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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1972

Human responses to electricity: A literature review

An extensive review of literature on research concerning biomedical sensors is presented for establishing standards for current limiting devices. The physiological and pathological responses of the human, when exposed to electricity are reported including the thresholds: for perception of electricity, pain by electric current, induction of muscular contraction by electric shock, and ventricular fibrillation. The passive electrical properties of cells and tissues are also reported.

Turner, H. S.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Aircraft noise induced building vibration and effects on human response

The acoustic loads resulting from aircraft noise and sonic booms which can induce vibration in the structure and result in radiation of noise into its interior, rattling of items in contact with the structure, and the perception of the inhabitants that the structure is vibrating, are investigated. In particular, the response of buildings, particularly residential structures, to aircraft noise and the resulting effects on human response have been the subjects of considerable research at the NASA Langley Research Center. These studies are reviewed with particular emphasis on the response of houses to aircraft overflight noise and any increase in noise annoyance caused by the perception of vibration and rattling.

Powell, Clemans A.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Overview of NASA human response to sonic boom program

For some routes the ability to fly at supersonic speeds over land as well as over water would greatly enhance the time benefit to the passenger. It would also increase the productivity and economic viability of the aircraft. There are no reliable guidelines which can be used to determine a sonic boom exposure which would be acceptable for overland supersonic flight. In addition to the peak pressure of the sonic boom, the detailed shape of the signature will also influence the perception, and therefore the community response, to sonic boom exposures. Initially, the program aims to develop the capability to predict human response to individual sonic booms. This will enable a quantitative assessment of the benefit of 'low boom' aircraft configurations and will also serve to guide the design of the aircraft and its operating conditions. This capability will form the foundation of studies to determine the relationship between sonic boom exposure and community response. Only then will it be possible to assess the feasibility of acceptable overland supersonic flight.

Shepherd, Kevin P.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Human Response to Aircraft-Noise-Induced Building Vibration

The effects of noise induced building structure vibration and the rattle of objects on human response to aircraft flyover noise were investigated in a series of studies conducted in both the field and the laboratory. The subjective detection thresholds for vibration and rattle were determined as well as the effect of vibration and rattle upon aircraft noise annoyance.

Cawthorn, J. M.↗
NASA NTRS1988

An adaptive human response mechanism controlling the V/STOL aircraft. Appendix 3: The adaptive control model of a pilot in V/STOL aircraft control loops

Importance of the role of human operator in control systems has led to the particular area of manual control theory. Human describing functions were developed to model human behavior for manual control studies to take advantage of the successful and safe human operations. A single variable approach is presented that can be extended for multi-variable tasks where a low order human response model is used together with its rules, to adapt the model on-line, being capable of responding to the changes in the controlled element dynamics. Basic control theory concepts are used to combine the model, constrained with the physical observations, particularly, for the case of aircraft control. Pilot experience is represented as the initial model parameters. An adaptive root-locus method is presented as the adaptation law of the model where the closed loop bandwidth of the system is to be preserved in a stable manner with the adjustments of the pilot handling qualities which relate the latter to the closed loop bandwidth and damping of the closed loop pilot aircraft combination. A Kalman filter parameter estimator is presented as the controlled element identifier of the adaptive model where any discrepancies of the open loop dynamics from the presented one, are sensed to be compensated.

Kucuk, Senol↗
NASA NTRS1975

Analysis of proposed criteria for human response to vibration

The development of criteria for human vibration response is reviewed, including the evolution of the ISO standard 2631. The document is analyzed to show why its application to vehicle ride evaluation is strongly opposed. Alternative vertical horizontal limits for comfort are recommended in the ground vehicle ride frequency range above 1 Hz. These values are derived by correlating the absorbed power findings of Pradko and Lee with other established criteria. Special emphasis is placed on working limits in the frequency range of 1 to 10 Hz since this is the most significant area in ground vehicle ride evaluation.

Janeway, R. N.↗
NASA NTRS2015

A Method for Simulation of Rotorcraft Fly-In Noise for Human Response Studies

The low frequency content of rotorcraft noise allows it to be heard over great distances. This factor contributes to the disruption of natural quiet in national parks and wilderness areas, and can lead to annoyance in populated areas. Further, it can result in detection at greater distances compared to higher altitude fixed wing aircraft operations. Human response studies conducted in the field are made difficult since test conditions are difficult to control. Specifically, compared to fixed wing aircraft, the source noise itself may significantly vary over time even for nominally steady flight conditions, and the propagation of that noise is more variable due to low altitude meteorological conditions. However, it is possible to create the salient features of rotorcraft fly-in noise in a more controlled laboratory setting through recent advancements made in source noise synthesis, propagation modeling and reproduction. This paper concentrates on the first two of these. In particular, the rotorcraft source noise pressure time history is generated using single blade passage signatures from the main and tail rotors. These may be obtained from either acoustic source noise predictions or back-propagation of ground-based measurements. Propagation effects include atmospheric absorption, spreading loss, Doppler shift, and ground plane reflections.

Rizzi, Stephen A.↗
NASA NTRS1973

A new field-laboratory methodology for assessing human response to noise

Gross measures of community annoyance with intrusive noises have been made in a number of real environment surveys which indicate that aircraft noise may have to be reduced 30-40 EPNdb before it will generally be considered acceptable. Interview studies, however, cannot provide the precise information which is needed by noise abatement engineers of the variable human response to different types and degrees of noise exposure. A new methodological field-survey approach has been developed to provide such information. The integrated attitudes and experiences of a random sample of subjects in the real environment are obtained by a prior field survey. Then these subjects record their more precise responses to controlled noise exposures in a new realistic laboratory. The laboratory is a sound chamber furnished as a typical living room (18 ft x 14 ft) and subjects watch a color TV program while they judge simulated aircraft flyovers that occur at controlled levels and intervals. Methodological experiments indicate that subjects in the laboratory have the sensation that the airplanes are actually moving overhead across the ceiling of the chamber. It was also determined that annoyance judgments in the laboratory stabilize after three flyovers are heard prior to a judgment of annoyance.

Borsky, P. N.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

On the Notional Impact of Background Noise on the Human Response to UAVs

Proponents of UAV-based industries would like to think that their aircraft will be incapable of causing annoyance (among other negative responses) in the communities that they serve due to the noise of their vehicles simply not being heard over the existing soundscape. No measures of noise that are in wide use today for aviation take background sound into consideration, and thus would not predict this outcome. This work is an attempt to bridge this gap by looking at past results from psychoacoustic research in which background sounds appear to play a significant role (not just for aviation sources). It includes information on the problem of human auditory detection in general – what is the transductive mechanism of the ear, how does one quantify detectability, etc., and it attempts to make the connection between detectability and annoyance. A notional schematic version of how measures/predictions of these two aspects may be incorporated into a single assessment of noise is given. Overall, detectability is shown to be very complex to predict relative to conventional noise metrics that are used to correlate with human response. Given this, the outlook for the use of measures of detectability in scientific, industrial, and regulatory applications is discussed.

UAV↗