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At least 343 records · Page 19
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2013

SPoRT: Transitioning NASA and NOAA Experimental Data to the Operational Weather Community

Established in 2002 to demonstrate the weather and forecasting application of real-time EOS measurements, the NASA Short-term Prediction Research and Transition (SPoRT) program has grown to be an end-to-end research to operations activity focused on the use of advanced NASA modeling and data assimilation approaches, nowcasting techniques, and unique high-resolution multispectral data from EOS satellites to improve short-term weather forecasts on a regional and local scale. With the ever-broadening application of real-time high resolution satellite data from current EOS, Suomi NPP, and planned JPSS and GOES-R sensors to weather forecast problems, significant challenges arise in the acquisition, delivery, and integration of the new capabilities into the decision making process of the operational weather community. For polar orbiting sensors such as MODIS, AIRS, VIIRS, and CRiS, the use of direct broadcast ground stations is key to the real-time delivery of the data and derived products in a timely fashion. With the ABI on the geostationary GOES-R satellite, the data volumes will likely increase by a factor of 5-10 from current data streams. However, the high data volume and limited bandwidth of end user facilities presents a formidable obstacle to timely access to the data. This challenge can be addressed through the use of subsetting techniques, innovative web services, and the judicious selection of data formats. Many of these approaches have been implemented by SPoRT for the delivery of real-time products to NWS forecast offices and other weather entities. Once available in decision support systems like AWIPS II, these new data and products must be integrated into existing and new displays that allow for the integration of the data with existing operational products in these systems. SPoRT is leading the way in demonstrating this enhanced capability. This paper will highlight the ways SPoRT is overcoming many of the challenges presented by the enormous data volumes of current and future satellite systems to get unique high quality research data into the operational weather environment.

Jedlovec, Gary J.↗
NASA NTRS2014

Expansion of the Real-time Sport-land Information System for NOAA / National Weather Service Situational Awareness and Local Modeling Applications

The NASA Short-term Prediction Research and Transition (SPoRT) Center in Huntsville, AL (Jedlovec 2013; Ralph et al. 2013; Merceret et al. 2013) is running a real-time configuration of the Noah land surface model (LSM) within the NASA Land Information System (LIS) framework (hereafter referred to as the "SPoRT-LIS"). Output from the real-time SPoRT-LIS is used for (1) initializing land surface variables for local modeling applications, and (2) displaying in decision support systems for situational awareness and drought monitoring at select NOAA/National Weather Service (NWS) partner offices. The SPoRT-LIS is currently run over a domain covering the southeastern half of the Continental United States (CONUS), with an additional experimental real-time run over the entire CONUS and surrounding portions of southern Canada and northern Mexico. The experimental CONUS run incorporates hourly quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) from the National Severe Storms Laboratory Multi- Radar Multi-Sensor (MRMS) product (Zhang et al. 2011, 2014), which will be transitioned into operations at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) in Fall 2014. This paper describes the current and experimental SPoRT-LIS configurations, and documents some of the limitations still remaining through the advent of MRMS precipitation analyses in the SPoRT-LIS land surface model (LSM) simulations. Section 2 gives background information on the NASA LIS and describes the realtime SPoRT-LIS configurations being compared. Section 3 presents recent work done to develop a training module on situational awareness applications of real-time SPoRT-LIS output. Comparisons between output from the two SPoRT-LIS runs are shown in Section 4, including a documentation of issues encountered in using the MRMS precipitation dataset. A summary and future work in given in Section 5, followed by acknowledgements and references.

Case, Jonathan L.↗
NASA NTRS2019

NOAA-20 ATMS Status: ATMS SDR Team

Data quality looks better than Suomi-NPP (Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership): similar biases. Smaller standard deviation of first guess departures and diagnosed observation errors. Weaker striping signal than Suomi-NPP ATMS (Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder). Improved first guess fits to: temperature observations (AMSU-A (Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A), CrIS (Cross-track Infrared Sounder), GPSRO (Global Positioning System Radio Occultation)); Humidity observations (MHS (Microwave Humidity Sounder), GEO CSRs (Geostationary Orbit Clear Sky Radiances)). Indicates improved accuracy of short range temperature and humidity forecasts. Neutral to slightly positive forecast scores.

