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Materials Data on La4Pr(CoP)10 by Materials Project

PrLa4(CoP)10 is alpha bismuth trifluoride-derived structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr3+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent P3- atoms. All Pr–P bond lengths are 3.12 Å. There are two inequivalent La3+ sites. In the first La3+ site, La3+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight P3- atoms. There are four shorter (3.14 Å) and four longer (3.15 Å) La–P bond lengths. In the second La3+ site, La3+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight P3- atoms. There are four shorter (3.13 Å) and four longer (3.14 Å) La–P bond lengths. There are three inequivalent Co+1.50+ sites. In the first Co+1.50+ site, Co+1.50+ is bonded to four P3- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing CoP4 tetrahedra. There are two shorter (2.22 Å) and two longer (2.23 Å) Co–P bond lengths. In the second Co+1.50+ site, Co+1.50+ is bonded to four P3- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing CoP4 tetrahedra. All Co–P bond lengths are 2.22 Å. In the third Co+1.50+ site, Co+1.50+ is bonded to four equivalent P3- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing CoP4 tetrahedra. All Co–P bond lengths are 2.22 Å. There are five inequivalent P3- sites. In the first P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent La3+ and four equivalent Co+1.50+ atoms. In the second P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent La3+ and four equivalent Co+1.50+ atoms. In the third P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent La3+ and four equivalent Co+1.50+ atoms. In the fourth P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Pr3+ and four equivalent Co+1.50+ atoms. In the fifth P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent La3+ and four equivalent Co+1.50+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Rb(CoP)2 by Materials Project

Rb(CoP)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Rb1+ is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent P3- atoms. All Rb–P bond lengths are 3.48 Å. Co+2.50+ is bonded to four equivalent P3- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing CoP4 tetrahedra. All Co–P bond lengths are 2.20 Å. P3- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Rb1+ and four equivalent Co+2.50+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on K(CoP)2 by Materials Project

K(CoP)2 is alpha bismuth trifluoride-derived structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. K1+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent P3- atoms. All K–P bond lengths are 3.36 Å. Co+2.50+ is bonded to four equivalent P3- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing CoP4 tetrahedra. All Co–P bond lengths are 2.20 Å. P3- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent K1+ and four equivalent Co+2.50+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on LaPr(CoP)4 by Materials Project

PrLa(CoP)4 is alpha bismuth trifluoride-derived structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr3+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent P3- atoms. All Pr–P bond lengths are 3.11 Å. La3+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent P3- atoms. All La–P bond lengths are 3.14 Å. Co+1.50+ is bonded to four P3- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing CoP4 tetrahedra. All Co–P bond lengths are 2.22 Å. There are two inequivalent P3- sites. In the first P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Pr3+ and four equivalent Co+1.50+ atoms. In the second P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent La3+ and four equivalent Co+1.50+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Th(CoP)2 by Materials Project

Th(CoP)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/nmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Th4+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight P3- atoms. There are four shorter (3.03 Å) and four longer (3.05 Å) Th–P bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Co1+ sites. In the first Co1+ site, Co1+ is bonded to four equivalent P3- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing CoP4 tetrahedra. All Co–P bond lengths are 2.34 Å. In the second Co1+ site, Co1+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five P3- atoms. There are four shorter (2.25 Å) and one longer (2.35 Å) Co–P bond lengths. There are two inequivalent P3- sites. In the first P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Th4+ and four equivalent Co1+ atoms. In the second P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Th4+ and five Co1+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on LaPr3(CoP)8 by Materials Project

Pr3La(CoP)8 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Pr3+ sites. In the first Pr3+ site, Pr3+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight P3- atoms. All Pr–P bond lengths are 3.08 Å. In the second Pr3+ site, Pr3+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent P3- atoms. All Pr–P bond lengths are 3.09 Å. La3+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent P3- atoms. All La–P bond lengths are 3.10 Å. There are two inequivalent Co+1.50+ sites. In the first Co+1.50+ site, Co+1.50+ is bonded to four P3- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing CoP4 tetrahedra. All Co–P bond lengths are 2.25 Å. In the second Co+1.50+ site, Co+1.50+ is bonded to four P3- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing CoP4 tetrahedra. There are two shorter (2.25 Å) and two longer (2.26 Å) Co–P bond lengths. There are four inequivalent P3- sites. In the first P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent La3+ and four equivalent Co+1.50+ atoms. In the second P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Pr3+ and four equivalent Co+1.50+ atoms. In the third P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Pr3+ and four equivalent Co+1.50+ atoms. In the fourth P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Pr3+ and four equivalent Co+1.50+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Ultrafast laser-induced spin–lattice dynamics in the van der Waals antiferromagnet CoPS 3

