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29 records · Page 2
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DOE OSTI2022

$\mathrm{BPS}$ coherent states and localization

We introduce coherent states averaged over a gauge group action to study correlators of half BPS states in $\mathcal{N}$= 4 SYM theory. The overlaps of these averaged coherent states are a generating function of correlators and can be written in terms of the Harish-Chandra-Itzykzon-Zuber (HCIZ) integral. We show that this formula immediately leads to a computation of the normalization of two point functions in terms of characters obtained originally in the work of Corley, Jevicki and Ramgoolam. We also find various generalizations for A n–1 quivers that follow directly from other solvable integrals over unitary groups. All of these can be computed using localization methods. When we promote the parameters of the generating function to collective coordinates, there is a dominant saddle that controls the effective action of these coherent states in the regime where they describe single AdS giant gravitons. We also discuss how to add open strings to this formulation. These will produce calculations that rely on correlators of matrix components of unitaries in the ensemble that is determined by the HCIZ integral to determine anomalous dimensions. We also discuss how sphere giants arise from Grassman integrals, how one gets a dominant saddle and how open strings are added in that case. The fact that there is a dominant saddle helps to understand how a 1/N expansion arises for open strings. We generalize the coherent state idea to study 1/4 and 1/8 BPS states as more general integrals over unitary groups.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2022

Gravity duals for defect quivers in the Veneziano limit

We construct gravity duals to supersymmetric gauge theories in the presence of unquenched flavor hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation of the gauge group living on the (1+1)-dimensional defect. This configuration is given by the intersection of two sets of D3-branes. Working in the Veneziano limit with large number of colors and flavors we are able to find a closed set of equations describing the dual geometry. We briefly discuss the corresponding solutions for massless flavors as well as in the small flavor limit of massive hypermultiplets. Interestingly, the $\frac{1}{16}$-BPS supergravity solutions, preserving two Poincaré supercharges, are generically only asymptotically anti de-Sitter and the dilaton does not vary with the holographic radial coordinate. This implies that the classical Type IIB supergravity solutions remain trustworthy descriptions for the gauge theories from the deep IR to the far UV.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2022

Towards an “$\mathrm{AdS}_1$/$\mathrm{CFT}_0$” correspondence from the $\mathrm{D}$(-1)/$\mathrm{D}$7 system?

We argue that a type IIB Euclidean supergravity solution of the form $\mathbb{R}$ x S 1 x $\mathbb{T}$ 8 with imaginary self-dual F 1 flux through $\mathbb{R}$ x S 1 belongs to the chain of AdS d x S d x $\mathbb{T}$ 10-2d vacua with (imaginary) self-dual Fd flux, where d ≤ 5. Such vacua come from the near-horizon of D(d - 2)/D(8 - d) branes and are supersymmetric for odd values of d. For d = 1 we speculate that the hallmark of conformal symmetry for the matrix model dual is a vanishing free energy. The matrix dual was recently constructed by [1] by adding matrix interactions coming from strings stretching between the D(-1) and D7 branes to the IKKT matrix model. We find that the corresponding supergravity solution indeed has vanishing on-shell action. Specific F 5 fluxes need to be switched on as a consequence of (a T-dual version of) the Hanany-Witten effect.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2023

Exact QFT duals of AdS black holes

We construct large N saddle points of the matrix model for the $\mathcal{N}$ = 4 Yang- Mills index dual to the BPS black holes in AdS 5 × S 5 , in two different setups. When the two complex chemical potentials for the angular momenta are collinear, we find linear eigenvalue distributions which solve the large N saddle point equation. When the chemical potentials are not collinear, we find novel solutions given by areal eigenvalue distributions after slightly reformulating the saddle point problem. We also construct a class of multi-cut saddle points, showing that they sometimes admit nontrivial filling fractions. As a byproduct, we find that the Bethe ansatz equation emerges from our saddle point equation.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Resolving black-hole microstructure with new momentum carriers

All known horizonless black-hole microstate geometries correspond to brane sources that acquire a finite size, and hence break the spherical symmetry of the black hole. We construct, for the first time, solutions with zero horizon area that have the same charges as a three-charge F1-NS5-P Type-IIA black hole and preserve this spherical symmetry. The momentum of these solutions is carried by longitudinal D0-D4 density fluctuations inside the NS5-branes. We argue that these solutions should be interpreted as the long-throat limit of a family of smooth, horizonless microstate geometries, called superstrata, where such geometries degenerate. The existence of these geometries indicates that a finite-size horizon does not appear even in the singular corners of the moduli space of three-charge microstate geometries.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Giant gravitons, Harish-Chandra integrals, and BPS states in symplectic and orthogonal $\mathcal{N}$ = 4 SYM

