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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 343 records · Page 19
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2019

Novel Membrane and Systems for Industrial and Municipal Water Purification and Reuse

Over the last five years, GE Global Research, University of Colorado-Boulder and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) teamed to develop nano-engineered, high permeance membrane materials that outperform conventional RO membranes. The team explored liquid and gas-phase molecular layer by layer synthesis (mLbLS) strategies and manufacturing processes for cost effective production of the novel materials. The objective of this project was to decrease the energy consumption of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane separation processes by 50%, while also decreasing the environmental impact and cost of water. The team was successful in identify two promising approaches to achieve that end goal.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2019

Isovalent Alloying and Heterovalent Substititution as Routes to Accelerate the Development and Optimization of Super-Efficient Halide Perovskite PV Solar Cells

Halide perovskites represent one of the fastest growing photovoltaic (PV) device technologies in the last decade, with research efficiencies among the highest confirmed. However, the research needed to advance tandem perovskite solar cells requires a specialized understanding base, but there is no such base for this young group of materials with the same depth as in semiconductor alloy research. Whereas IV-IV, II-V and II-VI semiconductors have a sophisticated science foundation refined over decades due of their use in electronics, lasers, LEDs and night vision applications, this is not yet the case for halide perovskites. At the same time, these materials behave rather differently than conventional semiconductors. Within the rapidly unfolding field of PV, the emerging halide-perovskite alloy research has largely been based on empiricism. Clearly, a concerted and comprehensive application to halide perovskite alloys of the modern quantum theory of solids brought us over the years a broad understanding of the critical factors enabling conventional inorganic PV could leapfrog the Edisonian, trial-and-error search for solutions to critical problems that are poorly understood. These theory approaches are required to accelerate the progress toward commercially ready hybrid-perovskites by providing a theory-guided experiment component to the EERE investments in this high-priority R&D. During this project we have studied three different rungs on the ladder of knowledge about hybrid perovskites. This kind of single halide perovskites represent the first level of development (rung 1) of solar cells, and includes materials such as APbI 3 , ASnI 3 , APbBr 3 , ASnBr 3 with different A cations, such as methylammonium (MA) with formamidinium (FM). Rung 2 is obtained by mixing B cations (Sn and Pb), and X anions (Cl and Br or I) producing a disordered alloy (A, A’)(M,M’)(X,X’) 3 -space. The most advanced rung corresponds to heterovalent-substitution of halide perovskites, creating an ordered double-perovskite compound. Although the focus of the project was on Rungs 2 and 3, we have made important discoveries regarding the nature of pure perovskites. We’ve observed that cubic perovskites should be modeled by a polymorphous network, instead of the basic single unit cell approach. This leads to the conclusion that perovskites have a fluid-like nature. An article regarding this work has been submitted to Nature Materials. Using the approach described above, we have also simulated alloys of halide perovskites, representing rung 2. We have focused on mixtures of [Cs,FA][Sn,Pb]I 3 with different concentrations, being able to disentangle the structural and electronic factors that determines the variation (bowing) of properties such as band gaps, mixing enthalpies and decomposition energies. For rung 3 compounds, we’ve closely interacted with experimental groups clarifying the chemical routes to obtain a certain compound, and what should be the most stable structure for them. As the final product, and consequent dissemination of the research, we’ve submitted two papers for publication, that are currently under evaluation. The interaction with experimental groups was also an important focus. We have participated in several local, national and international meetings, and reached out more closely to groups from CU Boulder and Arkansas.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2019