CoPS 3 stands out in the family of the van der Waals antiferromagnets XPS 3 (X = Mn, Ni, Fe, and Co) due to the unquenched orbital momentum of the magnetic Co 2+ ions, which is known to facilitate the coupling of spins to both electromagnetic waves and lattice vibrations. Here, using a time-resolved magneto-optical pump–probe technique, we experimentally study the ultrafast laser-induced dynamics of mutually correlated spins and lattice. It is shown that a femtosecond laser pulse acts as an ultrafast heater and, thus, results in the melting of the antiferromagnetic order. At the same time, the resonant pumping of the 4 T 1g → 4 T 2g electronic transition in Co 2+ ions effectively changes their orbital momentum, giving rise to a mechanical force that moves the ions in the direction parallel to the orientation of their spins, thus generating a coherent B g phonon mode at the frequency of about 4.7 THz.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

Spin-lattice entanglement in CoPS 3

Complex chalcogenides in the 𝑀⁢PS 3 family of materials (𝑀 =Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) display remarkably different phase progressions depending upon the metal center orbital filling, character of the P–P linkage, and size of the van der Waals gap. There is also a stacking pattern and spin-state difference between the “lighter” and “heavier” transition-metal-containing systems that places CoPS 3 at the nexus of these activities. Despite these unique properties, this compound is underexplored. Here, we bring together Raman scattering spectroscopy and infrared absorption spectroscopy with x-ray techniques to identify a structural component to the 119 K magnetic ordering transition. With temperature-dependent Raman scattering, we discover a set of magnon-phonon pairs that engages in avoided crossings below 𝑇 Néel . Lastly, these findings point to strong spin-phonon entanglement as well as opportunities to control these effects under external stimuli.

Magnetism↗

Advanced Data Center Energy Opportunities: Cloud and Infrastructure CoP - Data Center Energy and Efficiency with AI Adoption

The NLR portion of the "Cloud & Infrastructure CoP - Data Center Energy and Efficiency with AI Adoption" web meeting will cover data center locations, energy use and load growth, best practices, performance metrics, transition to direct liquid cooled data center equipment, and NLR's approach to optimizing data center.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

MSD CoP Webinar: Quantum Computing Futures through a Multisector Lens

Context: This webinar featured two presentations examining quantum computing and its complex implications across the energy, water, and materials sectors. Olivier Ezratty introduced quantum computing, its anticipated applications and added value, and the hardware required to support these systems. He also discussed their energy demands and the role of the Quantum Energy Initiative in developing an interdisciplinary research field focused on these challenges. David McCollum then explored the opportunities and multisectoral challenges associated with next-generation, quantum-accelerated data centers, including their potential energy and resource impacts and the infrastructure chokepoints that could emerge. Together, the presentations emphasized the need for long-term planning and cross-cutting research collaboration as quantum computing technologies continue to develop. Presenters: Olivier Ezratty (Quantum Energy Initiative); David McCollum (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) Moderator: Patrick M. Reed (MSD CoP Facilitation Team); Gokul Iyer (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) This webinar was held on: July 9th, 2026 from 1:00–2:30 PM EDT.

Quantum Computing↗

ResStock Measure Documentation: Residential Two-Stage Geothermal Heat Pump (4.0 COP, 20.5 EER) With Envelope Improvements and Advanced Air Sealing

The goal of this work is to develop energy efficiency, demand flexibility, and other retrofit end-use load shapes (electricity, gas, propane, or fuel oil) that cover a majority of the high-impact, market-ready (or nearly market-ready) measures. "Measures" refers to retrofits that can be applied to buildings during modeling. An "end-use savings shape" is the difference in energy consumption between a baseline building and a building with an energy efficiency, demand flexibility, or other retrofit measure applied. It results in a time-series profile that is broken down by end use and fuel (electricity or on-site gas, propane, or fuel oil use) at each time step. ResStock is a highly granular, physics-based, bottom-up model that uses multiple data sources, statistical sampling methods, and advanced building energy simulations to estimate the annual subhourly energy consumption of the residential building stock across the United States. The baseline model intends to represent the U.S. residential building stock as it existed in 2018. Technical documentation for the inputs and assumptions in the baseline building stock model is available in Reyna et al. (2025). Calibration and validation of the baseline model results are available in the final technical report of the End-Use Load Profiles project (Wilson, et al. 2022). This document focuses on a single end-use savings shape measure: Residential Two-Stage Geothermal Heat Pump (GHP) (4.0 COP, 20.5 EER) With Envelope Improvements. This measure combines a two-stage GHP with envelope improvements as a single package. As this package is a combination of two other measures, this document focused on documenting the results associated with this combination of technologies, with individual measure documents for two-stage GHPs and envelope improvements providing the information on the details of these measures. When the two technologies are combined, envelope improvements can modestly reduce energy consumption by a further 10%-15%, but also reduce the required size of the ground heat exchanger and heat pump by approximately 33% on average across all sites. The cost of installing envelope improvements in these homes is likely to be more than paid for by the reduction in equipment and drilling costs in these buildings for the majority of the stock.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗

