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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Analytic results for scalar-mediated Higgs boson production in association with two jets

Abstract We present compact analytic formulae for all one-loop amplitudes representing the production of a Higgs boson in association with two jets, mediated by a colour triplet scalar particle. Many of the integral coefficients present for scalar mediators are identical to the case when a massive fermion circulates in the loop, reflecting a close relationship between the two theories. The calculation is used to study Higgs boson production in association with two jets in a simplified supersymmetry (SUSY) scenario in which the dominant additional contributions arise from loops of top squarks. The results presented here facilitate an indirect search for top squarks in this channel, by a precision measurement of the corresponding cross section. However, we find that the potential for improved discrimination between the Standard Model and SUSY cases suggested by the pattern of results in the one- and two-jet samples is unlikely to be realized due to the loss in statistical power compared to an inclusive analysis.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Measurements of Higgs boson production in the decay channel with a pair of τ leptons in proton–proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV

Measurements of Higgs boson production, where the Higgs boson decays into a pair of τ leptons, are presented, using a sample of proton-proton collisions collected with the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of , corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb –1 . Three analyses are presented. Two are targeting Higgs boson production via gluon fusion and vector boson fusion: a neural network based analysis and an analysis based on an event categorization optimized on the ratio of signal over background events. These are complemented by an analysis targeting vector boson associated Higgs boson production. Results are presented in the form of signal strengths relative to the standard model predictions and products of cross sections and branching fraction to τ leptons, in up to 16 different kinematic regions. For the simultaneous measurements of the neural network based analysis and the analysis targeting vector boson associated Higgs boson production signal strengths are found to be 0.82 ± 0.11 for inclusive Higgs boson production, 0.67 ± 0.19 (0.81 ± 0.17) for the production mainly via gluon fusion (vector boson fusion), and 1.79 ± 0.45 for vector boson associated Higgs boson production.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Prospects for exotic h → 4 τ decays in single and di-Higgs boson production at the LHC and future hadron colliders

We study the prospects for observing exotic decays of the Standard Model Higgs boson h into light beyond the Standard Model scalars a with mass m a ≲ m h / 2 in the single Higgs and Higgs pair production channels at the high luminosity run of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). Discovery prospects for single Higgs production in the gluon-gluon fusion and vector boson fusion modes with the Higgs boson decaying via the exotic mode h → a a → 4 τ are analyzed at the HL-LHC. The projected sensitivity for exotic Higgs decays in the nonresonant Higgs pair production channel p p → h h → ( h → b b ¯ ) ( h → a a → 4 τ ) → 2 b 4 τ at the HL-LHC and a future s = 100 TeV hadron collider (FCC-hh) are also estimated. Furthermore, we study HL-LHC’s potential reach for the Higgs-strahlung process in the 2 b 4 τ channel, taking into account the contamination from nonresonant Higgs pair production. Finally, the potential reach for resonant Higgs pair production in the 2 b 4 τ channel at the HL-LHC is also explored for several choices of { m H , m a } . Our studies suggest that significant improvements over existing bounds are achievable in several production channels, motivating new dedicated searches for h → a a → 4 τ at the HL-LHC and future colliders. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Astronomy & Astrophysics↗
DOE OSTI2025

Search for triple Higgs boson production in the 6⁢𝑏 final state using 𝑝⁢𝑝 collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for the production of three Higgs bosons (𝐻⁡𝐻⁡𝐻) in the $b\bar{b}b\bar{b}b\bar{b}$ final state is presented. The search uses 126 fb −1 of proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ =13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis targets both nonresonant and resonant production of 𝐻⁡𝐻⁡𝐻. The resonant interpretations primarily consider a cascade decay topology of 𝑋 →𝑆⁢𝐻 → 𝐻⁡𝐻⁡𝐻 with masses of the new scalars 𝑋 and 𝑆 up to 1.5 and 1 TeV, respectively. In addition to scenarios where 𝑆 is off-shell, the nonresonant interpretation includes a search for Standard Model 𝐻⁡𝐻⁡𝐻 production, with limits on the trilinear and quartic Higgs self-coupling set. No evidence for 𝐻⁡𝐻⁡𝐻 production is observed. An upper limit of 59 fb is set, at the 95% confidence level, on the cross section for Standard Model 𝐻⁡𝐻⁡𝐻 production.

