Bandwidth compression techniques for meteorological satellite pictures Final report, 1 Mar. 1964 - 1 May 1965
Compression schemes for reducing bandwidth required for transmission of cloud photographs from satellites
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Compression schemes for reducing bandwidth required for transmission of cloud photographs from satellites
A simple method to determine the approximate altitude of clouds is described, with the objective of refining their classification using only marginal data from the photographs. Results of the application of this method on photographs of the Goajira Peninsula, Paraguana Peninsula and the Central Coast of Venezuela are presented. Here, the altitudes computed are used to classify clouds and to identify the genus of others without typical form. Instability of air masses through clouds vertical development, and wind direction as well as other local climatic characteristics such as moisture content, loci of condensation, area, etc. are determined using repetitive coverage for the time interval of the photography. Applications for the regional and urban planning (including airport location and flights schedule) and natural resources evaluation are suggested.
Tiros i photography of cellular cloud pattern related to conventional meteorological analyses, physical nature of cellular convection
A determination was made of the areal extent of terrain obscured by clouds and cloud shadows on a portion of an Apollo 9 photograph at the instant of exposure. This photogrammetrically determined area was then compared to the cloud coverage reported by surface weather observers at approximately the same time and location, as a check on result quality. Stereograms prepared from Apollo 9 vertical photographs, illustrating various percentages of cloud coverage, are presented to help provide a quantitative appreciation of the degradation of terrain photography by clouds and their attendant shadows. A scheme, developed for the U.S. Navy, utilizing pattern recognition techniques for determining cloud motion from sequences of satellite photographs, is summarized. Clouds, turbulence, haze, and solar altitude, four elements of our natural environment which affect aerial photographic missions, are each discussed in terms of their effects on imagery obtained by aerial photography. Data of a type useful to aerial photographic mission planners, expressing photographic ground coverage in terms of flying height above terrain and camera focal length, for a standard aerial photograph format, are provided. Two oblique orbital photographs taken during the Apollo 9 flight are shown, and photo-interpretations, discussing the cloud types imaged and certain visible geographical features, are provided.
Percentage cloud cover from Tiros photographs analyzed by digital computer
Tiros i photographs of cloud system of cyclone over atlantic ocean related to standard meteorological information
Tiros i photographs of cloud structure of cut-off cyclone over eastern pacific related to standard meteorological information
Tiros i photographs of cloud structure of occluded cyclone over gulf of alaska related to standard meteorological observations
Tiros i photographs of cloud area of april 1, 1960 midwest storm related to standard meteorological measurements
Tiros i cloud photographs of subtropical convergence band complements surface meteorological data on quasi-stationary front
Tiros i nephanalysis compared with conventional weather analysis for family of pacific frontal storms
Tiros i narrow-angle camera study of orientation, spacing, and length of cloud streets
Tornado-producing cloud mass seen from tiros i correlated with surface meteorological reports
Tiros i pictures of mountain phenomena, ice, sun glitter, gulf stream, and southern hemisphere clouds
Computer programs for design of cloud character recognition system using TIROS photographic data
Weather satellite system will provide local users with pictures directly from orbit of cloud patterns making possible global cloud cover data daily for worldwide analyses
Nimbus I high resolution IR radiometer data compared with Tiros cloud photographs
Nimbus I spacecraft overall characteristics, performance and major subsystems, particularly performance of meteorological sensors