National Wind Technology Center-Characterization of Atmospheric Conditions

Data provided by the instrumentation located at the National Wind Technology Center (NWTC) is compiled below for the purposes of characterizing the atmospheric operating conditions at the National Renewable Energy Laboratories (NREL) wind site. Conditions are presented conditioned on month of the year to show seasonal variation, and based on characteristic quantities seen in the atmospheric flow including, bulk wind speed, direction, and atmospheric stability. All data reported and analyzed in the following document were collected from instrumentation mounted on the 135 m-tall masts erected at the NWTC near Boulder, Colorado. Each of the two met-masts (named M4 and M5) were sited specifically to measure the inflow wind to several of the utility-scale turbines at the NWTC. The construction, operation, and maintenance of the masts has been supported since their commissioning in 2011 by the Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Wind and Water Power Program. Data from the masts are publicly available for download or basic visualization, hosted on NREL's website (https://nwtc.nrel.gov/135mData). Data from the masts have been used in the past for a wide range of projects including wind turbine power performance measurements, high fidelity model development and validation, and atmospheric science research. An interactive visualization platform has been developed on NREL's Open Energy Information platform and can be used to reproduce many of the graphics included in the current work. This report describes in detail the atmospheric conditions recorded by M5, the inflow mast for the DOE-owned GE 1.5 MW wind turbine. The report focuses on data recorded from August 2012 to May 2018 and includes: an introduction to the wind climate at the NWTC; a physical description of the met masts; a review of installed instrumentation; and data collection, processing, and quality control methods. In addition to a concise description of the instrumentation from the met masts and the data channels they provide, this report characterizes the behavior of the atmospheric resource first in a cumulative sense, discussing mainly the distributions wind speeds, flow directions and thermodynamic properties at several heights along the towers. Periodicity in atmospheric conditions is then detailed through analysis of diurnal and annual cycles of the data streams. Periods of both low turbulence and extreme atmospheric events that are of interest in terms of wind turbine operation and wind energy research are detailed in the final chapter of this report. Low turbulence events are somewhat rare at the NWTC and are of interest from the perspective of validating the operation of new wind turbine and blade designs. Similarly, the NTWC is known for a relatively higher rate of occurrence of extreme weather events.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2019

Abengoa/Acciona Power Plant Hydrogen Mitigation Project (Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-15-583)

Several Gigawatts (GW) of solar concentrating parabolic trough generating capacity have been installed in the U.S. and internationally in the past five years. Many of these power plants include thermal energy storage, which allows the plants to generate electricity during off-sun hours. The U.S. now has about 1 GW of solar-to-electric generating capacity using concentrating parabolic trough technology. Parabolic trough power plants have a long-standing performance issue relating to the build-up of trace quantities of hydrogen gas in the receiver tubes. Hydrogen is a byproduct of the very slow breakdown of the heat transfer fluid. Accumulation of hydrogen in the receivers causes a loss in the thermal efficiency of the receivers and an overall decrease in the power plant annual electricity output. Since a typical plant contains 50,000 receivers, addressing this issue by individual receiver is not practical. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conceived and developed a method to remove or purge hydrogen from the power plant receivers by removing hydrogen from a single location within the plant. Hydrogen gas is purged from the heat transfer fluid that resides in the power plant expansion tanks. Modeling shows that quantitative removal of hydrogen from the expansion tanks will reverse build-up of hydrogen in the receiver tubes and restore the power plant to its full performance and annual energy output. This method is documented in U.S. Patent 8,568,582, which issued in October 2013. Two companies, Abengoa Solar and Acciona Solar Power, Inc. contacted NREL to discuss solutions to the eventual build-up of hydrogen in their commercial parabolic trough power plants. NREL proposed to implement its method at Acciona's Nevada Solar One (NSO) parabolic trough power plant in Boulder City, Nevada. The first year will consist of laboratory testing at the NREL Energy Systems Integration Facility (ESIF) along with process specification, design, and costing. The second year will be the full-scale implementation of the hydrogen mitigation process at the NSO power plant in Nevada.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2016

Static Proof Load Testing of the Sandia SWiFT 13m Blades

Pre-flown Vestas V-27 wind turbine blades will be used at the new Sandia SWiFT test facility near Lubbock,Texas. Proof load testing the blades in the flapwise direction was needed to verify the blades are still fit for service after 20 years offield operation. Testing was conducted in Building 252(A60)at the NWTC near Boulder,Colorado, between Oct 28(arrival of blades)to Dec 4,2015(completion of testing), under NREL subtasks WE141A50 and WE161A50. Single-point, quasi-static loads were applied to the blade at three independent load stations of 5.92 m, 8.69 m, and 11.62 m, using the facility gantry crane to apply the test load in the positive flapwise direction (low pressure surface in compression). Following the flapwise load cases, a single point load was applied at the 8.69 m station in the negative edgewise direction (leading edge in compression). No damage was observed due to the introduction of the proof loads. Several small pops were heard during testing on each blade, primarily during loading at the 8.69 m station. Compliance (deflection per load) varied less than 7% between all blades for all load cases. Table 3-1 summarizes the applied loads, deflections, and compliance for each blade for the flapwise test cases. Applied test loads are the raw load cell reading minus the total tare load (combined tare load of saddle and tare load for blade self weight). Deflection here is average deflection from both LE and TE string pot data.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Acciona Power Plant Hydrogen Mitigation Project