Artificial neural networks↗
DOE OSTI2025

Real singlet scalar benchmarks in the multi-TeV resonance regime

Scalar extensions of the Standard Model (SM) are of much interest at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and future colliders. In particular, these models can give rise to resonant di-Higgs production and alter the Higgs trilinear coupling. In this paper, we study di-Higgs production in the Standard Model extended by a real scalar singlet with no additional symmetries. We determine how large the resonant di-Higgs rate and variation in the Higgs trilinear coupling can be in four scenarios: current LHC results and projected results at the high luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), the HL-LHC combined with a circular 𝑒 − ⁢𝑒 + collider such as the Circular Electron Positron Collider or Future Circular Collider with electron-positron collisions, and the HL-LHC combined with a linear 𝑒 − ⁢𝑒 + collider such as the International Linear Collider. While these are updated results from a previous study by [I. M. Lewis and M. Sullivan, Benchmarks for double Higgs production in the singlet extended standard model at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 96, 035037 (2017).] using current LHC data, we go further and find benchmark points in the multi-TeV resonance regime for future colliders beyond the HL-LHC. Considering current LHC results, the resonant di-Higgs rate can still be an order of magnitude larger than the SM predicted di-Higgs rate. In the HL-LHC scenario, the Higgs trilinear coupling can still be a factor of three larger than the SM prediction for resonance masses in the 1.5–3.5 TeV range, where resonant searches may have less reach. This enhancement is just at the projected 2⁢𝜎 sensitivity of the HL-LHC. We find there are resonance masses for which the change in the Higgs trilinear is maximized while the resonant rate is negligible. We provide an analytical understanding of these effects with a discussion on the interplay of various constraints on the parameter space and the Higgs trilinear coupling.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Search for resonant pair production of Higgs bosons in the b b ¯ b b ¯ final state using p p collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for resonant Higgs boson pair production in the bb¯bb¯ final state is presented. The analysis uses 126 fb -1 -139 fb -1 of pp collision data at √s=13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis is divided into two channels, targeting Higgs boson decays which are reconstructed as pairs of small-radius jets or as individual large-radius jets. Spin-0 and spin-2 benchmark signal models are considered, both of which correspond to resonant HH production via gluon-gluon fusion. The data are consistent with Standard Model predictions. Upper limits are set on the production cross section times branching ratio to Higgs boson pairs of a new resonance in the mass range from 251 GeV to 5 TeV.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2021

A comparative study of Higgs boson production from vector-boson fusion

The data taken in Run II at the Large Hadron Collider have started to probe Higgs boson production at high transverse momentum. Future data will provide a large sample of events with boosted Higgs boson topologies, allowing for a detailed understanding of electroweak Higgs boson plus two-jet production, and in particular the vector-boson fusion mode (VBF). We perform a detailed comparison of precision calculations for Higgs boson production in this channel, with particular emphasis on large Higgs boson transverse momenta, and on the jet radius dependence of the cross section. We study fixed-order predictions at next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order QCD, and compare the results to NLO plus parton shower (NLOPS) matched calculations. The impact of the NNLO corrections on the central predictions is mild, with inclusive scale uncertainties of the order of a few percent, which can increase with the imposition of kinematic cuts. We find good agreement between the fixed-order and matched calculations in non-Sudakov regions, and the various NLOPS predictions also agree well in the Sudakov regime. We analyze backgrounds to VBF Higgs boson production stemming from associated production, and from gluon-gluon fusion. At high Higgs boson transverse momenta, the Δy$_{jj}$ and/or m$_{jj}$ cuts typically used to enhance the VBF signal over background lead to a reduced efficiency. We examine this effect as a function of the jet radius and using different definitions of the tagging jets. QCD radiative corrections increase for all Higgs production modes with increasing Higgs boson p$_{T}$, but the proportionately larger increase in the gluon fusion channel results in a decrease of the gluon-gluon fusion background to electroweak Higgs plus two jet production upon requiring exclusive two-jet topologies. We study this effect in detail and contrast in particular a central jet veto with a global jet multiplicity requirement.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Combined measurements and interpretations of Higgs boson production and decay in proton–proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV

