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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2019

Possible Mott transition in layered Sr 2 Mn 3 As 2 O 2 single crystals

Single crystals of Sr 2 Mn 3 As 2 O 2 have been grown for the first time, for which we show a possible layer-selective Mott insulator behavior. This compound stands out as a hybrid structure of MnO 2 and MnAs layers, analogously to the active CuO 2 and FeAs layers, respectively, in the cuprate and iron-based high-temperature superconductors. Electrical transport, neutron diffraction measurements, together with density functional theory calculations on Sr 2 Mn 3 As 2 O 2 single crystals converge toward a picture of independent magnetic order at T 1 ~ 79 K and T 2 ~ 360 K for the two Mn sublattices, with insulating behavior at odds with the metallic behavior predicted by calculations. Furthermore, our inelastic neutron-scattering studies of spin-wave dispersions for the Mn(1) sublattice reveal an effective magnetic exchange coupling of SJ ~ 3.7 meV. This is much smaller than those for the Mn(2) sublattice.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2011

Synthesis, Growth, Spectral and Optical Properties of Glycinyl Urea Single Crystal

Single crystals of Glycinyl Urea were grown from aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. The cell parameters of the grown crystals were estimated by Single X-ray diffraction studies. The functional groups present in the grown crystals were ascertained using FTIR spectrum analysis. UV-visible transmittance spectrum was recorded to study the optical transparency of the grown crystal. The non-linear optical property has been tested by Kurtz powder technique.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2016

Structure of Cs{sub 4}(HSO{sub 4}){sub 3}(H{sub 2}PO{sub 4}) single crystals

Single crystals of Cs{sub 4}(HSO{sub 4}){sub 3}(H{sub 2}PO{sub 4}) are synthesized and studied for the first time. The new compound is found in the course of studies of the phase diagram of the CsHSO{sub 4}–CsH{sub 2}PO{sub 4}–H{sub 2}O triple system. Data on the atomic crystal structure of single-crystalline and powder specimens, as well as on structural phase transitions, are obtained.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2016

Magnetic remanence in Yb{sub 14−x}RE{sub x}MnSb{sub 11} (RE=Tb, Dy, Ho) single crystals

Single crystals of Yb{sub 14−x}RE{sub x}MnSb{sub 11} (x~0.1, 0.4; RE = Tb, Dy, Ho) have been prepared as a solid solution by Sn flux reactions of the elements. They crystallize in the Ca{sub 14}AlSb{sub 11} structure type in the I4{sub 1}/acd space group. The RE{sup 3+}preferentially substitutes on the Yb(1) site which is the smallest volume Yb containing polyhedron. In the case of Ho{sup 3+}, a small amount of Ho{sup 3+} also substitutes on the Yb(4) site. The ferromagnetic ordering temperature of Yb{sub 14}MnSb{sub 11} is reduced from 53 K to 41 K as x increases and dependent on the identity of the RE. This is attributed to the reduction in carriers and reduced screening of the Mn{sup 2+} local moment. The effective moments, μ{sub eff,} agree well with the calculated moments assuming the RE substitutes as a trivalent cation. The largest coercive field is observed for RE = Dy (1000 Oe). For the maximum x of Yb{sub 14−x}RE{sub x}MnSb{sub 11} there are enough carriers for the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) mechanism of magnetic coupling via conduction electrons to still be valid in describing the ferromagnetic ordering. - Graphical abstract: Field dependent susceptibility loops revealed magnetic remanence in these materials, which has not been previously observed in Yb{sub 14}MnSb{sub 11} compounds. The coercive field increases with the strength of the paramagnetic moment for the substituting rare earth and the amount of the rare earth that is substituted. Display Omitted - Highlights: • Yb{sub 14−x}RE{sub x}MnSb{sub 11} (RE=Tb, Dy, & Ho) were synthesized with x~0.2 and x~0.4. • Tb, Dy, & Ho preferentially substitute on the Yb(1) site. • Samples with the largest x and largest RE moment have the largest coercive field. • There is a split between zero field cooled and field cooled susceptibility.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2011