In 2014, Acciona Solar Power and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory initiated discussions to identify a method to solve a long-standing efficiency loss problem at parabolic trough power plants. Parabolic trough power plants begin to show lost thermal efficiency after six years of operation, due to the presence of trace concentrations of hydrogen in the heat transfer fluid that circulates in the power plant. Trace levels of hydrogen infiltrate the collector field receivers, increasing their heat loss, and decreasing the power plants’ thermal efficiency. At the time, Acciona’s Nevada Solar One power plant in Boulder City, Nevada was starting to show this efficiency loss. After several discussions, APS and NREL agreed to a collaborative effort (CRADA) to develop and implement a method to reduce hydrogen levels in the circulating HTF at the NSO power plant. The project was planned as a three-year effort, and work started in June 2015. The CRADA’s goal was to solve the long-standing lost efficiency problem caused by the buildup of hydrogen in the HTF, which significantly impacts the efficiency, electricity generation, and revenue from parabolic trough power plants.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2020

Resiliency of Degraded Built Infrastructure

Infrastructure resiliency depends on the ability of infrastructure systems to withstand, adapt, and recover from chronic and extreme stresses. In this white paper, we address the resiliency of infrastructure assets and discuss improving infrastructure stability through development of our understanding of cement and concrete degradation. The resiliency of infrastructure during extreme events relies on the condition, adaptability, and recoverability of built infrastructure (roads, bridges, dams), which serves as the backbone of existing infrastructure systems. Much of the built infrastructure in the US has consistently been rated D+ by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). Aged infrastructure introduces risk to the system, since unreliable infrastructure increases the likelihood of failures under chronic and extreme stress and are particularly concerning when extreme events occur. To understand and account for this added risk from poor infrastructure quality, more research is needed on (i) how the changing environment alters the aging of new and existing built infrastructure and (ii) how degradation causes unique failure mechanisms. The aging of built infrastructure is based on degradation of the structural materials, such as concrete and steel supports, which causes failure. Current work in cement/concrete degradation is based on (i) the development of high strength and degradation resistance concrete mixtures, (ii) methods of assessing the age and reliability of existing structures, and (3) modeling of structural stability and the microstructural evolution of concrete/cement from degradation mechanisms (sulfide attack, carbonation, decalcification). Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) has made several investments in studying the durability and degradation of cement based materials, including using SNL-developed codes and methodologies (peridynamics, PFLOTRAN) to focus on chemo-mechanical fracture of cement for energy applications. Additionally, a recent collaboration with the University of Colorado Boulder has included fracture of concrete gravity dams, scaling the existing work to applications in full sized infrastructure problems. Ultimately, SNL has the experience in degradation of cementitious materials to extend the current research portfolio and answer concerns about the resilience of aging built infrastructure.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Efficacy and Delivery of Novel FAST Agents for Coronaviruses

We proposed to test and develop advanced delivery for novel agents from our collaborators Facile Accelerated Specific Therapeutics (FAST) platform to reduce coronavirus replication. Sachi Bioworks Inc., Prof. Anushree Chatterjee, and Prof. Prashant Nagpal at the University of Colorado Boulder have developed a bioinformatics and synthesis pipeline to produce sequence specific theranostic agents (agents that can be therapies and/or diagnostics) that are inherently transported into the cytoplasm of mammalian host cells and sequence-specifically interfere in nucleic acid replication. The agent comprises a small nanoparticle (2-5 nm) chosen for ideal cellular transport and/or imaging conjugated to a short, synthetic DNA analog oligomer designed for binding to one or more target viral sequences. The sequence specific binding of the FAST agent to its target prevents nucleic acid replication due to its high affinity binding. While the small nanoparticle facilitates delivery in vitro, we plan to package the FAST agents into a larger nanoparticle (80-300 nm) for future in vivo delivery applications. Our team at Sandia has expertise encapsulating biomolecules including protein, DNA, and RNA into solid lipid nanoparticles (LNP) and lipid coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (LC-MSN) and shown successful delivery in mouse models to multiple tissues. Our team focused on formulation parameters for FAST agents into lipid nanoparticles (LNP) and lipid coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (LC-MSN) for enhanced delivery and/or efficacy and in vivo translation. We used lipid formulas that have been shown in literature to facility in vitro and more importantly, in vivo delivery. In our work discussed below, we successfully demonstrate loading and release of FAST agents on silica core and stable LC-MSN in a reasonable size range for in vivo testing.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2026