Sensor Data Record (SDR)↗
NASA NTRS2019

Annual Cycle of Planetary Boundary Layer Heights estimated from NOAA Profiler Network Data

The Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) height over the Unites States Great and Central Plains during 1992-2012 is examined here using a combination of Wind Profiler-derived (WP) PBL height estimates and reanalysis fields from the Modern Era Retrospective Reanalysis Version 2 (MERRA-2). The combined analysis allows process study of the reasons behind the monthly mean behavior of the observed PBL heights under clear-sky conditions as well as the PBL height variability. WP PBL height monthly mean annual cycles were grouped into general categories of behavior, each analyzed using MERRA-2 fields of sensible and latent heat flux, surface temperature, net radiation and soil moisture. In the ’canonical’ category the latent heat plays little role in the determination of the monthly mean PBL height, and it follows the annual cycle of the net radiation. In the other categories, precipitation and latent heat flux had more influence in setting the annual cycle. An analysis of variance revealed that the role of latent heat in determining the PBL height variations is large (explaining up to 40% of PBL height variability) even in the ’canonical’ category for which latent heat played no role in setting the monthly mean. In other categories the latent heat explained up to 80% of the PBL height variations. The amount of that influence is shown to be related to the variability of column soil moisture.

MERRA-2↗
NASA NTRS2020

Determination of the NOAA-20 VIIRS screen transmittance functions with both the yaw maneuver and regular on-orbit calibration data

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) aboard theNOAA-20 satellite regularly performs on-orbit radiometric calibration of its reflective solar bands (RSBs) through observations of an onboard sunlit solar diffuser (SD). The incident sunlight passes through an attenuation screen (the SD screen) and then scatters off the SD to provide a radiance source for the calibration. The on-orbit change of the SD’s bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF), referred to as the H-factor, is determined by an onboard solar diffuser stability monitor (SDSM) whose eight detectors alternately observe the Sun through another attenuation screen (the SDSM screen) and the sunlit SD. The products of the SD screen transmittance and the BRDF at the mission start for both the SDSM and RSBs and the SDSM screen effective transmittance were measured prelaunch. Large unrealistic undulations in the retrieved H-factor were seen when using the prelaunch screen functions. To improve the accuracy of the retrieved H-factor, shortly after the satellite launch, 15 yaw maneuvers were performed to further characterize the screens. Although significantly improved, the H-factor derived using the screen functions determined fromthe yaw maneuver data still has large unrealistic undulations, revealing that the solar azimuth angular step size of the yaw maneuvers is too large. In this paper,we add high-quality regular on-orbitSDcalibration data to the yaw maneuver data to further improve the relative product of the SD screen effective transmittance and the BRDF at the mission start for the SDSM and the SDSM screen relative effective transmittance. The H-factor time series derived from the newly determined screen transmittance functions is much smoother than that derived from using only the yaw maneuver data and thus considerably improves the radiometric calibration accuracy.

Ning Lei↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

FLASHFlux Working Group Status: Assessing FF NOAA-20 Products and Future Upgrades

The CERES Fast Longwave and SHortwave radiative Flux working provides low latency data products from the CERES measurements within about 5-6 days of real time. This presentation reviews progress made toward evaluating the current data products and shows some examples of users for the instantaneous and daily averaged data products. In this presentation the comparisons to surface surface measurements are made through June 2023. Also, we preview some new results for replacing current algorithms with neural net model trained on the new CERES CRS data products. Lastly, present update plans for the next 9 months.

radiation budget↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

FLASHFlux Working Group Status: Assessing FF NOAA-20 Products and Future Upgrades

The CERES Fast Longwave and SHortwave radiative Flux working provides low latency data products from the CERES measurements within about 5-6 days of real time. This presentation reviews progress made toward evaluating the current data products and shows some examples of users daily averaged data products. Since the last CERES Science Team meeting the FLASHFlux group has updated it's production to use the GEOS-IT reanalysis from the GMAO. In this presentation the comparisons to surface surface measurements are made through December 2023 constrasting old and new versions for the SSF and TISA products. Also, we provide an update on activities to replace the footprint fluxes and also update our current gridded global products with GEO observations. Lastly, present update plans for the next 6-9 months.

radiation budget↗