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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

QECC-Synth: A Layout Synthesizer for Quantum Error Correction Codes on Sparse Architectures

Quantum Error Correction (QEC) codes are essential for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). However, their implementation faces significant challenges due to disparity between required dense qubit connectivity and sparse hardware architectures. Current approaches often either underutilize QEC circuit features or focus on manual designs tailored to specific codes and architectures, limiting their capability and generality. In response, we introduce QECC-Synth, an automated compiler for QEC code implementation that addresses these challenges. We leverage the ancilla bridge technique tailored to the requirements of QEC circuits and introduces a systematic classification of its design space flexibilities. We then formalize this problem using the MaxSAT framework to optimize these flexibilities. Evaluation shows that our method significantly outperforms existing methods while demonstrating broader applicability across diverse QEC codes and hardware architectures.

Yin, Keyi [University of California, San Diego]↗
NASA NTRS1994

Spin glasses and error-correcting codes

In this article, we study a model for error-correcting codes that comes from spin glass theory and leads to both new codes and a new decoding technique. Using the theory of spin glasses, it has been proven that a simple construction yields a family of binary codes whose performance asymptotically approaches the Shannon bound for the Gaussian channel. The limit is approached as the number of information bits per codeword approaches infinity while the rate of the code approaches zero. Thus, the codes rapidly become impractical. We present simulation results that show the performance of a few manageable examples of these codes. In the correspondence that exists between spin glasses and error-correcting codes, the concept of a thermal average leads to a method of decoding that differs from the standard method of finding the most likely information sequence for a given received codeword. Whereas the standard method corresponds to calculating the thermal average at temperature zero, calculating the thermal average at a certain optimum temperature results instead in the sequence of most likely information bits. Since linear block codes and convolutional codes can be viewed as examples of spin glasses, this new decoding method can be used to decode these codes in a way that minimizes the bit error rate instead of the codeword error rate. We present simulation results that show a small improvement in bit error rate by using the thermal average technique.

Belongie, M. L.↗
NASA NTRS1990

High-order neural models for error correcting code

The decoding and error-correction of data transmitted over a noisy channel is in principle equivalent to the operation of a neural network performing as a content-addressable memory. For a successful application, however, the neural network has to be capable of storing arbitrary words, and it has to be guaranteed that the stored words represent the only stable attractors of the memory. This paper presents a novel high-order neural network architecture that has these characteristics. The analog nature of the network can be used to perform soft-decision decoding with any block code. The performance in terms of postdecoding bit error rate versus SNR is demonstrated for two exemplary block codes. The comparison with a conventional decoding algorithm for a (15,5) cyclic redundancy code shows, for example, that the bit error rate at 7dB SNR can be decreased by two orders of magnitude.

Jeffries, Clark↗
NASA NTRS1984

Reed Solomon codes for error control in byte organized computer memory systems

A problem in designing semiconductor memories is to provide some measure of error control without requiring excessive coding overhead or decoding time. In LSI and VLSI technology, memories are often organized on a multiple bit (or byte) per chip basis. For example, some 256K-bit DRAM's are organized in 32Kx8 bit-bytes. Byte oriented codes such as Reed Solomon (RS) codes can provide efficient low overhead error control for such memories. However, the standard iterative algorithm for decoding RS codes is too slow for these applications. Some special decoding techniques for extended single-and-double-error-correcting RS codes which are capable of high speed operation are presented. These techniques are designed to find the error locations and the error values directly from the syndrome without having to use the iterative algorithm to find the error locator polynomial.

Lin, S.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Recommendations for Minimum Required Diagnostics Information

The rapid growth of electrified transportation, including light- and medium-duty electric vehicles (EVs) as a mobility solution requires a reliable EV-charging infrastructure. To advance charging reliability, the ChargeX Consortium reports “Recommendations for Minimum Required Error Codes for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure” and “Implementation Guide for Minimum Required Error Codes in Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure” provided recommendations for a set of minimum required error codes (MRECs), their functional and responsibility classifications, and a guide for their implementation, using Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) versions 1.6J4 and 2.0.1.5 These reports outline a recommended practice for consistent error reporting and interpretation, which is essential for communicating issues uniformly across the complex and diverse EV-charging ecosystem. However, MRECs are just one part of diagnosing issues; another critical part is obtaining enough information about the current state and performance of the various charging components to identify root causes for each of the error codes. This additional diagnostics data can be used by technicians or automated systems to understand the context around an issue, allowing for timely resolution, decreased maintenance costs, and increased charging reliability. During everyday operations, data are regularly collected and analyzed across the ecosystem. Although sharing of all that available data would be great for diagnostics, concerns on data ownership, privacy, and original equipment manufacturer (OEM) intellectual property pose a challenge. To overcome this obstacle, this report proposes a set of minimum required diagnostic information (MRDI) and recommends that the industry implement these uniformly across the North American EV charging ecosystem. MRDI provides a means to exchange only data deemed necessary for root cause determination.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
NASA NTRS1987

Cyclic unequal error protection codes constructed from cyclic codes of composite length

The distance structure of cyclic codes of composite length was investigated. A lower bound on the minimum distance for this class of codes is derived. In many cases, the lower bound gives the true minimum distance of a code. Then the distance structure of the direct sum of two cyclic codes of composite length were investigated. It was shown that, under certain conditions, the direct-sum code provides two levels of error correcting capability, and hence is a two-level unequal error protection (UEP) code. Finally, a class of two-level UEP cyclic direct-sum codes and a decoding algorithm for a subclass of these codes are presented.