Garnet/PVDF-HFP Hybrid Membranes for Li-Metal Batteries: Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-19-00807

Hazen Research, Inc., in collaboration with University of Colorado, Boulder (CU-B) and National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), will develop and demonstrate a ceramic-polymer hybrid membrane based on garnet (Li7La3Zr2O12) and PVDF (Poly Vinylidene Fluoride)-HFP (Hexafluoropropylene) adaptable to Li-metal anodes. Under this CRADA, NREL will test the developed membranes providing feedback and advice to demonstrate hybrid membranes with Li-ion conductivity >10-4 S/cm at room temperature that are stable with Li-metal, followed by demonstration of full cells with Li-metal anode.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2021

A Heterogeneous System for Eagle Detection, Deterrent, and Wildlife Collision Detection for Wind Turbines (Final Technical Report)

This report summarizes the design, implementation, and test of an integrated system for automated detection and deterrence of eagles, with included wind turbine blade strike detection and imaging functionality. A machine learning approach was used in conjunction with a 360° camera system for automated detection and classification of golden eagles. This was developed using footage obtained from trained golden eagles and other raptors, in collaboration with wildlife biologists and professional bird handlers. Oregon State University developed a visual deterrent system, which uses inflatable anthropomorphic sculptures with random, kinetic motion to deter eagles, and conducted limited field testing on live eagles; the deterrent can be triggered by the visual detection of eagles using the vision system. Finally, a multi-sensor module was developed that is mounted at the turbine blade root. This module measures vibration and other motions to detect blade strikes, and an integrated on-blade camera captures an image of any impacting objects. Long-term, this blade strike detection system is intended to support an automatic monitoring and certification system for the eagle detection and deterent system. Independent field testing of each system component is described. Testing of the integrated system on an operational wind turbine was conducted across three separate field tests. This includes multi-day fields tests on a General Electric 1.5MW wind turbine at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) National Wind Technology Center (NWTC) in Boulder, CO in October 2018 and July 2019; installation procedures, test procedures, and a summary of collected data are presented. A third multi-day on-turbine field test is also presented, which was performed using a General Electric 1.5MW wind turbine at the North American Wind Research and Training Center (NAWRTC) at Mesalands Community College, Tucumcari, NM in April 2019. Across these field tests, the vision system was demonstrated using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), and the eagle classification algorithm was not tested; the visual deterrent system was demonstrated, including automatic, remote deployment following surrogate visual detections; and, multi-sensor on-blade data was recorded across multiple wind turbine operational conditions and through more than 100 surrogate blade strikes using soft projectiles, including the successful demonstration of automatic image capture of striking objects. This data set was also used for offline development and validation of enhanced collision detection algorithms. As summarized in this report, the development and field validation of an integrated detection, deterrent, and blade collision detection system represents a critical proof of concept for future technology development of related detection and deterrent technologies, where both deterrent as well as collision detection recording devices are needed for future siting, monitoring, and operation of wind turbine installations, both onshore and offshore.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2022

Full-Scale Hydrogen Mitigation Installation and Testing at Nevada Solar One

This project was performed under a Cooperative Research & Development Agreement (CRADA) between the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Acciona Energy USA (AE). The purpose was to advance an NREL TRL 3 technology that was developed during the previous CRADA from completed laboratory testing to full-scale process installation and testing at AE's Nevada Solar One (NSO) power plant. The project's objective was to complete full-scale implementation and performance verification of the NREL hydrogen mitigation technology at the Nevada Solar One (NSO) power plant in Boulder City, Nevada.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2022

Evaluating the effectiveness of a camera-based detection system to support informed curtailment and minimize eagle fatalities at wind energy facilities