Combined measurements of Higgs boson production and decay rates are reported, representing the most comprehensive study performed by the CMS Collaboration to date. The included analyses use proton–proton collision data recorded by the CMS experiment at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV from 2016 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb –1 . The statistical combination is based on analyses that measure the following decay channels: H → γγ, H → ZZ, H → WW, H → ππ, H → bb, H → μμ, and H → Zγ. Information in the events from each decay channel is used to target multiple Higgs boson production processes. Searches for invisible Higgs boson decays are also considered, as well as an analysis that measures off-shell Higgs boson production in the H → ZZ → 4$\ell$ ($\ell$ = e, μ) decay channel. The best fit inclusive signal yield is measured to be 1.014$^{+0.055}_{–0.053}$ times the standard model (SM) expectation, for a Higgs boson mass of 125.38 GeV. Measurements in kinematic regions defined by the simplified template cross section framework are also provided, as well as interpretations in the coupling modifier and SM effective field theory frameworks. The coupling modifier interpretation is further used to place constraints on various two-Higgs-doublet models. The results show good compatibility with the SM predictions for the majority of the measured parameters.

CMS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Measurements of Higgs boson production cross sections and couplings in the diphoton decay channel at $ \sqrt{\mathrm{s}} $ = 13 TeV

Measurements of Higgs boson production cross sections and couplings in events where the Higgs boson decays into a pair of photons are reported. Events are selected from a sample of proton-proton collisions at s√ = 13 TeV collected by the CMS detector at the LHC from 2016 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb -1 . Analysis categories enriched in Higgs boson events produced via gluon fusion, vector boson fusion, vector boson associated production, and production associated with top quarks are constructed. The total Higgs boson signal strength, relative to the standard model (SM) prediction, is measured to be 1.12±0.09. Other properties of the Higgs boson are measured, including SM signal strength modifiers, production cross sections, and its couplings to other particles. These include the most precise measurements of gluon fusion and vector boson fusion Higgs boson production in several different kinematic regions, the first measurement of Higgs boson production in association with a top quark pair in five regions of the Higgs boson transverse momentum, and an upper limit on the rate of Higgs boson production in association with a single top quark. All results are found to be in agreement with the SM expectations.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Study of Unboosted Higgs Pair Production with HH to bbWW Decay with the CMS experiment at the LHC

Measurement of the Higgs boson self-interaction through the production of Higgs boson (H) pairs is critical for understanding the shape of the Higgs potential and the stability of the universe. Higgs pair production (HH) where one H decays to b quarks (H to bb) and the other to hadronically decaying W bosons (H to WW*→qqqq) has a large branching fraction with the cost of high background from jets produced through quantum chromodynamics (QCD). While previous all-hadronic HH→bbWW analyses focused on the few percent of highly energetic HH events with collimated decay products, this first study of its kind targets the more challenging 95$\%$ of HH to bbWW* in which decay products can be reconstructed as separate jets providing sensitivity to a complementary region of phase space. This poster focuses on generator level measurements of the fractions of HH to bbWW* signal events are fully or partially reconstructed and what fraction are impacted by contamination from high momentum jets from initial or final state radiation. Partially reconstructed events are further classified according to whether the H to bb, H to WW*, or W to qq are fully reconstructed