ResStock Measure Documentation: Residential Two-Stage Geothermal Heat Pump (4.0 COP, 20.5 EER) With Light Envelope Improvements

This report is part of series describing a variety of different ResStock(TM) measures. "Measures" refers to energy efficiency retrofits that can be applied to buildings during modeling. This documentation covers the "Residential Two-Stage Geothermal Heat Pump (4.0 COP, 20.5 EER) With Light Envelope Improvements" measure upgrade methodology and briefly discusses key results. All results can be accessed on the ResStock Open Energy Data Initiative "End-Use Load Profiles for the U.S. Building Stock" data lake and on the data viewer at resstock.nlr.gov.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗

ResStock Measure Documentation: Residential Variable-Speed Geothermal Heat Pump (4.4 COP, 30.9 EER) With Light Envelope Improvements

This report is part of series describing a variety of different ResStock™ measures. "Measures" refers to energy efficiency retrofits that can be applied to buildings during modeling. This documentation covers the "Residential Variable-Speed Geothermal Heat Pump (4.4 COP, 30.9 EER) with Light Envelope Improvements" measure upgrade methodology and briefly discusses key results. All results can be accessed on the ResStock Open Energy Data Initiative "End-Use Load Profiles for the U.S. Building Stock" data lake and on the data viewer at resstock.nlr.gov.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

ResStock Measure Documentation: Residential Two-Stage Geothermal Heat Pump (4.0 COP, 20.5 EER)

The goal of this work is to develop energy efficiency, demand flexibility, and other retrofit end-use load shapes (electricity, gas, propane, or fuel oil) that cover a majority of the high-impact, market-ready (or nearly market-ready) measures. "Measures" refers to retrofits that can be applied to buildings during modeling. An "end-use savings shape" is the difference in energy consumption between a baseline building and a building with an energy efficiency, demand flexibility, or other retrofit measure applied. It results in a time-series profile that is broken down by end use and fuel (electricity or on-site gas, propane, or fuel oil use) at each time step. ResStock is a highly granular, physics-based, bottom-up model that uses multiple data sources, statistical sampling methods, and advanced building energy simulations to estimate the annual subhourly energy consumption of the residential building stock across the United States. The baseline model intends to represent the U.S. residential building stock as it existed in 2018. Technical documentation for the inputs and assumptions in the baseline building stock model is available in Reyna et al. (2025). Calibration and validation of the baseline model results are available in the final technical report of the End-Use Load Profiles project (Wilson et al. 2022). This document focuses on a single end-use savings shape measure: Residential Two-Stage Geothermal Heat Pump (4.0 COP, 20.5 EER). This document builds on details established in the single-stage document (Maguire et al. 2025) to detail differences in the approach to modeling this higher efficiency, but more commonly deployed, type of geothermal heat pump. Specific EnergyPlus objects and product specific curves used are highlighted along with showing the results of this measure compared to the baseline and single-speed geothermal heat pumps. Two-speed geothermal heat pumps are able to save even more energy and on utility bills than single-speed products, albeit at the expense of a higher first cost.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗

Materials Data on Eu(CoP)2 by Materials Project

EuCo2P2 is alpha bismuth trifluoride-derived structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Eu2+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent P3- atoms. All Eu–P bond lengths are 3.11 Å. Co2+ is bonded to four equivalent P3- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing CoP4 tetrahedra. All Co–P bond lengths are 2.21 Å. P3- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Eu2+ and four equivalent Co2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on U(CoP)2 by Materials Project

UCo2P2 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/nmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. U3+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Co+1.50+ and nine P3- atoms. All U–Co bond lengths are 2.78 Å. There are a spread of U–P bond distances ranging from 3.15–3.34 Å. There are two inequivalent Co+1.50+ sites. In the first Co+1.50+ site, Co+1.50+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P3- atom. The Co–P bond length is 2.07 Å. In the second Co+1.50+ site, Co+1.50+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent U3+ atoms. There are two inequivalent P3- sites. In the first P3- site, P3- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent U3+ and four equivalent P3- atoms. All P–P bond lengths are 2.26 Å. In the second P3- site, P3- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to five equivalent U3+, one Co+1.50+, and four equivalent P3- atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Ca(CoP)2 by Materials Project

CaCo2P2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Ca2+ is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent P3- atoms. All Ca–P bond lengths are 3.00 Å. Co2+ is bonded to four equivalent P3- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing CoP4 tetrahedra. All Co–P bond lengths are 2.24 Å. P3- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Ca2+, four equivalent Co2+, and one P3- atom. The P–P bond length is 2.51 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