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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

Container inspection in the port container terminal by using 14 MeV neutrons

A proposal for an autonomous and flexible ship container inspection system is presented. This could be accomplished by the incorporation of inspection system on the container transportation devices (straddle carriers, yard gentry cranes automated guided vehicles, trailers). This configuration is terminal specific and it will be decided by container terminal operator. In such a way no part of port operational area will be used for inspection. The inspection scenario will include container transfer from ship to transportation device with inspection unit mounted on it, inspection during container movement to the container location. A neutron generator without associated alpha particle detection will be used. This will allow the use of higher neutron intensity (5x10{sup 9} - 10{sup 10} n/s in 4π). The inspected container will be stationary in the 'inspection position' on the transportation device while the 'inspection unit' will move along its side. Following analytical methods will be used simultaneously: neutron radiography, X-ray radiography, neutron activation analysis, (n,γ) and (n,n'γ) reactions, neutron absorption, and scattering, X-ray backscattering, Neutron techniques will take the advantage of using 'smart collimators' for neutrons and gammas, both emitted and detected. The inspected voxel will be defined by intersections/union of neutron generator and detectors solid angles. The container inspection protocol will be based on identification of discrepancies between its cargo manifest and its elemental 'fingerprint' and radiography profiles. In addition, the information on container weight will be obtained during the container transport and foreseen screening from the measurement of density of material in the container. (authors)

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2023

Water-Resistant Container Testing: A426-1000 Container Design

The purpose of this report is to detail the results of water ingress testing conducted on the A426-1000 container design and discuss these results against the water-resistant container requirements of TA55-AP- 522 and PA-RD-01009. The A426-1000 is a proposed commercially off the shelf inner container option for material storage inside of a glovebox and/or as an approved non-hermetically sealed inner of an approved packaging configuration inside of an approved outer container as listed in PA-RD-01022. The A426-1000 is shaped like a slip lid container, made of 316L stainless steel, and utilizes a smooth, threaded lid with a silicone O-ring for closure and containment. This container both lid and body is machined out of one billet piece of 316L stainless steel with no welds. See Figure 1 and Table 1 for a summary of the container specifications. For more details on the container design, see Section 1.4.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2026

Water-Resistant Container Testing: A426-7, A426-25, and A426-50 Container Designs

The purpose of this report is to detail the results of water ingress testing conducted on the A426-7, A426-25, and A426-50 Mini-Pot container designs and discuss these results against the water-resistant container requirements of TA55-AP-522 and PA-RD-01009. The A426 design series is a proposed commercially off the shelf inner container option for material storage inside of a glovebox and/or as an approved nonhermetically sealed inner of an approved packaging configuration inside of an approved outer container as listed in PA-RD-01022. The A426-25 and A426-50 are shaped similar to an ointment jar, made of 316L stainless steel, and utilize a threaded lid for closure and containment. The A426-7 container is shaped similar to a vial, made of 316L stainless steel, and utilizes a threaded lid for closure and containment. See Figure 1 and Table 1-3 for a summary of the container specifications. For more details on the container design, see Section 1.4.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Evaluating Probability of Containment Effectiveness at a GCS Sites using integrated assessment modeling approach with Bayesian decision Networks

Improved scientific and engineering understanding of the behavior of geologic CO2 storage together with established regulatory framework and incentive structures raise the prospects for accelerated, large-scale deployment of this greenhouse gas emissions reduction approach. Incentive structures call for the establishment of appropriate verification and accounting approaches to support claims of the integrity of a geologic storage complex and to justify taking credit for long-term storage. In this study, we present a framework for assessing the probability of containment effectiveness over the lifetime of a geologic carbon storage site (e.g., after 70 years of injection and post-injection site performance) using forward stochastic model realizations based on site characterization data and using a monitoring-informed Bayesian network based on hypothetical detectability from surface seismic surveys over the site injection and post-injection phases. The National Risk Assessment Partnership’s open-source Integrated Assessment Model (NRAP-Open-IAM) was utilized to develop an ensemble of 10,000 a priori stochastic forecasts of CO2 containment. Those simulations were used to train the Bayesian network model to estimate the prior probabilities of the CO2 leakage mass into overlying, monitorable aquifers considering the uncertainties in the reservoir properties, permeability of potentially leaky wells and the overlying aquifers. The conditional probabilities in the Bayesian network were either learned from the NRAP-Open-IAM simulations or derived from the predefined detection thresholds for the monitoring method. Observations obtained from monitoring, over time during the site operation phases were then used to generate updated posterior probabilities of containment (and any loss from containment) in the Bayesian network by propagating the prior probabilities through the conditional probabilities. We demonstrate how to construct and use the Bayesian network for verifying the long-term storage complex effectiveness informed by monitoring based on the NRAP-Open-IAM simulations previously developed for the FutureGen 2.0 site. This approach may have relevance for stake holders to demonstrate secure geologic storage, provide a defensible, probabilistic approach to claim credit for geologic storage, and to estimate the likelihood that any fraction of the claimed credit may need to be refunded to the creditor based on available monitoring information.

