results with the prior results for the singlet, we perform a plausible extrapolation to the physical quark mass, and compare to experimental ρ J ⋆ , K J ⋆ , ω J ⋆ and ϕ J ⋆ resonances. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2026

J/ψ photoproduction at the threshold with GlueX

High-statistics total cross sections for the vector meson photoproduction at the threshold: γp → ωp (from A2 at MAMI, ELPH, and CBELSA), γp → ϕp (from CLAS6 at JLab and LEPS at SPring-8), and γp → J/ψp (from GlueX at JLab) allow one to extract the absolute value of vector meson nucleon scattering length using Vector Meson Dominance (VMD) model. The “young” vector meson hypothesis may explain the fact that the obtained scattering length values for the nucleon. ϕ-meson compared to the typical hadron size of approximately ∼ 1 fm indicates that the proton is more transparent for the ϕ-meson compared to the ω-meson and is much less transparent than the J/ψ-meson. The extended analysis of Υ-meson photoproduction using quasi-data from the QCD approach is in perfect agreement with the light-meson findings using experimental data. Finally, the ability of J-PARC to measure $π^{–}p → ϕn$ and $π^{–}p → J/ψn$ at the threshold, which are free from the VMD model, is presented. It enables one to understand the dynamics of $s\bar{s}$ and $c\bar{c}$ production at threshold and to search for the effects of LHCb’s heavy quark exotic states.

Vector meson nucleon scattering length↗
DOE OSTI2021

Partial Wave Analysis of Meson Resonances That Decay K*K¯ Using Data from the GlueX Experiment

The GlueX experiment housed in Hall D of the Thomas Jefferson National Laboratory was created to map the light meson spectrum in order to contribute to the Standard Model of particle physics by strengthening our understanding of the strong interaction. GlueX is a medium-energy photoproduction experiment that utilizes a linearly polarized photon beam to create hadronic forms of matter.

Cole, Sebastian↗
DOE OSTI2022

Understanding the Origin of the Hadron Mass within the Standard Model

Understanding the origin of the hadron mass, which constitutes 99% of our visible universe, is one of the central goals of nuclear physics. Although the Higgs mechanism provides mass for the fundamental building blocks of matter, it can only contribute less than 2% of the proton mass. The vast majority of the proton mass is believed to come from the strong force that tightly binds quarks and gluons (collectively called partons) together as described by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). The mass that emerges as a consequence of the strong interactions within QCD is commonly denoted as Emergent Hadronic Mass (EHM). Understanding how the nucleon mass emerges in QCD is a prerequisite to an explanation of how the Universe came into being, therefore it is of utmost importance and one of the key questions to be addressed by the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). When it comes to light mesons, particularly pions, the mass decomposition is drastically different. Since the pion is naturally massless in the chiral limit, the majority of its observed mass needs to come from other mechanisms within QCD. Any successful explanation for the EHM needs to be able to reconcile both the heavy proton mass and the very light pion mass (~15% of proton mass) simultaneously. The EHM theories have direct measurable implications on the description of the internal structure of the hadron, i.e., how the partons distribute inside the hadron. Precise measurement of the parton distribution functions (PDFs) will provide necessary experimental verifications and constraints of potential EHM mechanisms. We propose to carry out a comprehensive study of the poorly known pion PDFs at the AMBER experiment at CERN. The measurement will provide vital input to constrain the global analysis of the pion PDFs, which are still based on limited data obtained more than 30 years ago. The proposed pion measurement is the only direct measurement achievable within this decade, which could lead to a future major meson structure program parallel to the EIC’s proton structure measurement.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Production cross sections of light and charmed mesons in 𝑒 + ⁢𝑒 − annihilation near 10.58 GeV

We report measurements of production cross sections for 𝜌 + , 𝜌 0 , 𝜔, 𝐾* + , 𝐾* 0 , 𝜙, 𝜂, 𝐾$^0_𝑆$, 𝑓 0 ⁡(980), 𝐷 + , 𝐷 0 , 𝐷$^+_𝑠$, 𝐷* + , 𝐷* 0 , and 𝐷*$^+_𝑠$ in 𝑒 + ⁢𝑒 − collisions at a center-of-mass energy near 10.58 GeV. The data were recorded by the Belle experiment, consisting of 571 fb −1 at 10.58 GeV and 74 fb −1 at 10.52 GeV. Production cross sections are extracted as a function of the fractional hadron momentum 𝑥 𝑝 . The measurements are compared to pythia Monte Carlo generator predictions with various fragmentation settings, including those that have increased fragmentation into vector mesons over pseudoscalar mesons. The cross sections measured for light hadrons are consistent with no additional increase of vector over pseudoscalar mesons. The charmed-meson cross sections are compared to earlier measurements—when available—including older Belle results, which they supersede. They are in agreement before application of an improved initial-state radiation correction procedure that causes slight changes in their 𝑥 𝑝 shapes.

fragmentation functions↗