Dielectric Studies on Swift Heavy Ions and Electron Irradiated Organic Single Crystal

Single crystals of 1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(4,N,N-dimethylamino phenyl)-2-propen-1-one were irradiated with 72 MeV swift heavy ions of C-12 with different fluencies 5x10{sup 11}, 1x10{sup 12} and electrons with energy 8 MeV for a dose of 2.25 kGy. The changes in the dielectric properties of these crystals have been studied. The study shows that the dielectric constant increases first and then decreases with the increase of fluence. This variation has been discussed and possible explanations are given. The variation of dielectric loss and the ac conductivity indicates that there is some structural modification within the crystal due to irradiation. The electron irradiation induced ionic polarizibility within the crystal along the electron path, which is reflected in increase in dielectric constant and hence the conductivity.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2012

A study on crystalline perfection, optical, dielectric, mechanical, laser damage threshold and NLO properties of glycine added potassium dihydrogen phosphate single crystals

Single crystals of glycine doped potassium dihydrogen phosphate have been grown by slow evaporation solution technique, slow cooling along with seed rotation and Sankaranaryanan-Ramasamy method. The size of the grown crystal in slow cooling method was 35x25x20 mm{sup 3} and in SR method it was 20 mm in diameter and 110 mm in length. The grown crystals were characterized by HRXRD, UV-Visible, dielectric, Vickers microhardness, laser damage threshold and SHG studies. The crystalline perfection of the grown crystals has been analyzed by high resolution X-ray diffraction. The transmittance of the grown crystals is 66%, 70%, and 77% respectively and all the crystals have good transparency in the entire visible region. The crystal grown by SR method glycine added KDP has much higher hardness value than other method grown crystals. Higher laser damage threshold was observed in SR method grown glycine added KDP crystal compared to SR method grown pure KDP crystal. The second harmonic generation efficiency of the glycine doped KDP is increased compared to pure KDP.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2012

The effect of 100 MeV oxygen ion on electrical and optical properties of nonlinear optical l-alanine sodium nitrate single crystals

Single crystals of nonlinear optical (NLO) L-alanine Sodium Nitrate (LASN) were grown by slow evaporation method. The grown crystals were irradiated by 100 MeV oxygen ions with the cumulative doses of 1Mrad, 6 Mrad and 10 Mrad. The dielectric properties, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and second harmonic generation (SHG) of the crystals were studied before and after irradiation. The dielectric constant was found to increase after irradiation. The DSC reveals that the melting point remains unaffected due to irradiation. The SHG efficiency of LASN was found to decrease with increase in radiation dose.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2013

Optical properties of Eu{sup 2+} doped antipervoskite fluoride single crystals

Single crystals of pure and Eu{sup 2+} doped LiBaF{sub 3} have been grown from melt by using a vertical Bridgman-Stockbarger method. Absorption and luminescence spectra for pure and rare-earth-doped LiBaF{sub 3} were studied. At ambient conditions the photoluminescence spectra consisted of sharp lines peaked at {approx}359 nm attributed to the {sup 6}P7/2{yields}{sup 8}S7/2 transitions in the 4f{sub 7} electronic configuration of Eu{sup 2+} and a broad band extending between 370 and 450 nm attributed to Eu{sup 2+} trapped exciton recombination. The effect of {sup 60}Co gamma irradiation has also been investigated.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2014

High field magnetotransport and point contact Andreev reflection measurements on CuCr{sub 2}Se{sub 4} and CuCr{sub 2}Se{sub 3}Br—Degenerate magnetic semiconductor single crystals

