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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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DOE OSTI2021

Measurement of beauty and charm production in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV via non-prompt and prompt D mesons

The pT-differential production cross sections of prompt and non-prompt (produced in beauty-hadron decays) D mesons were measured by the ALICE experiment at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) in proton-proton collisions at s√ = 5.02 TeV. The data sample used in the analysis corresponds to an integrated luminosity of (19.3 ± 0.4) nb -1 . D mesons were reconstructed from their decays D 0 → K - π + , D + → K - π + π + , and D$^+_s$→ φπ + → K - K + π + and their charge conjugates. Compared to previous measurements in the same rapidity region, the cross sections of prompt D + and D$^+_s$ mesons have an extended pT coverage and total uncertainties reduced by a factor ranging from 1.05 to 1.6, depending on pT, allowing for a more precise determination of their pT-integrated cross sections. The results are well described by perturbative QCD calculations. The fragmentation fraction of heavy quarks to strange mesons divided by the one to non-strange mesons, f s /(f u + f d ), is compatible for charm and beauty quarks and with previous measurements at different centre-of-mass energies and collision systems. The $b\bar{b}$ production cross section per rapidity unit at midrapidity, estimated from non-prompt D-meson measurements, is d$σ_{b\bar{b}}$/d$y$| |y|<0.5 = $34.5 ± 2.4(stat)^{+4.7}_{-2.9}$(tot.syst) μb. It is compatible with previous measurements at the same centre-of-mass energy and with the cross section pre- dicted by perturbative QCD calculations.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

D K scattering and the D$_s$ spectrum from lattice QCD

We present results from Lattice QCD calculations of the low-lying charmed-strange meson spectrum using two types of Clover-Wilson lattices. In addition to quark-antiquark interpolating fields we also consider meson-meson interpolators corresponding to D-meson kaon scattering states. To calculate the all-to-all propagation necessary for the backtracking loops we use the (stochastic) distillation technique. For the charm quark we use the Fermilab method. Results for the $J^P=0^+$ $D_{s0}^*(2317)$ charmed-strange meson are presented.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Search for a hidden strange baryon-meson bound state from Φ production in a nuclear medium

We investigate the hidden strange light baryon-meson system. With the resonating-group method, two bound states, η'-N and Φ-N, are found in the quark delocalization color screening model. Focusing on the Φ-N bound state around 1950 MeV, we obtain the total decay width of about 4 MeV by calculating the phase shifts in the resonance scattering processes. To study the feasibility of an experimental search for the Φ-N bound state, we perform a Monte Carlo simulation of the bound state production with an electron beam and a gold target. In the simulation, we use the CLAS12 detector with the Forward Tagger and the BONUS12 detector in Hall B at Jefferson Lab. Both the signal and the background channels are estimated. We demonstrate that the signal events can be separated from the background with some momentum cuts. Therefore it is feasible to experimentally search for the Φ-N bound state through the near threshold Φ meson production from heavy nuclei.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Charm quark system at the physical point of 2+1 flavor lattice QCD

We investigate the charm quark system using the relativistic heavy quark action on 2+1 flavor PACS-CS configurations previously generated on 32{sup 3}x64 lattice. The dynamical up, down, and strange quark masses are set to the physical values by using the technique of reweighting to shift the quark-hopping parameters from the values employed in the configuration generation. At the physical point, the lattice spacing equals a{sup -1}=2.194(10) GeV and the spatial extent L=2.88(1) fm. The charm quark mass is determined by the spin-averaged mass of the 1S charmonium state, from which we obtain m{sub charm}{sup MS}({mu}=m{sub charm}{sup MS})=1.260(1)(6)(35) GeV, where the errors are due to our statistics, scale determination and renormalization factor. An additional systematic error from the heavy quark is of order {alpha}{sub s}{sup 2}f(m{sub Q}a)(a{Lambda}{sub QCD}), f(m{sub Q}a)(a{Lambda}{sub QCD}){sup 2}, which are estimated to be a percent level if the factor f(m{sub Q}a) analytic in m{sub Q}a is of order unity. Our results for the charmed and charmed-strange meson decay constants are f{sub D}=226(6)(1)(5) MeV, f{sub D{sub s}}=257(2)(1)(5) MeV, again up to the heavy quark errors of order {alpha}{sub s}{sup 2}f(m{sub Q}a)(a{Lambda}{sub QCD}), f(m{sub Q}a)(a{Lambda}{sub QCD}){sup 2}. Combined with the CLEO values for the leptonic decay widths, these values yield |V{sub cd}|=0.205(6)(1)(5)(9), |V{sub cs}|=1.00(1)(1)(3)(3), where the last error is because of the experimental uncertainty of the decay widths.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Test of lepton universality in beauty-quark decays

The standard model of particle physics currently provides our best description of fundamental particles and their interactions. The theory predicts that the different charged leptons, the electron, muon and tau, have identical electroweak interaction strengths. Previous measurements have shown that a wide range of particle decays are consistent with this principle of lepton universality. This article presents evidence for the breaking of lepton universality in beauty-quark decays, with a significance of 3.1 standard deviations, based on proton–proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider. The measurements are of processes in which a beauty meson transforms into a strange meson with the emission of either an electron and a positron, or a muon and an antimuon. If confirmed by future measurements, this violation of lepton universality would imply physics beyond the standard model, such as a new fundamental interaction between quarks and leptons.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Semileptonic B and B{sub s} decays into orbitally excited charmed mesons