The American Wind Wildlife Institute (AWWI – now Renewable Energy Wildlife Institute, REWI) – was appointed prime awardee of DOE award number DE-EE0007880 to lead a team of scientists, wind developers, and technology manufacturers in a collaborative evaluation of the effectiveness of a technology intended to help reduce eagle collisions with wind turbines. IdentiFlight, developed by Renewable Energy Systems (RES) in collaboration with Boulder Imaging, is an autonomous aerial monitoring and detection system. REWI partnered with ecological consultants, Western Ecosystems Technology, Inc. (WEST), to independently evaluate the performance of IdentiFlight reducing eagle collision risk under a suite of environmental conditions relative to the performance of a Biomonitor (human observer-based) Program. The project objectives were to 1) evaluate how IdentiFlight compared to biomonitors in detecting and identifying eagles under a suite of environmental conditions and 2) use the observation data to model how IdentiFlight and biomonitors reduced the eagle fatality prediction through informed curtailment. Field testing was to take place at two geographically distinct wind farms over two field seasons at each wind farm with a study design appropriate for meta-analyses across sites and years.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

2022 American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2022)

The 11th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2022) will be held on June 5-9, 2022, in Boulder, CO. The Conference will provide essential information on the breadth and depth of current neutron-related research worldwide. Hosted by the Neutron Scattering Society of America, this year’s Conference will feature a combination of invited and contributed talks, poster sessions, and tutorials. Topics of the conference are: Advances in Neutron Facilities, Instrumentation and Software: Developments in sources, instrumentation, sample environments and control software. Hard Condensed Matter: Magnetism, correlated metals, quantum/topological materials, superconductors, ferroelectrics, multiferroics, glasses, and disorder phenomena. Submissions outlining examples of neutron scattering in industrial and engineering applications involving hard condensed matter systems are also encouraged. Soft Matter: Neutron studies of soft materials and related fields including in situ and in operando studies. Polymers, surfactants, emulsions, gels, nanoparticles, colloidal suspensions and more. Submissions of computational studies or applications of machine learning beneficial to neutron scattering experiments, as well as examples of neutron scattering in industrial and engineering applications are strongly encouraged. Biology, Biophysics and Biotechnology: Neutron studies of biological and biologically relevant systems. Proteins, bio membranes, biological assemblies, natural materials, nucleic acids, drug-delivery platforms and biomedical systems. Submissions of computational studies or applications of machine learning beneficial to biological neutron scattering experiments, as well as examples of neutron scattering in applied research involving biological systems, are strongly encouraged. Materials Chemistry and Energy: Neutron-based studies of functional materials and materials for energy applications. Examples include porous materials such as metal organic frameworks (MOFs), zeolites; phosphors; novel pigments; electrolytes; catalysts; ionic conductors/cathode materials; photovoltaic materials (hybrid perovskites); thermoelectrics; magnetocalorics/electrocalorics. Structural Materials and Engineering: Neutron scattering studies of materials and engineering processes including structural materials, concrete and metals, as well as engineering processes including combustion, corrosion, additive manufacturing, and others. Neutron Physics: Fundamental physical studies of the neutron and related areas. Emerging Applications in Neutron Scattering: Machine Learning and Data Science: Advances in computing power have contributed to rapidly evolving machine learning and data science fields that can be leveraged to the benefit of the neutron scattering community. The purpose of this session is to highlight recent advances in machine learning and data science and to serve as the foundation of a parallel data and computation track highlighting computation advances and applications in neutron scattering throughout the conference.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2023

Extending PETSc's Composable Hierarchical Solvers (Final Technical Report)

This report documents research activities conducted at CU Boulder as part of Extending PETSc’s Composable Hierarchical Solvers, which has been part of a collaboration with Argonne National Laboratory (separate award). Our work has focused on performance-portable end-to-end GPU solvers demonstrated via exemplary applications in nonlinear fluid and structural mechanics. We describe advances in algorithmic composition and analysis in the context of these applications, but the implementations are fully documented and decoupled, and in use by other projects. We believe the vertical integration achieved through collaboration with ECP’s CEED and the PSAAP center at CU was necessary to take risks with data structures and algorithms.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2023

Solar Uncertainty Management and Mitigation for Exceptional Reliability in Grid Operations (SUMMER-GO): Project Final Report