Bayesian network, Risk assessment, Monitoring, car↗
DOE OSTI2014

Evaluating the Effects of Aluminum-Containing and Non-Aluminum Containing Deodorants on Axillary Skin Toxicity During Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer: A 3-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose: Deodorant use during radiation therapy for breast cancer has been controversial as there are concerns deodorant use may exacerbate axillary skin toxicity. The present study prospectively determined the use of both aluminum-containing and non aluminum containing deodorants on axillary skin toxicity during conventionally fractionated postoperative radiation therapy for breast cancer. Methods and Materials: This 3-arm randomized controlled study was conducted at a single center, tertiary cancer hospital between March 2011 and April 2013. Participants were randomized to 1 of 2 experimental groups (aluminum-containing deodorant and soap or non–aluminum containing deodorant and soap) or a control group (soap). A total of 333 participants were randomized. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate and compare the odds of experiencing high levels of sweating and skin toxicity in each of the deodorant groups to the odds in the control group. The study evaluated a range of endpoints including objective measurements of axilla sweating, skin toxicity, pain, itch and burning. Quality of life was assessed with a validated questionnaire. Results: Radiation characteristics were similar across all groups. Patients in the deodorant groups did not report significantly different ratings for axillary pain, itch, or burning compared with the control group. Patients in the aluminum-containing deodorant group experienced significantly less sweating than the control; the odds of their sweating being barely tolerable and frequently or always interfering with their daily activities was decreased by 85% (odds ratio, 0.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.91). Conclusions: We found no evidence that the use of either aluminum-containing or non–aluminum containing deodorant adversely effects axillary skin reaction during conventionally fractionated radiation therapy for breast cancer. Our analysis also suggests patients in the aluminum-containing deodorant arm had significantly less sweating without increased symptoms of axillary radiation skin toxicity. These results add to the evidence that the prescription of deodorants during radiation therapy for breast cancer is now questionable.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Comparative Approach for Evaluating the Containment Performance of Legacy NM Storage Containers

Many different types of nuclear material storage containers are used throughout TA-55 and specifically PF-4, in some instances these containers are used outside of engineering control barriers in most cases these barriers are gloveboxes. When a container is used outside of a glovebox or open front hood the container itself is relied upon as the primary engineering control barrier for the user. For this reason a process must be established in order to evaluate Non- Manual Compliant or NMC containers used outside of a glovebox in a comparative approach against Manual compliant containers. Legacy containers are typically understood to be non-standards packaged prior to 1998. For the purposes of this document “legacy” refers to any non-Manual compliant containers.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Summary Report on the Testing of Flow Formed 3013 Outer Containers Manufactured by Dynamic Flowform Inc. as a Supplement to SRS Requirement G-ESR-G000035 Item 7, Container Configuration

The following tests were conducted on containers and storage packages produced from components manufactured by Dynamic Flowform Inc. (DFF). 1) Burst, and 2) Drop. All of the tested containers exhibited burst pressures that were well in excess of the minimum specified design pressure. The tested storage packages remained leak-tight after being dropped from a height of nine meters. Test results demonstrate that the outer containers made from components manufactured by DFF are in compliance with requirements specified in DOE STD 3013 and G-ESR-G-00035. These containers are acceptable for use by LANL for the ARIES Oxide Production (OP) project. This report supplements the information submitted by LANL relative to item 7 previously approved in 2007 to meet the requirements outlined in G-ESR-G-00035. The outer containers, addressed by this report, were produced by DFF using a different manufacturing process than described in drawings and specifications in appendix A of G-ESR-G-00035. LANL is submitting this supplemental item 7 for approval to use the DFF containers for ARIES OP. The DFF containers will be limited to use with ARIES OP material meeting the innocuous definition as outlined in LA-UR-11-04417.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Water-Resistant Container Testing: 48 oz Bruntmor Container Design

The purpose of this report is to detail the results of water ingress testing conducted on the 48 oz Bruntmor container design and discuss these results against the water-resistant container requirements of TA55-AP 522 and PA-RD-01009. The 48 oz Bruntmor is a proposed commercially off the shelf inner container option for material storage inside of a glovebox and/or as an approved non-hermetically sealed inner of an approved packaging configuration inside of an approved outer container as listed in PA-RD-01022. The 48 oz Bruntmor is shaped like a slip lid container, made of 18-8 stainless steel, and utilizes a smooth, threaded lid with a silicone gasket for closure and containment. This container both lid and body is hot rolled out of 18-8 stainless steel with one seam weld on the body.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2015

The container database? life-cycle management of container inventories at the Hanford site - 15131