The BABAR Collaboration has recently reported products of branching fractions that include B meson semileptonic decays into final states with charged and neutral D{sub 1}(2420) and D{sub 2}*(2460), two narrow orbitally excited charmed mesons. We evaluate these branching fractions, together with those concerning D{sub 0}*(2400) and D{sub 1}{sup '}(2430) mesons, within the framework of a constituent quark model. The calculation is performed in two steps, one of which involves a semileptonic decay and the other is mediated by a strong process. Our results are in agreement with the experimental data. We also extend the study to semileptonic decays of B{sub s} into orbitally excited charmed-strange mesons, providing predictions to the possible measurements to be carried out at LHC.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Positive Parity $D_s$ Mesons

We study the positive parity charmed strange mesons using lattice QCD, the only reliable ab initio method to study QCD at low energies. Especially the experimentally observed $D_{s0}^*(2317)$ and $D_{s1}(2460)$ have challenged theory for quite some time. The dynamical lattice QCD simulations are performed at two distinct pion masses, $m_{\pi}$ = 266 MeV and 156 MeV, using both $\bar{c}s$ as well as $DK$ and $D^*K$ scattering operators in the construction of the correlation matrix in order to take into the account threshold effects. While the $J^P = 0^+$ channel benefited most from the inclusion of scattering operators, it was also crucial for the case of the $D_{s1}(2460)$. Using the L\"uscher method, which relates the finite volume spectrum to the infinite volume scattering matrix, we were able to determine the near threshold behavior of the scattering amplitude. From it we extracted the binding momenta and the masses of the below-threshold bound states $D_{s0}^*(2317)$ and $D_{s1}(2460)$ by determining the pole positions of the scattering amplitudes. Our results compare well with experiment, resolving a long standing discrepancy between theory and experiment.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Different Contributions of the {phi}{yields}K{sup 0}K-bar{sup 0}{gamma} Decay

The scalar mesons and vector mesons contribution to the radiative decay {phi}{yields}K{sup 0}K-bar{sup 0}{gamma} are studied within the framework of the phenomenological approach. The branching ratio of this decay is calculated to be 10{sup -8}-10{sup -12}. Furthermore, obtained values are compared with the experimental and theoretical results existing in the literature.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Centrality and transverse-momentum dependence of higher-order flow harmonics of identified hadrons in Au+Au collisions at s N N = 200 GeV

Here we present high-precision measurements of elliptic, triangular, and quadrangular flow v 2 , v 3 , and v 4 , respectively, at midrapidity for identified hadrons π, p, K, φ, K s , Λ as a function of centrality and transverse momentum in Au+Au collisions at the center-of-mass energy √ s NN = 200 GeV. We observe similar v n trends between light and strange mesons which indicates that the heavier strange quarks flow as strongly as the lighter up and down quarks. The number-of-constituent-quark scaling for v 2 , v 3 , and v 4 is found to hold within statistical uncertainty for 0–10%, 10–40%, and 40–80% collision centrality intervals. The results are compared to several viscous hydrodynamic calculations with varying initial conditions, and could serve as an additional constraint to the development of hydrodynamic models.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Effects of the σ{sup ∗} and ϕ Mesons on the Properties of Massive Protoneutron Stars

The properties of massive neutron stars and protoneutron stars are studied in this work in the framework of relativistic mean-field theory. For certain choices of coupling parameters, a two-solar mass cold neutron star is obtained in the presence of hyperons, taking into account the influence of σ{sup ∗} and ϕ mesons. The model for the coupling parameters is then extrapolated to study the effects of σ{sup ∗} and ϕ mesons on the properties of massive protoneutron stars in different evolutionary stages. The coupling constants are determined by two different methods, and their corresponding influence on the equation of state, mass, radius, and temperature is studied. The effect of the strange mesons is different at different evolution stages of the neutron star. The properties of a protoneutron star corresponding to the mass of PSR J0348+0432 are also presented.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Observation of the Rare Decay B+ \to K+pi0pi0 and Measurement of the Quasi-two Body Contributions B+ \to K*(892)+pi0, B+ \to f0(980)K+ and B+ \to chic0K+

We report an analysis of charmless hadronic decays of charged B mesons to the final state K{sup +}{pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}, using a data sample of (470.9 {+-} 2.8) x 10{sup 6} B{bar B} events collected with the BABAR detector at the {Gamma}(4S) resonance. We observe an excess of signal events, with a significance above 10 standard deviations including systematic uncertainties, and measure the branching fraction and CP asymmetry to be {Beta}(B{sup +} {yields} K{sup +}{pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}) = (16.2 {+-} 1.2 {+-} 1.5) x 10{sup -6} and A{sub CP}(B{sup +} {yields} K{sup +}{pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}) = -0.06 {+-} 0.06 {+-} 0.04, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. Additionally, we study the contributions of the B{sup +} {yields} K{sup +}(892){sup +}{pi}{sup 0}, B{sup +} {yields} f{sub 0}(980)K{sup +}, and B{sup +} {yields} {chi}{sub c0}K{sup +} quasi-two-body decays. We report the world's best measurements of the branching fraction and CP asymmetry of the B{sup +} {yields} K{sup +}{pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0} and B{sup +} {yields} K{sup +}(892){sup +}{pi}{sup 0} channels.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Tensor meson contribution to {gamma}p {yields} K{sup +}{Lambda}({Sigma};{sup 0}) at high energies

The role of the tensor meson K{sub 2}*(1430) exchange is investigated in the kaon photoproduction within the Regge framework. Inclusion of the K{sub 2}* exchange with the meson-baryon coupling constants chosen from the SU(3) symmetry reproduces the cross sections in good agreement with the experimental data. This shows the importance of the tensor meson exchange in the present process.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