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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2019

Deep inelastic scattering from A = 3 nuclei: Nucleon structure and the EMC effect

The MARATHON experiment ran at Jefferson Laboratory in 2018, measuring deep inelastic scattering of 10.6 GeV electrons from the proton (p), deuterium (D), tritium ( 3 H), and helium-3 ( 3 He). MARATHON's experimental observables are cross section ratios, most notably 3 H/ 3 He. This ratio of mirror nuclei is used for a novel extraction of the nucleon structure function ratio $F^n_2$ /$F^p_2$ with minimal nuclear corrections. Determining leading-order $F^n_2$ /$F^p_2$ at high x provides important constrains on the ratio of nucleon valence quark distributions d/u. The ratios 3 H/D and 3 He/D allow a determination of the EMC effect in the lightest nuclei sensitive to possible isospin dependence of nuclear effects. Lastly, the D/p ratio allows a comparison of the MARATHON experiment to SLAC measurements, and provides data to which the A = 3 ratios can be renormalized. The MARATHON results provide new constraints on d/u. Additionally, the results emphasize the importance of higher-order effects in extracting $F^n_2$ /$F^p_2$ from DIS measurements, and can help constrain said effects. In the renormalization scheme applied in the MARATHON analysis, no significant isospin dependence of the EMC effect is observed.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Nucleon Structure from Lattice QCD Calculations

Parton distribution and correlation functions describe the relation between a hadron and the quarks and gluons (or collectively, the partons) within it, and carry rich information on hadron’s partonic structure that cannot be calculated by QCD perturbation theory. In this talk, I will review what lattice QCD can and cannot do for calculating the parton distribution and correlation functions, and the new ideas and efforts around the world to explore nucleon structure from lattice QCD calculations by combining the strength of both lattice QCD and perturbative QCD in such a way that is complementary to our on-going effort to extract these fundamental functions from experimental data.

Qiu, Jian-Wei↗
DOE OSTI2017

EIC in the US: Status of the Project and Outlook of the 3D Nucleon Structure Program

The interior landscape of nucleons includes a strong-force driven sea of quarks, antiquarks and gluons, with a net surplus of a few ever-present valence quarks. In order to understand how the properties and structure of all forms of nuclear matter emerge from the dynamics of QCD, it is essential to precisely image the gluons and quarks, and to understand the role they and their interactions play in nucleons and nuclei. For this, a new accelerator facility is required, the Electron-Ion Collider, to match the valence quark studies of the upgraded Jefferson Lab. Such a future facility would be the world's first polarized electron-proton collider, and the world's first e-A collider. The science foreseen at and the status of such a future US-based polarized Electron-Ion Collider will be presented.

Ent, Rolf↗
DOE OSTI2015

Disconnected Quark Loop Contributions to Nucleon Structure

We calculate the disconnected contribution to isoscalar nucleon charges for scalar, axial and tensor channels of light and strange quarks. The calculation has been done with the Clover valence quarks on the MILC N f = 2+1+1 HISQ lattices whose light quark masses corresponding to the pion masses of 305MeV and 217MeV at a ≈ 0:12fm and 312MeV at a ≈ 0:09fm. All-modeaveraging technique is used for the evaluation two-point functions. Disconnected quark loops are estimated by using the truncated solver method with Gaussian random noise sources. Contamination from the excited states is removed by fitting the results of various source-sink separations and operator insertions to the formula including up to the first excited state, simultaneously.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Exploring Meson and Nucleon Structure with Tagged Structure Functions

Novel tagged beam and target techniques are being developed to create effective neutron, pion, and other targets from nucleon and nuclear targets and beams. The effective meson targets in particular open the opportunity to uniquely probe the structure and composition of mesons and the nucleon sea. This talk will discuss some results from the 6 GeV era at Jefferson Lab, approved and possible tagged deep inelastic scattering experiments at Jefferson Lab in the 12 GeV era, and look forward also to potential tagged experiments at the Electron Ion Collider.

Keppel, Cynthia↗
DOE OSTI2017

Insights into nucleon structure from parton distributions

We review recent progress in understanding the substructure of the nucleon from global QCD analysis of parton distribution functions (PDFs). New high-precision data onW-boson production in p ¯ p collisions have significantly reduced the uncertainty on the d=u PDF ratio at large values of x, indirectly constraining models of the medium modification of bound nucleons. Drell-Yan data from pp and pd scattering reveal new information on the d¯-u¯ asymmetry, clarifying the role of chiral symmetry breaking in the nucleon. In the strange sector, a new chiral SU(3) analysis finds a valence-like component of the strange-quark PDF, giving rise to a nontrivial s- ¯ s asymmetry at moderate x values. We also review recent analyses of charm in the nucleon, which have found conflicting indications of the size of the nonperturbative charm component.

Melnitchouk, Wally↗
DOE OSTI2019

Measurements of Nonsinglet Moments of the Nucleon Structure Functions and Comparison to Predictions from Lattice QCD for Q 2 = 4 GeV 2

We present extractions of the nucleon non-singlet moments utilizing new precision data on the deuteron F 2 structure function at large Bjorken-x determined via the Rosenbluth separation technique at Jefferson Lab Experimental Hall C. These new data are combined with a complementary set of data on the proton previously measured in Hall C at similar kinematics and world data sets on the proton and deuteron at lower x measured at SLAC and CERN. The new Jefferson Lab data provide coverage of the upper third of the x range, crucial for precision determination of the higher moments. In contrast to previous extractions, these moments have been corrected for nuclear effects in the deuteron using a new global fit to the deuteron and proton data. The obtained experimental moments represent an order of magnitude improvement in precision over previous extractions using high x data. Furthermore, recent exciting developments in Lattice QCD calculations provide a first ever comparison of these new experimental results with calculations of moments carried out at the physical pion mass, as well as an innovative approach which first calculates the quark distributions directly before determining moments.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Nucleon Structure Studies through Timelike Compton Scattering

Hard exclusive processes have emerged as a class of reactions providing novel information on the quark and gluon distributions in hadrons. Factorization theorems allow one to express amplitudes of these processes in terms of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs). Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) has been the focus of interest as it provides the cleanest tool for accessing the quark GPDs of the nucleon. Time-like DVCS, also known as Time-like Compton Scattering (TCS), is the inverse process to space-like DVCS that can be probed through the photoproduction of lepton pairs. TCS can be an effective tool for studying the real part of the Compton amplitude. Combining space-like and time-like data thus makes it possible to test the universality of GPDs. The first studies of TCS using real tagged and quasi-real untagged photons were performed at Jefferson Lab 6 GeV. In this talk we will present preliminary results on angular asymmetries and extraction of the real part of Compton form-factors. We will also discuss future plans for di-lepton production in the Jefferson Lab 12-GeV era.

Albayrak, Ibrahim↗
DOE OSTI2013

The Jefferson Lab 12 GeV program on nucleon structure

This slide-show presents the experiments planned at JLab with their 12 GeV upgrade. Experiments reported address: the use of hadron spectra as probes of QCD; the transverse structure of hadrons; the longitudinal structure of hadrons; the 3-dimensional structure of hadrons; hadrons and cold nuclear matter; and low-energy tests of the Standard Model and fundamental symmetries.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