Since 2011 the Department of Energy (DOE) Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) and their contractor CH2M HILL Plateau Remediation Company (CH2M HILL) have worked together to develop a database that provides life-cycle management and control of all CH2M HILL-managed Department of Transportation (DOT) Type A and Industrial Packaging (IP) container assets at the Hanford Site. This powerful tool provides CH2M HILL with the capability to centrally manage container procurement specifications; maintenance requirements; certificates of conformance; certification and test reports; as-built drawings; and information on container status, location, and ownership; and any special characteristics of container assets. The database was originally developed to provide ready access to Type A and IP container supplier and manufacturer Certificates of Conformance (CoCs) and related certification documentation to support onsite shipments in compliance with the Hanford Site Wide Transportation Safety Document (TSD), DOE/RL-2001-0036, as well as regulatory or other requirements. The information is accessed through active links to these documents within the database itself. The database has grown to include links to external supplementary information to support onsite shipments, such as links to authorized tie downs for each package type, approved packaging and transportation commodities, and approved shipping authorizations, and packaging management procedures and checklists. The database is a living databank that is easily tailored to meet user- and site-specific needs as they are identified. It is currently being expanded to include the inventories of all Hanford contractors, as well as other packaging assets, such as specialty drums and packaging commodities. Each upgrade brings efficiencies and cost savings, not only in container inventory management, but also in the areas of work control, waste packaging, waste transportation, and regulatory compliance. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2014

Arginine-Containing Ligands Enhance H-2 Oxidation Catalyst Performance

In H2 fuel cells, performance depends on factors controlling turnover frequency and energy efficiency in the electrocatalytic oxidation of H2. Nature uses the hydrogenase enzymes to oxidize H2 at high turnover frequencies (up to 20,000 s-1) and low overpotentials (<100 mV), while the fastest synthetic catalyst reported to date only oxidizes H2 at 50 s-1 under 1 atm H2. Here we report a water-soluble complex incorporating the amino acid arginine, [NiII(PCy2NArg2)2]6+, that operates at 210 s-1 (180 mV overpotential) under 1 atm H2 and 144,000 s-1 (460 mV overpotential) under 133 atm H2. The complex functions from pH 0-14 with rates increasing at lower pH values. The arginine groups impart water solubility and play a critical role in enhancing turnover frequency, most consistent with an intramolecular Arg-Arg interaction that controls the structure of the catalyst active site. This work was funded by the Office of Science Early Career Research Program through the US DOE, BES (AD, WJS), and the Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US DOE, BES (JASR). PNNL is operated by Battelle for the US DOE.

amino acid catalyst↗
DOE OSTI2015

Synthesis and Protonation Studies of Molybdenum(0) Bis(dinitrogen) Complexes Supported by Diphosphine Ligands Containing Pendant Amines

A series of molybdenum bis(dinitrogen) complexes of the formula trans-Mo(N2)2(PEtNRPEt)2 (PEtNRPEt = Et2PCH2N(R)CH2Et2; R = phenyl (1), 2,6-difluorobenzyl (2), 3,5-difluorobenzyl (3), CH2CH2NMe2 (4), CH2-o-Py (5)) have been synthesized and characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. Protonation studies with stoichiometric amounts of triflic acid (HOTf) were performed and the the protonated products were characterized by NMR and in situ IR spectroscopic methods. Protonolysis experiments with excess triflic acid were conducted to test for the formation of ammonia from reduction of the dinitrogen ligands. This work was supported as part of the Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. S.L. was supported by the DOE Office of Science, Early Career Research Program through the Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for DOE.

ammonia↗
DOE OSTI2014

Synthesis and Reactivity of Tripodal Complexes Containing Pendant Bases

The synthesis of a new tripodal ligand family is reported, with tertiary-amine groups in the second-coordination sphere. The ligands are tris(amido)amine derivatives, with the pendant amines attached via a peptide coupling strategy. They were designed to be used in new catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), in which the pendant acid/base group could improve catalyst performance. Two members of the new ligand family were each metallated with Co(II) and Zn(II) to afford trigonal monopyramidal complexes. Reaction of the cobalt complexes, [Co(L)]-, with dioxygen reversibly generates a small amount of a Co(III)-superoxo species, which was characterized by EPR. Protonation of the zinc complex Zn[N{CH2CH2NC(O)CH2N(CH2Ph)2}3)-– ([Zn(TNBn)]-) with one equivalent of acid occurs with displacement and dissociation of an amide ligand. Addition of excess acid to the any of the complexes [M(L)]- results in complete proteolysis and formation of the ligands H3L. This decomposition limits the use of these complexes as catalysts for the ORR. An alternative ligand with two pyridyl arms was also prepared but could not be metallated. These studies highlight the importance of stability of the primary-coordination sphere of ORR electrocatalysts to both oxidative and acidic conditions. This research was supported as part of the Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences.

Blacquiere, Johanna M.↗