Gillespie, Emma [U. Louisville]↗
DOE OSTI2025

Measurement of off-shell Higgs boson production in the $H^*\rightarrow ZZ\rightarrow 4\ell$ decay channel using a neural simulation-based inference technique in 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A measurement of off-shell Higgs boson production in the $H^*\to ZZ\to 4\ell$ decay channel is presented. The measurement uses 140 fb −1 of proton–proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider and supersedes the previous result in this decay channel using the same dataset. The data analysis is performed using a neural simulation-based inference method, which builds per-event likelihood ratios using neural networks. The observed (expected) off-shell Higgs boson production signal strength in the $ZZ\to 4\ell$ decay channel at 68% CL is $0.87^{+0.75}_{-0.54}$ ($1.00^{+1.04}_{-0.95}$ ). The evidence for off-shell Higgs boson production using the $ZZ\to 4\ell$ decay channel has an observed (expected) significance of 2.5σ (1.3σ). The expected result represents a significant improvement relative to that of the previous analysis of the same dataset, which obtained an expected significance of 0.5σ. When combined with the most recent ATLAS measurement in the $ZZ\to 2\ell 2\nu$ decay channel, the evidence for off-shell Higgs boson production has an observed (expected) significance of 3.7σ (2.4σ). The off-shell measurements are combined with the measurement of on-shell Higgs boson production to obtain constraints on the Higgs boson total width. The observed (expected) value of the Higgs boson width at 68% CL is $4.3^{+2.7}_{-1.9}$ ($4.1^{+3.5}_{-3.4}$ ) MeV.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Search for the nonresonant production of Higgs boson pairs via gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion in the $b\bar{b}$τ + τ – final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for the nonresonant production of Higgs boson pairs in the HH → $b\overline{b}$$\tau^{+}\tau^{-}$ channel is performed using 140 fb -1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The analysis strategy is optimized to probe anomalous values of the Higgs boson self-coupling modifier $\kappa_{\tau}$ and of the quartic HHVV (v = W,Z) coupling modifier $\kappa$ 2⁢V . No significant excess above the expected background from Standard Model processes is observed. An observed (expected) upper limit μ HH < 5.9⁢(3.3) is set at 95% confidence-level on the Higgs boson pair production cross section normalized to its Standard Model prediction. The coupling modifiers are constrained to an observed (expected) 95% confidence interval of -3.1 <$\kappa_{\tau}$ < 9.0 (-2.5 < $\kappa_{\tau}$ < 9.3) and -0.5 <$\kappa$ 2⁢V < 2.7 (-0.2 <$\kappa$ 2⁢V < 2.4), assuming all other Higgs boson couplings are fixed to the Standard Model prediction. The results are also interpreted in the context of effective field theories via constraints on anomalous Higgs boson couplings and Higgs boson pair production cross sections assuming different kinematic benchmark scenarios.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Search for doubly charged Higgs boson production in multi-lepton final states using 139 fb$^{-1}$ of proton–proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for pair production of doubly charged Higgs bosons ($H$ ±± ), each decaying into a pair of prompt, isolated, and highly energetic leptons with the same electric charge, is presented. The search uses a proton–proton collision data sample at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb -1 recorded by the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This analysis focuses on same-charge leptonic decays, $H$ ±± → $\ell$ ± $\ell$ '± where $\ell$,$\ell$ ' = $e, μ, τ$, in two-, three-, and four-lepton channels, but only considers final states which include electrons or muons. No evidence of a signal is observed. Corresponding upper limits on the production cross-section of a doubly charged Higgs boson are derived, as a function of its mass $m$($H$ ±± ), at 95% confidence level. Assuming that the branching ratios to each of the possible leptonic final states are equal, $\mathcal{B}$($H$ ±± → $e$ ± $e$ ± ) = $\mathcal{B}$($H$ ±± → $e$ ± $μ$ ± ) = $\mathcal{B}$($H$ ±± → $μ$ ± $μ$ ± ) = $\mathcal{B}$($H$ ±± → $e$ ± $τ$ ± ) = $\mathcal{B}$($H$ ±± → $μ$ ± $τ$ ± ) = $\mathcal{B}$($H$ ±± → $τ$ ± $τ$ ± ) = 1/6, the observed (expected) lower limit on the mass of a doubly charged Higgs boson is 1080 GeV (1065 GeV) within the left right symmetric type-II seesaw model, which is the strongest limit to date produced by the ATLAS Collaboration. Additionally, this paper provides the first direct test of the Zee– Babu neutrino mass model at the LHC, yielding an observed (expected) lower limit of $m$($H$ ±± ) = 900 GeV (880 GeV).

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Combination and interpretation of differential Higgs boson production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV

Precision measurements of Higgs boson differential production cross sections are a key tool to probe the properties of the Higgs boson and test the standard model. New physics can affect both Higgs boson production and decay, leading to deviations from the distributions that are expected in the standard model. In this paper, combined measurements of differential spectra in a fiducial region matching the experimental selections are performed, based on analyses of four Higgs boson decay channels (γγ, ZZ$^{(*)}$, WW$^{(*)}$, and ττ) using proton-proton collision data recorded with the CMS detector at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{−1}$. The differential measurements are extrapolated to the full phase space and combined to provide the differential spectra. A measurement of the total Higgs boson production cross section is also performed using the γγ and ZZ decay channels, with a result of $ {53.4}_{-2.9}^{+2.9}{\left(\textrm{stat}\right)}_{-1.8}^{+1.9}\left(\textrm{syst}\right) $ pb, consistent with the standard model prediction of 55.6 ± 2.5 pb. The fiducial measurements are used to compute limits on Higgs boson couplings using the κ-framework and the SM effective field theory.[graphic not available: see fulltext]