The Solar Uncertainty Management and Mitigation for Exceptional Reliability in Grid Operation (SUMMER-GO) project was recently completed through a collaboration among the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Maxar, the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT), the University of Texas at Dallas, the University of California Berkeley, and the University of Colorado Boulder. The project made significant advances in probabilistic solar power forecasting, both through the development of Bayesian model averaging methods for ensemble forecasting and in bringing these and other advancements into practice with Maxar's delivery of operational forecasts to ERCOT. In addition to creating more reliable solar power forecasts, the project developed methods for their utilization in power system operations. These include the development of risk-aware unit commitment and economic dispatch algorithms and methods to reformulate probabilistic forecasts to be used in these power system operational models. Dynamic power system reserve methods were also developed, which have been shown in silico to create economic savings and reliability improvements on an ERCOT-like system as well as financial savings in the ERCOT system through more granular consideration of the uncertainty associated with solar power forecasts. Finally, a situational awareness tool to help grid operators better understand solar power forecast uncertainty in daily operations was developed and extensively vetted.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Results of the Micromorphic Upscaling Workflow for the PSAAP III Year 3 Report

Predicting the mechanical response and failure of heterogeneous materials has proven difficult. Multiscale numerical methods based in higher order continuum theories attempt to bridge the gap between microscale and macroscale structural behavior. Micromorphic continuum theories have shown promise. The Tardigrade software package is an implementation of Eringen’s micromorphic continuum theory with capabilities to support multiscale material modeling workflows. These include homogenization through the Micromorphic Filter, calibration of micromorphic material models, and macroscale simulation in Tardigrade-MOOSE. This work discusses micromorphic upscaling efforts of the University of Colorado Boulder PSAAP III multidisciplinary simulation center (MSC). Verification studies are presented that compare the accuracy of the upscaling workflow with analytical solutions for a trivial stress state and homogeneous material using direct numerical simulations (DNS) conducted in the Ratel finite element method (FEM) and GEOS material point method (MPM) codes. These verification studies consider upscaling using the Micromorphic Filter for a “single filter domain”. Finally, DNS of a heterogeneous composite material is upscaled using a “multiple filter domain” method.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2023

Grand Challenges Revisited: Wind Energy Research Needs for a Global Energy Transition

Wind will be a foundational energy source in the electricity grid at the heart of a future integrated energy system, replacing traditional electricity generators powered by fossil fuels and providing grid reliability services in addition to energy. Future capabilities and functions of the wind energy sector will evolve apace with the future expansion and needs of global energy infrastructure; however, wind turbines designed today will not be able to provide the services needed to form and stabilize the grid as a majority supplier. In 2017, organizers for the IEA Wind Technical Experts Meeting (TEM) #89 Grand Vision for Wind Energy workshop assembled a group of experts to consider the question of how to enable a future in which wind energy supplies more than 50% of global electricity consumption. More than 70 experts representing 15 countries attended the workshop and provided diverse perspectives for the Grand Vision for Wind Energy. The IEA Wind TEM #109 was a subsequent gathering that was convened Feb. 28-March 1, 2023, in Boulder, Colorado, USA. The IEA Wind TEM #109 meeting aimed to bring together the leaders of all working groups and the IEA Wind Technology Collaboration Programme (TCP) to identify gaps in scientific knowledge, design, and deployment practice as well as identify recommendations for collaborative pathways, initiatives, and prioritized long-term research needs that can be addressed by IEA Wind. This report captures the outcomes of this meeting of international experts: five Grand Challenge areas (The Atmosphere, The Turbine, The Plant and Grid, Environmental Co-Design, and Social Science). In addition, meeting participants identified eight crosscutting topic areas that are discusses within this report (Environment-Turbine, Turbine-Atmosphere, Atmosphere-Grid/Plant, Grid/Plant-Turbine, Grid/Plant-Environment, Atmosphere-Environment, Turbine-Social, and Social-Grid/Plant).

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

DOE ARM Future of LASSO Workshop Report

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility held a two-day workshop at the National Science Foundation National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado in November 2023 to discuss the history and future of the Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) ARM Symbiotic Simulation and Observation (LASSO) activity. LASSO is a suite of data products focused on supplementing ARM observations with high-resolution modeling. The workshop used a hybrid format with 15 invited, in-person attendees and 36 virtual attendees logging in for portions of the workshop. Many topics were covered at the workshop, with this report reflecting the ensuing discussion. Some topics discussed had clear conclusions while others require further thought, given the breadth of topics included in a short workshop.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