Single crystals of the metallically degenerate fully magnetic semiconductors CuCr{sub 2}Se{sub 4} and CuCr{sub 2}Se{sub 3}Br have been prepared by the Chemical Vapour Transport method, using either Se or Br as transport agents. The high-quality, millimetre-sized, octahedrally faceted, needle- and platelet-shaped crystals are characterised by means of high field magnetotransport (μ{sub 0}H≤ 14 T) and Point Contact Andreev Reflection. The relatively high spin polarisation observed |P|>0.56, together with the relatively low minority carrier effective mass of 0.25 m{sub e}, and long scattering time 10{sup −13} s, could poise these materials for integration in low- and close-to-room temperature minority injection bipolar heterojunction transistor demonstrations.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2014

Growth and characterization of lithium yttrium borate single crystals

Single crystals of 0.1% Ce doped Li{sub 6}Y(BO{sub 3}){sub 3} have been grown using the Czochralski technique. The photoluminescence study of these crystals shows a broad emission at ∼ 420 nm corresponding to Ce{sub 3+} emission from 5d→4f energy levels. The decay profile of this emission shows a fast response of ∼ 28 ns which is highly desirable for detector applications.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2014

Octahedral distortion induced magnetic anomalies in LaMn{sub 0.5}Co{sub 0.5}O{sub 3} single crystals

Single crystals of LaMn{sub 0.5}Co{sub 0.5}O{sub 3} belonging to the ferromagnetic-insulator and distorted perovskite class were grown using a four-mirror optical float zone furnace. The as-grown crystal crystallizes into an orthorhombic Pbnm structure. The spatially resolved 2D Raman scan reveals a strain-induced distribution of transition metal (TM)–oxygen (O) octahedral deformation in the as-grown crystal. A rigorous annealing process releases the strain, thereby generating homogeneous octahedral distortion. The octahedra tilt by reducing the bond angle TM-O-TM, resulting in a decline of the exchange energy in the annealed crystal. The critical behavior is investigated from the bulk magnetization. It is found that the ground state magnetic behavior assigned to the strain-free LaMn{sub 0.5}Co{sub 0.5}O{sub 3} crystal is of the 3D Heisenberg kind. Strain induces mean field-like interaction in some sites, and consequently, the critical exponents deviate from the 3D Heisenberg class in the as-grown crystal. The temperature-dependent Raman scattering study reveals strong spin-phonon coupling and the existence of two magnetic ground states in the same crystal.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Nucleation kinetics of urea succinic acid –ferroelectric single crystal

Single crystals of Urea Succinic Acid (USA) were grown by slow cooling technique. The crystalline system was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction. The metastable zonewidth were carried out for various temperatures i.e., 35°, 40°, 45° and 50°C. The induction period is experimentally determined and various nucleation parameters have been estimated.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Raman spectroscopic studies of Nd{sub 0.75}Sm{sub 0.25}GaO{sub 3} single crystals

Single crystals of Nd{sub 1-x}Sm{sub x}GaO{sub 3} (x= 0 and 0.25) were grown by a four mirror IR image furnace using floating zone technique. The crystals are characterized by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopic measurements. NGO adopts orthorhombic structure with Pbnm symmetry and samarium substituted compound also exhibited the same structure as that of the pristine compound without secondary phases. Polarized Raman spectra are measured at ambient temperature in a back scattering geometry. Spectra exhibit low intensity first-order Raman bands. In addition, several high intensity second-order Raman bands have been observed in the frequency range 2000 to 4000 cm{sup −1}.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2016

Spin reorientation transition in Sm{sub 0.5}Tb{sub 0.5}FeO{sub 3} orthoferrite single crystal

Single crystal of Sm{sub 0.5}Tb{sub 0.5}FeO{sub 3} was grown by an optical floating zone method. The spin reorientation transition behavior (Γ{sub 2} → Γ{sub 24} → Γ{sub 4}) is observed in the temperature range from 150 to 250 K. The dynamics of spin reorientation transition is studied by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). FM mode was only discovered when temperature is below 55 K. And the FM mode resonant frequency increases from 0.216 THz to 0.268 THz with temperature deceasing from 55 K to 39 K. The AFM mode resonant frequency is fixed at 0.542 THz except in the very low temperature range. Our results demonstrate that THz-TDS is an effective means to study the dynamical iron ions SRT in RFeO{sub 3}.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1985