Lin, Shu↗
DOE OSTI2024

\texttt{qec\_code\_sim}: An open-source Python framework for estimating the effectiveness of quantum-error correcting codes on superconducting qubits

Quantum computers are highly susceptible to errors due to unintended interactions with their environment. It is crucial to correct these errors without gaining information about the quantum state, which would result in its destruction through back-action. Quantum Error Correction (QEC) provides information about occurred errors without compromising the quantum state of the system. However, the implementation of QEC has proven to be challenging due to the current performance levels of qubits -- break-even requires fabrication and operation quality that is beyond the state-of-the-art. Understanding how qubit performance factors into the success of a QEC code is a valuable exercise for tracking progress towards fault-tolerant quantum computing. Here we present \texttt{qec\_code\_sim}, an open-source, lightweight Python framework for studying the performance of small quantum error correcting codes under the influence of a realistic error model appropriate for superconducting transmon qubits, with the goal of enabling useful hardware studies and experiments. \texttt{qec\_code\_sim} requires minimal software dependencies and prioritizes ease of use, ease of change, and pedagogy over execution speed. As such, it is a tool well-suited to small teams studying systems on the order of one dozen qubits.

Lopez, Santiago↗
DOE OSTI2025

Recommendations for Minimum Required Diagnostics Information for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure

The rapid growth of electrified transportation, including light- and medium-duty electric vehicles (EVs) as a mobility solution requires a reliable EV charging infrastructure. To advance charging reliability, the ChargeX Consortium reports “Recommendations for Minimum Required Error Codes for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure” and “Implementation Guide for Minimum Required Error Codes in Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure” have provided recommendations for a set of minimum required error codes (MRECs), their functional and responsibility classifications, and a guide for their implementation using OCPP versions 1.6J and 2.0.1. These reports outline a recommended practice for consistent error reporting and interpretation, which is essential for communicating issues uniformly across the complex and diverse EV charging ecosystem. However, MRECs are just one part of diagnosing issues, another critical part is obtaining enough information about the current state and performance of the various charging components to identify root causes for each of the error codes. This additional diagnostics data can be used by technicians or automated systems to understand the context around an issue, allowing for timely resolution, decreased maintenance costs, and increased charging reliability. During everyday operations, data is regularly collected and analyzed across the ecosystem. Although sharing of all that available data would be great for diagnostics, concerns on data ownership, privacy, and OEM intellectual property pose a challenge. To overcome this obstacle, this report proposes a set of Minimum Required Diagnostic Information (MRDI) and recommends that the industry implement these uniformly across the North American EV charging ecosystem. MRDI provides a means to exchange only data deemed necessary for root cause determination.

32 - ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZA↗
NASA NTRS1984

On the undetected error probability of a concatenated coding scheme for error control

Consider a concatenated coding scheme for error control on a binary symmetric channel, called the inner channel. The bit error rate (BER) of the channel is correspondingly called the inner BER, and is denoted by Epsilon (sub i). Two linear block codes, C(sub f) and C(sub b), are used. The inner code C(sub f), called the frame code, is an (n,k) systematic binary block code with minimum distance, d(sub f). The frame code is designed to correct + or fewer errors and simultaneously detect gamma (gamma +) or fewer errors, where + + gamma + 1 = to or d(sub f). The outer code C(sub b) is either an (n(sub b), K(sub b)) binary block with a n(sub b) = mk, or an (n(sub b), k(Sub b) maximum distance separable (MDS) code with symbols from GF(q), where q = 2(b) and the code length n(sub b) satisfies n(sub)(b) = mk. The integerim is the number of frames. The outercode is designed for error detection only.

Deng, H.↗
DOE OSTI2021

Securing against errors in an error correcting code (ECC) implemented in an automotive system

In general, data is susceptible to errors caused by faults in hardware (i.e. permanent faults), such as faults in the functioning of memory and/or communication channels. To detect errors in data caused by hardware faults, the error correcting code (ECC) was introduced, which essentially provides a sort of redundancy to the data that can be used to validate that the data is free from errors caused by hardware faults. In some cases, the ECC can also be used to correct errors in the data caused by hardware faults. However, the ECC itself is also susceptible to errors, including specifically errors caused by faults in the ECC logic. A method, computer readable medium, and system are thus provided for securing against errors in an ECC.

Saxena, Nirmal Raj↗
DOE OSTI2022

Enhancing obfuscation of digital content through use of linear error correction codes

Technologies related to enhancing security of digital content are described. Linear error correction codes (LECCs) are employed for dual purposes: 1) to obfuscate digital content; and 2) to verify integrity of the digital content. A transmitter computing system obfuscates digital content based upon an obfuscation protocol, wherein the obfuscated digital content includes an LECC. A receiver computing system deobfuscates the digital content by performing the inverse of the obfuscation protocol.

Corral, Celestino A.↗