We find generating functions for half BPS correlators in $\mathcal{N}$ = 4 SYM theories with gauge groups Sp(2N), SO(2N + 1), and SO(2N) by computing the norms of a class of BPS coherent states. These coherent states are built from operators involving Harish-Chandra integrals. Such operators have an interpretation as localized giant gravitons in the bulk of anti-de-Sitter space. This extends the analysis of [1] to Sp(2N), SO(2N + 1), and SO(2N) gauge theories. We show that we may use ordinary Schur functions as a basis for the sector of states with no cross-caps in these theories. This is consistent with the construction of these theories as orientifold projections of an SU(2N) theory. We make note of some relations between the symmetric functions that appear in the expansion of these coherent states and symplectic Schur functions. We also comment on some connections to Schubert calculus and Gromov-Witten invariants, which suggest that the Harish-Chandra integral may be extended to such problems.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

String junctions suspended between giants

We construct (p, q) string junction solutions suspended between both sphere and AdS giant gravitons in AdS 5 × S 5 . Our results extend easily to more general half BPS geometries of LLM type. These carry angular momentum in the directions of the worldvolume of the giant gravitons. We argue that these are charged under a central extension of the supersymmetry algebra similar to the one that has appeared in the works of Beisert for the $\mathcal{N}$ = 4 spin chain. We also argue that they are BPS with respect to this central extension. We show that apart from some kinematical details, the junctions end up solving the same minimization problem that appears in the Coulomb branch of $\mathcal{N}$ = 4 SYM. Their mass and shape is independent of the angular momentum Q that the junction carries.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2023

Scaling similarities and quasinormal modes of D0 black hole solutions

We study the gravity solution dual to the D0 brane quantum mechanics, or BFSS matrix model, in the ’t Hooft limit. The classical physics described by this gravity solution is invariant under a scaling transformation, which changes the action with a specific critical exponent, sometimes called the hyperscaling violating exponent. We present an argument for this critical exponent from the matrix model side, which leads to an explanation for the peculiar temperature dependence of the entropy in this theory, S ∝ T 9/5 . We also present a similar argument for all other Dp-brane geometries. We then compute the black hole quasinormal modes. This involves perturbing the finite temperature geometry. These perturbations can be easily obtained by a mathematical trick where we view the solution as the dimensional reduction of an Ad S2+9/5 × S 8 geometry.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Soft gravitons in the BFSS matrix model

BFSS proposed that asymptotically flat M-theory is dual to a large N limit of the matrix quantum mechanics describing N nonrelativistic D0-branes. Recent insights on the soft symmetries of any quantum theory of gravity in asymptotically flat space are applied to the BFSS matrix model. It is shown that soft gravitons are realized by submatrices whose rank is held fixed in the large N M-theory limit, rather than the usual linear scaling with N for hard gravitons. The soft expansion is identified with the large N expansion and the soft theorem becomes a universal formula for the quantum mechanical scattering of such submatrix excitations. This formula is shown to be the Ward identity of large type IIA U(1) RR asymptotic gauge symmetry in the matrix model, whose asymptotic boundaries are at future and past timelike infinity.

1/N Expansion↗
DOE OSTI2022

134 billion intersecting brane models

The landscape of string vacua is very large, but generally expected to be finite in size. Enumerating the number and properties of the vacua is an important task for both the landscape and the swampland, in part to gain a deeper understanding of what is possible and “generic”. We obtain an exact counting of distinct intersecting brane vacua of type IIA string theory on the T 6 /Z 2 × Z 2 orientifold. Care is taken to only count gauge-inequivalent brane configurations. Leveraging the recursive nature by which branes may be added together one-by-one, we use dynamic programming to efficiently count the number of solutions of the tadpole, K-theory and supersymmetry consistency conditions. The distributions of 4D gauge group rank and complex structure moduli for the entire ensemble of intersecting brane vacua are presented. The methods we developed here may be useful in obtaining sharp upper and lower bounds on other corners of the landscape.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Sharpening the Distance Conjecture in diverse dimensions

The Distance Conjecture holds that any infinite-distance limit in the scalar field moduli space of a consistent theory of quantum gravity must be accompanied by a tower of light particles whose masses scale exponentially with proper field distance ||$\phi$|| as m ~ exp(–λ||$\phi$||), where λ is order-one in Planck units. While the evidence for this conjecture is formidable, there is at present no consensus on which values of λ are allowed. In this paper, we propose a sharp lower bound for the lightest tower in a given infinite-distance limit in d dimensions: λ ≥ $1/\sqrt{d-2}$. In support of this proposal, we show that (1) it is exactly preserved under dimensional reduction, (2) it is saturated in many examples of string/M-theory compactifications, including maximal supergravity in d = 4 – 10 dimensions, and (3) it is saturated in many examples of minimal supergravity in d = 4 – 10 dimensions, assuming appropriate versions of the Weak Gravity Conjecture. We argue that towers with λ < $1/\sqrt{d-2}$ discussed previously in the literature are always accompanied by even lighter towers with λ ≥ $1/\sqrt{d-2}$, thereby satisfying our proposed bound. We discuss connections with and implications for the Emergent String Conjecture, the Scalar Weak Gravity Conjecture, the Repulsive Force Conjecture, large-field inflation, and scalar field potentials in quantum gravity. In particular, we argue that if our proposed bound applies beyond massless moduli spaces to scalar fields with potentials, then accelerated cosmological expansion cannot occur in asymptotic regimes of scalar field space in quantum gravity.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