Creep-fatigue behavior of NiCoCrAlY coated PWA 1480 superalloy single crystals

Single crystal specimens of a Ni base superalloy, PWA 1480, with a low pressure plasma sprayed NiCoCrAlY coating were tested in various 0.1 Hz fatigue and creep fatigue cycles both at 1015 and 1050 C. Creep fatigue tests of the cp, pc, and cc types were conducted with various constant total strain ranges employing creep dwells at various constant stresses. Considerable cyclic softening occurred as was evidenced particularly by rapidly increasing creep rates in the creep fatigue tests. The cycle time in the creep fatigue tests typically decreased by more than 80 percent at 0.5 N sub f. Though cyclic life did correlate with delta epsilon sub in a better correlation existed with sub f for both the fatigue and creep fatigue tests, and poor correlations were observed with either sigma sub max or the average cycle time. A model containing both delta sigma and delta sigma (sub in), N sub f = alpha delta sigma (sub in) beta delta sigma gamma, with best fit values of sigma for each cycle type, but the same values of beta and gamam, was found to provide good correlations. Life lines were not greatly different among the cycle types, differing only by a factor of about three. The cp cycle life line was lowest for both test temperatures, however among the other three cycle types there was no consistent ranking. For all test types failure occurred predominately by multiple internal cracking originating at pores. The strong correlation of life with delta sigma may reflect a significant crack growth period in the life of the specimens.

Miner, R. V.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Creep-fatigue behavior of NiCoCrAlY coated PWA 1480 superalloy single crystals

Single crystal specimens of a Ni base superalloy, PWA 1480, with a low pressure plasma sprayed NiCoCrAlY coating were tested in various 0.1 Hz fatigue and creep fatigue cycles both at 1015 and 1050 C. Creep fatigue tests of the cp, pc, and cc types were conducted with various constant total strain ranges employing creep dwells at various constant stresses. Considerable cyclic softening occurred as was evidenced particularly by rapidly increasing creep rates in the creep fatigue tests. The cycle time in the creep fatigue tests typically decreased by more than 80 percent at 0.5 N sub f. Though cyclic life did correlate with delta epsilon sub in a better correlation existed with sub f for both the fatigue and creep fatigue tests, and poor correlations were observed with either sigma sub max or the average cycle time. A model containing both delta sigma and delta sigma (sub in), N sub f = alpha delta sigma (sub in) beta delta sigma gamma, with best fit values of sigma for each cycle type, but the same values of beta and gamam, was found to provide good correlations. Life lines were not greatly different among the cycle types, differing only by a factor of about three. The cp cycle life line was lowest for both test temperatures, however among the other three cycle types there was no consistent ranking. For all test types failure occurred predominately by multiple internal cracking originating at pores. The strong correlation of life with delta sigma may reflect a significant crack growth period in the life of the specimens.

Miner, R. V.↗
NASA NTRS1992

On the growth of Hg2Cl(1-x)2Br(x2) single crystals

Single crystals of mixed mercurous halides Hg2X2 (where X = Cl and Br) were grown by the physical vapor transport process. Structural parameters and optical properties were determined to examine the suitability of mixed crystals for acoustooptic devices. Mixed crystals grown in the low concentration region did not show striations or banding. Crystals grown in the high concentration region showed considerable inhomogeneity in the refractive index. Since we had used identical thermal conditions, inhomogeneity was attributed to the solutal convection caused by the difference in densities of mercurous chloride and bromide vapors. A low concentration of dopant did not change the acoustic velocity of the parent components.

Singh, N. B.↗