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Measurement of the total and differential Higgs boson production cross-sections at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector by combining the H → ZZ* → 4ℓ and H → γγ decay channels

The total and differential Higgs boson production cross-sections are measured through a combined statistical analysis of the H → ZZ* → 4ℓ and H → γγ decay channels. The results are based on a dataset of 139 fb –1 of proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The measured total Higgs boson production cross-section is $55.5$$^{+4.0}_{–3.8}$ pb, consistent with the Standard Model prediction of 55.6 ± 2.5 pb. All results from the two decay channels are compatible with each other, and their combination agrees with the Standard Model predictions. A combined statistical interpretation of the measured fiducial cross-sections as a function of the Higgs boson transverse momentum is performed in order to probe the Yukawa couplings to the bottom and charm quarks. A similar interpretation is performed by including also the constraints from the measurements of Higgs boson production in association with a W or Z boson in the H → bb¯ and cc¯ decay channels.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Measurements of Higgs boson production via gluon–gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion using $H\rightarrow WW^*\rightarrow \ell \nu \ell \nu$ decays in pp collisions with the ATLAS detector and their effective field theory interpretations

Higgs boson production cross-sections via gluon–gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion in proton–proton collisions are measured in the $H\rightarrow WW^*\rightarrow \ell \nu \ell \nu$ decay channel. The Large Hadron Collider delivered proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV between 2015 and 2018, which were recorded by the ATLAS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $140\,\text {fb}^{-1}.$ The total cross-sections for Higgs boson production by gluon–gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion times the $H\rightarrow WW^*$ branching ratio are measured to be $12.4^{+1.3}_{-1.2}\,\text {pb}$ and $0.79^{+0.18}_{-0.16}\,\text {pb},$ respectively, in agreement with the Standard Model predictions. Higgs boson production is further characterised through measurements of Simplified Template Cross-Sections in a total of fifteen kinematic fiducial regions. A new scheme of kinematic fiducial regions has been introduced to enhance the sensitivity to CP-violating effects in Higgs boson interactions. Both schemes are used to constrain CP-even and CP-odd dimension-six operators in the Standard Model effective field theory.

Aad, G. [CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P↗
DOE OSTI2023

Measurements of Higgs boson production by gluon-gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion using and vector-boson using $H$ → $WW*$ → $evμv$ decays in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Higgs boson production via gluon-gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion in proton-proton collisions is measured in the $H$ → $WW*$ → $evμv$ decay channel. The Large Hadron Collider delivered proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV between 2015 and 2018, which were recorded by the ATLAS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb -1 . The total cross sections for Higgs boson production by gluon-gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion times the $H$ $\rightarrow$ $WW$* branching ratio are measured to be 12.0 ± 1.4 and ${0.75}_{- 0.16}^{+ 0.19}$ pb, respectively, in agreement with the Standard Model predictions of 10.4 ± 0.6 and 0.81 ± 0.02 pb. Higgs boson production is further characterized through measurements of Simplified Template Cross Sections in a total of 11 kinematic fiducial regions.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Nonfactorizable corrections to Higgs boson production in weak boson fusion

We discuss the nonfactorizable corrections to Higgs boson production in weak boson fusion at the Large Hadron Collider. Such corrections depend on the finite part of the two-loop virtual amplitude q Q → q ′ Q ′ + H which, up to now, has only been computed in the eikonal approximation. We combine this contribution with real-virtual and double-real nonfactorizable QCD corrections and study their impact on the various observables in weak boson fusion. We find that the nonfactorizable corrections are strongly dominated by the two-loop virtual contributions, while all other contributions play a very minor role. This striking imbalance between real and virtual contributions is caused by a process-specific kinematic suppression of the former and a particular enhancement of the virtual corrections related to a Glauber phase. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